The System of Government
The Russia Federative Republic has been set up by the Constitution of 1993. The Russian Federation, or Russia, was one of the fifteen republics of the former Soviet Union, or the USSR. The Russian Federation is a member of what is called Commonwealth of Independent States (CIS). The Commonwealth consists of several states – former Union Republics of the USSR.
Under the Constitution Russia is a presidential republic. The federal government consists of three branches: legislative, executive and judicial. Each of them is checked and balanced by President. The President makes treaties, enforces law, appoints the Prime Minister to be approved by the State Duma.
The highest legislative and representative organ of the Russian Federation is the Federal Assembly (Parliament). It consists of two chambers: the Council of the Federation (Upper Chamber) and the State Duma (Lower Chamber).
The Council of the Federation is composed of representatives of each subject of the Russian Federation (two persons of every subject). The State Duma includes 450 deputies. They are elected for four years.
The main function of the chambers is to make federal laws. At first bills are introduced in the State Duma. If they are passed by the majority vote, the laws are submitted for consideration to the Council of the Federation within five days. Having been approved by this chamber the law, within five days, is sent to President of the Russian Federation for signing and publication.
The executive power is exercised by the Government of the Russian Federation. The Government consists of the Chairman of the Government of the Russian Federation, vice-chairman and federal ministers.
The Government ensures the budget implementation and the pursuance of the single financial and monetary policy. It ensures pursuing the single national policy in the sphere culture, science, education, public health, social security and ecology. The Government manages the federal property. It ensures defense of the country, national security, realization of the foreign policy of the Russian Federation. It takes measures to guarantee legality and rights and freedoms of the citizens of the country.
The judicial branch is represented by different kinds of courts: the Constitutional Court, the Supreme Court and federal courts. The duties of the legal system are to defend the rights and freedoms of Russia’s citizens, to decide whether laws passed by the State Duma and the Acts of the executive power agree with the Constitution, to guarantee legal and just execution of laws.
The state symbols of Russia: a three colored banner with white, blue and red horizontal stripes; a national anthem and a national emblem (a two-headed eagle).
Задание 4. Составьте словосочетания, используя слова из обеих колонок, переведите их.
1)
Federal |
branch |
executive |
Duma |
presidential |
Assembly |
State |
organ |
representative |
republic |
federal |
policy |
budget |
law |
Financial and monetary |
implementation |
2)
to guarantee |
a law |
to manage |
defense of the country |
to ensure |
a federal property |
to approve |
budget implementation |
to submit |
rights and freedoms of citizens |
to pass |
|
to make |
|
Задание 5. Составьте словосочетания с предлогом of, переведите их.
Commonwealth the foreign policy
the Council the single financial policy
the Government of the citizens
the pursuance the Federation
sphere Independent States
realization culture
rights and freedoms the Russian Federation
Задание 6. Заполните пропуски словами или словосочетаниями из текста, подходящими по смыслу.
The Russian Federation is a member of what is called _________________.
Under the Constitution Russia is ___________. The federal government consists of _________________. The highest ________ and representative organ of the Russian Federation is the Federal Assembly (Parliament). It consists of two chambers: _________ and_________.
The Council of the Federation is composed of ___________ of each subject of the Russian Federation (two persons of every subject). The State Duma includes 450 ________. The main function of the chambers is _______. The executive power is exercised by the ______________.
The Government ensures the ___________ and the pursuance of the single financial and monetary policy. The judicial branch is represented by different kinds of courts: the _____________,_________ and federal courts. The duties of the legal system are to ___________, to decide whether laws passed by the State Duma and the Acts of the executive power agree with the Constitution, _________ legal and just execution of laws.
Задание 7. Определите верно или неверно каждое высказывание. Объясните почему.
1. Under the Constitution Russia is a parliamentary republic.
Each branch of power is checked and balanced by President.
The highest legislative and representative organ of the Russian Federation is the State Duma.
The State Duma includes 450 deputies.
The main function of the judicial branch is to make federal laws.
The executive power is exercised by the Government of the Russian Federation.
The Supreme Court ensures the budget implementation and the pursuance of the single financial and monetary policy.
The Government manages the federal property.
The judicial branch of power consists of the Constitutional Court, the Supreme Court and federal courts.
Задание 8. Какие функции относятся к каждой ветви власти?
Legislative branch |
Executive branch |
Judicial branch |
-to make federal laws -…
|
-to ensure the budget implementation -…. |
-to defend the rights and freedoms of citizens -…. |
Here are the functions:
to approve a law
to approve the Prime Minister
to form the Cabinet
to pass a law
to ensure the pursuance of the single financial and monetary policy
to ensure pursuing the single national policy
to manage the federal property
to ensure defense of the country
to decide whether laws agree with the Constitution
to make sure that laws are constitutional
to guarantee legal and just execution of laws
Задание 8. Заполните схему и опишите ее.
Приложения
Тексты для чтения