Глава 3

THE RUSSIAN FEDERATION

Задание 1. Переведите слова и выражения.

to occupy, dry land, to vary, heavy forest, barren desert, deep valley, plain, chain.

Задание 2. Прочитайте и переведите текст.

Russia is one of the largest countries in the world. It occupies about one seventh part of dry land. The vast territory of Russia lies in the Eastern part of Europe and in the northern part of Asia. Its total area is over 17 million square kilometres.

Russia is washed by twelve seas and three oceans: the Atlantic, the Arctic, the Pacific. The northern and eastern coats of Russia are washed by the White Sea, the Barents Sea and the Okhotsk Sea.

The land of Russia varies a lot from heavy forests to barren deserts, from high peaked mountains to deep valleys. Russia is located on two plains: the Great Russian Plain and the Siberian Plain. The Urals is the longest mountain chain. It separates Europe from Asia.

There are various types of climate on the territory of Russia. In the south the temperature is usually above zero all year round. The climate of Siberia is continental: summers are hot and dry, winters are very cold.

Russia is a land of long rivers and deep lakes. The Volga River is the longest river in Europe (3690). It runs into the Caspian Sea, which is in realty, the largest lake in the world. The Baikal is the deepest lake in the world.

Russia is rich in natural resources. It has deposits of coal, oil, natural gas, iron ore, gold, nickel, etc.

Russia borders on fourteen countries, including the former Republics of the USSR, which are now independent states.

The population of Russia is about 150 million people.

Today Russia is one of the world’s largest grain producers and exporters. So, today Russia is a great industrial country. The main cities of Russia are: Moscow, the capital of the RF, St.Petersburg, Krasnoyarsk, Novosibirsk, Ufa, Yekaterinburg and etc. Moscow is a Russian political center, here the government of our country is working. Moscow is called the port of five seas, as the Volga Canal links Moscow with the Baltic, White, Caspian, Black sea and the Sea of Azov. Moscow is also Russian cultural center.

Задание 3. Проанализируйте текст по следующему алгоритму:

11. Определите предмет мысли (о чем речь).

12. Разделите текст на логические части, произведите сортировку материала, отделив второстепенное.

13. Дайте название каждой логической части.

14. Найдите ключевые слова и понятия.

15. Обозначьте смысловые опорные пункты для краткого пересказа.

Название части	Ключевые слова и понятия

Задание 6. Ответьте на вопросы:

1. Where is Russia situated?

2. What is the area and the population of the RF?

3. What oceans and seas is Russia washed by?

4. What are the longest mountain chains?

5. What is the climate like in Russia?

6. What is the longest river and the deepest lake in Russia?

7. What natural recourses is Russia rich in?

8. What are the main cities In Russia?

THE STATE SYSTEM OF RUSSIA

Задание 1. Выпишите из словаря транскрипции и перевод следующих слов:

government (n)

commonwealth (n)

a bill (n)

organ (n)

chamber (n)

Assembly (n)

Council (n)

deputy (n)

consideration (n)

vice-chairman (n)

implementation (n)

pursuance (n)

property (n)

to balance (v)

to compose (v)

to ensure (v)

Задание 2. Найдите в тексте эквиваленты следующих выражений:

1. Содружество Независимых Государств

2. Президентская республика

3. Законодательная, исполнительная и судебная власть

4. Совет Федерации

5. Государственная Дума

6. Представлять на рассмотрение

7. Социальное обеспечение

8. Управлять государственной собственностью

9. Права и свободы граждан

10. Государственные символы

Задание 3. Прочитайте и переведите текст.