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  • The UN wasn’t created to take mankind into paradise, but rather, to save humanity from hell. (Dag Hammarskjold)

  • More than ever before in human history, we share a common destiny. We can master it only if we face it together. And that, my friends, is why we have the United Nations. (Kofi Annan)

  • If the United Nations is a country unto itself, then the commodity it exports most is words. (Esther b. Fein)

  • If the United Nations is to survive, those who represent it must bolster it; those who advocate it must submit to it; and those who believe in it must fight for it.” (Norman Cousins)

  • We should change our attitude toward the United Nations. There has to be some power in the world superior to our own. We should not have attacked Iraq without the okay of the United Nations. Now we have to live with that mistake. We're living with it, and too many of our guys are dying with it (Andy Rooney)

IV. Suggested activities for students:

  1. Are member-countries within the UN equal? Why, or why not? Is this a contentious issue among member-states? Explain your answer and give examples.

  2. How would you account for the current activity of the UN? Doesn’t it seem that its influence is decreasing? What is to be done to improve and strengthen its position on the international arena? What measures would you propose if you were to unleash the reforms in the UN?

  3. Read the opinions that characterize the activity of the UN. Whose point of view seems more persuasive to you and why?

  • There is an opinion that the UN only works when the state system allows it to. In times of major superpower conflict, runs the argument, the UN is a prisoner of that hostility.

  • Krause the Knight argue, “the UN system…has been an arena for competition between alternative “transformational” visions of world politics that are directed at changing the existing order.”

  • Conor Cruise O’Brien argues, “what was significant was not the fact that the UN at best muddled though and succeeded or failed according to the whims of the most powerful member-states, but rather the role of the organization as a repository of global myths and principles of how things should be”.

  • The UN is an agreed arena for the resolution of common human problems without the formal creation of powerful institutions which supersede nation-states.

  1. Speaking about the problem of reforming the UNSC the president of Zambia has declared that the Council "can no longer be maintained like the sanctuary of the Holy of Holies with only the original members acting as high priests, deciding on issues for the rest of the world who cannot be admitted." Do you agree with this stance? How would you propose to optimize the situation?

  2. There is another problem that exists in the UNSC. In concerns the equity of the veto for any country. Speaking in 2001 during debates in the General Assembly, a delegate from Ethiopia called the Security Council "feudal in nature and undemocratic in character." And a dip­lomat representing Venezuela described the veto, even if "justified in the past" as "an anti-democratic practice nowadays" and "not in accordance with the principle of the sovereign equality of States." Do you share these points of view? Can you consider the current allocation of power in the SC just? Isn’t the current situation a predicament to efficient performance of the SC?

  3. Some countries that are not permanent-members of the UNSC repute that those seeking permanent status are motivated by "an undisguised grab for power and privilege." What is your stance on the problem? How would you characterize the motives of such countries as Japan, Germany, and India that seek permanent membership in the SC? Is it all about power or anything else?

  4. Several types of voting operate within the framework of decision-making in the UN. Analyze their weak and strong sides. What type of voting you would consider the most optimal? Is it possible to overcome deficiencies of this or that type of voting? Can there be created such a formula that would satisfy all the member-states?

  5. Choose any body of the UN and prepare a report on its activity. Focus your attention on the main achievements or failures. Do you consider it work satisfactory? If no, then speak about the changes you would propose to introduce. If yes, speak about what makes this body work effectively.

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