VI. Прочтите весь текст еще раз и ответьте письменно на следующие вопросы.

1. What is the central economic problem of a society?

2. What is the market?

3. In what way does a free market economy differ from a command economy?

Вариант 3

I. Перепишите следующие предложения, подчеркните в каждом из них глагол - сказуемое и определите его видовременную форму и залог. Переведите предложения на русский язык, обратите внимание на особенности перевода пассивных конструкций (см. образец 1).

1. I wondered where Mrs Maudsley was.

2. Washington, the capital of the United States of America, was named after the first President of the United States.

3. He is coming here tomorrow morning.

4. He UN emerged when World War II was coming to its final stage.

5. I have never seen her confused before.

6. It was not going to be so simple as he had expected.

7. Are you sure you have omitted nothing?

II. Перепишите следующие предложения. Подчеркните Participle 1, Participle 2 и установите функции каждого из них, т. е. укажите, является ли оно определением, обстоятельством или частью глагола - сказуемого, предложения переведите на русский язык (см. образец 2).

1. Do you know the professor delivering lectures in the history of economics?

2. A moment later the other sailor climbed beside him, then both stood idly smoking and talking.

3. I was sitting in the café, reading a newspaper.

4. He has heard some interesting news today.

5. Waking as the sun crept over his pillow, he yawned, sat up and perceived that another day had arrived.

III. Перепишите следующие предложения, подчеркнитев каждом из них модальный глагол и его эквивалент, предложения переведите на русский язык.

1. Will you be able to spend the coming vocation in Moscow? I hope I will.

2. One must read much to know the language well.

3. You will have to pay for the newspaper.

4. We were unable to do that work.

5. I cannot answer your questions because I don't know the meaning of these words.

6. You must repeat the modal verbs to know this grammar material well.

7. The students are not allowed to use any dictionaries doing the test.

IV. Перепишите следующие предложения, подчеркнитеи определите вид придаточных предложений, переведите предложения на русский язык.

1. The house they live in is on the other side of the street.

2. When we want to tell other people what we think, we can do it in many ways.

3. If he affected her at all, it was inevitable that she should love or hate him.

4. We know that the more we study and read the more we understand English.

5. When I reached London I found waiting for me an urgent request that I should go to Mrs Strickland’s as soon after dinner as I could.

V. Прочтите и переведите на русский язык весь текст письменно. Microeconomics and macroeconomics

Most students taking economics for the first time are surprised by the breadth of what they study. Some think that economics will teach them about the stock market and what to do with their money. Others think that economics deals exclusively with problems like inflation and unemployment. In fact, it deals with all these subjects. But they are peaces of a much larger puzzle.

The easiest way to get a feel for the breadth and depth of what you will be studying is to explore briefly the way economics is organized. First of all, here are two major divisions of economics: microeconomics and macroeconomics.

Microeconomics deals with the functioning of individual industries and the behavior of individual economic decision-making units¹: single business firms² and households. Microeconomics explores the decisions that individual business and consumers make. The choices of a firm about what to produce and how much to charge and the choices of households about what to buy and how much of it to buy help to explain why the economy produces the things it does. Another big question that microeconomics deals with is who gets the things that are produced. Wealthy households get more output than do poor households, and the forces that determine this distribution of output are the province of microeconomics.

Macroeconomics, in its turn, deals with the functioning of national economic complex and behavior of the main classes and social groups.