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Globalization.docx
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I. Vocabulary

A. Translate the following words and word combinations into Russian:

Abundance of smth; raw materials; the fourth-largest country; mores; to administer affairs; voter turn-out; military spending; work ethic; to echo smb; intrinsically different; to inherit from; to be open to smb; to persist over times; to be consistent with; gallop through the history; economic inequality; deplorable rates; to boast a standard of living; non-exemplary; a think-tank; to pass…%; to encapsulate; to organize smth on… lines; share prices; to shrink the size of the state; to bottom out; replacement level; median age; technology gap; to diverge; recession; to average; divergence; to dramatize tensions;

B. Find in the text English equivalents for:

Рыбопромысловый район; доход на душу населения; децентрализованная политическая система; раз в четыре года; «домашняя» версия; зависеть от воли случая или силовых решений; Америка, как образец для подражания; не продвинуться ни на йоту; иметь под собой основание; способность создавать условия для ассимиляции иммигрантов; палка о двух концах; получать всеобщее одобрение (поддержку); эпоха (период) сближения [различных систем]; по наиболее существенным аспектам; снижение уровня рождаемости; более разнородный по этническому составу; демографический «изгой»; бум на фондовой бирже; относительная экономическая прибыль; дефицит бюджета; быть в меньшей степени заинтересованным в развитии отношений с Европой; получить «разнос»; задеть за живое;

II. Answer the questions:

  1. How did Alexis de Tocqueville describe America?

  2. What does the phrase "Physical causes contribute less [to America's distinctive­ness] than laws and mores." imply? Discuss.

  3. What are the features that contribute to America’s distinctiveness?

  4. What can be said about America’s political structure?

  5. Are there any incongruities in this description?

  6. The notion “exceptionalism” is all just about being different from the rest of the world, isn’t it?

  7. Enumerate the reasons for thinking that America is special.

  8. Can America be a model for the world?

  9. How did Lovestome explain failure of communism to influence America?

  10. Why is it said that the two versions of American exceptionalism have more in common that might seem on the face of it?

  11. What essential aspects of exceptionalism should be paid attention to?

  12. Is there any evidence of changing America?

  13. When did the period of convergence begin?

  14. What made America and Europe seem alike?

  15. What fields of life remained unaffected by convergence?

  16. How does the situation with population stand in Europe and in America?

  17. Is there any technology gap between Europe and America?

  18. Do the USA and Europe diverge economically?

  19. When and why did the divergences begin?

  20. What conclusion does the author come? Do you share his viewpoint? Why or why not? Discuss.

III. Suggested activities for students:

  1. According to Mr Fukuyama, countries were going to become more alike, more demo­cratic, more liberal, more globalised. There would be less exceptionalism, of the American or any other kind. Can you share his opinion? Why or why not?

  2. Are there any reasons to believe that the position of the USA as an influential actor has considerably changed? Give your reasons. Support your arguments with examples.

  3. It is reputed that in increases sense of national distinctiveness in any big power must worry the small fry who live in its shadow. Express your own viewpoint on the matter.

  4. They say that there are two external constrains upon American exceptionalism. One is the sheer difficulty of engagement abroad. The other is economic one. Do you believe these constrains to be reliable enough to keep balance in the world?

  5. Doctrines of exceptionalism seem to fit with the notion that the post-cold-war world is a battle-ground of warring cultures and hostile ideologies, the “clash of civilizations”. In such a world the anti-exceptionalist tenets – that countries should play down their differences – seem to offer a safe haven. Exceptionalists reply that the world’s conflicts are there for all to see that power is likely to promote not chaos, but safety. Whose point of view you find more persuasive? Why?

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