II. Проверьте понимание прочитанного текста, выполнив задания 1-5.

1. Подберите к следующим терминам (a-h) определения (1-8).

exchange	quantity of goods, products
consumer	international trade
goods	the act of giving and receiving of smth
advantage	finished products
output	a person who uses goods
growing demand	smth useful, helpful to bring success
foreign trade	desire and readiness of people to buy, employ, etc.
allocate	give, put on one side as a share or for a purpose

2. Завершите предложения, используя новую лексику.

Allocated, consumers, exchange, compete, advantages, growing demand, gain

1. Foreign trade means the … of goods and services between nations.

2. The country’s resources should be … efficiently.

3. To produce goods cheaply and efficiently is one of the greatest … of trade.

4. Information on the food label is important to … .

5. The … for goods results in greater production and more extensive use of raw materials and labour.

6. Many companies … for customers throughout Europe.

7. This country will… from trading certain goods.

3. Выразите согласие (True) или несогласие (False) со следующими утверждениями.

1. ____. International trade today is between nations.

2. ____. Only economic units can participate in trade.

3. ____. A nation specializes in those goods it can consume most cheaply and efficiently.

4. ____. International trade began to assume its present form in the 19^th century.

5. ____. Different aspects of international trade have been developed by many famous economists.

6. ____.Specialization in production leads to decreased output.

7. ____.It is necessary that a country’s scarce resources be allocated efficiently.

4. Укажите абзац, в котором говорится об одном из величайших преимуществ торговли.

5. Из глаголов, данных в скобках, выберите требуемую по смыслу видо-временную форму. Обратите внимание на особенности пассивных конструкций. Переведите предложения на русский язык.

1. The United States trade policy (has passed/has been passed) through an era of self-sufficiency in which high tariffs, import quotas and other means (used/were used) to protect domestic industries and to maintain the country’s economic security.

2. According to economic theory there always (exists/is existed) an exchange rate that (will be allowed/will allow) the country to produce at least one good more cheaply than other countries when all goods (value/are valued) in a common currency.

3. In recent years foreign trade (has considered/has also been considered) as a means to promote growth within a nation’s economy.

4. The exchange of goods and services (carries out/is carried out) between the nations.

5. The country (can gain/can be gained) from trading high quality products and (should compete/ should be competed) for customers in the world market.

6. Competition from international trade (has been forced / forces) domestic firms to become more efficient.

7. . Different aspects of international trade and its role in the domestic economy (have been developed/develop) by many famous economists.