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Globalization.docx
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I. Vocabulary

A. Translate the following words and word combinations into Russian:

to abridge rights to smth; con­stitutional prohibitions; at minimum; to detract from; to generate corresponding rights; to have а say; qualitative standards of life; tolerable conditions; to be short of smth; to assert one’s rights; a Nobel Peace Prize winner; bizarre graft; to run counter to; to counsel; to conceive of smth; vigorous disputes; cultural heritage; to extradite people; capital crimes; first-degree murder; an inmate; to be put to death; to be under sentence of death; to stand in sharp contrast to; minority groups

B. Find in the text English equivalents for:

запрещать кому-либо что-либо; содержание граждан под стражей в течение длительного периода времени без суда и следствия; человеческое достоинство; наиболее плодотворный способ (метод); неблагоприятное воздействие; выбирать из большого числа возможностей; быть вне чего-либо; нарушаться только в крайнем случае; политически доминирующий Запад; какими бы благородными (возвышенными) не были намерения; исторический; искаженные общественные ценности; подчиняться власти и подвергаться контролю со стороны государства; воспользоваться правом вынесения смертного приговора; упоминать о бесчеловечности смертной казни; отказать в выдаче преступника; составлять отчет о возможных нарушениях прав человека;

II. Answer the questions:

  1. What does the notion "individual human rights" imply?

  2. What do collective human rights stand for?

  3. Enumerate the basic human needs. Which of them seem to be most important?

  4. Can the given rights be called absolute? Why?

  5. How do universalists treat human rights?

  6. What is the stance of relativists on the origin of human rights?

  7. What is the essence of debate over the problem of what constitute a human right?

  8. They say that some rights are based on the ideas and values of the West. Do you agree with this?

  9. Are the attempts of the West to impose its values imperialist? Give your arguments.

  10. What is to be done to avoid cultural imperialism? Do you think it to be a possible task? Can you suggest any ways of implementing it?

  11. Countries of the same cultural heritage do not see eye to eye on the concept "human rights", do they?

  12. Why did the UN name a monitor to report on potential human rights violations by the United States?

III. Comment on the following quotations:

  • The Framers of the Bill of Rights did not purport to "create" rights.  Rather, they designed the Bill of Rights to prohibit our Government from infringing rights and liberties presumed to be preexisting.  (Justice William J. Brennan)

  • Give to every human being every right that you claim for yourself.  (Robert Ingersoll)

  • Earth's dispossessed are vulnerable targets for extremists: those who teach that global justice is meaningless; that satisfaction can come only in violence, division, and intellectual isolation. (Abdallah II)

  • Economic interests, political hypocrisy and socially orchestrated discrimination continue to fan the flames of conflict around the world. (Amnesty International – about state of human rights around the world)

  • When political tensions degenerate into outright conflict, all forms of violence increase (Amnesty International)

  • Recognition of the inherent dignity and of equal and inalienable rights of all members of the human family is the foundation of freedom, justice and peace in the world (Universal Declaration of Human Rights)

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