Контрольні питання

1. Утворення майбутнього неозначеного часу.

2. Яку дію означає цей час?

Література: [1, с. 16-22; 2, с. 18-25; 3, с. 20-30; 5, с. 10-16]

Практичне заняття 5, 6 Learning at Home

Тема: Learning at Home

Мета: вивчення лексики з фаху, минулого неозначеного часу.

Короткі теоретичні відомості

1. Memorize the following words:

skill	навичка
attitude	ставлення, відношення
knowledge	знання
acquire	набувати
indirect	непрямий
customs	звичаї
divide	ділити
decision	рішення
relate	бути пов’язаним
background	походження
education	освіта
influence	впливати, вплив
spend	витрачати
earn	заробляти
move	переїжджати

2. Read and translate the text.

LEARNING AT HOME

The learning process, which will go on as long as you live, starts at home. Your immediate family teaches you the basic skills and attitudes that as a foundation for all the more advanced knowledge you will acquire later on. Some of this learning is direct, such as when someone in the family teaches you to tie your shoelaces or do household tasks. But much what you learn comes to you in an indirect way through your family's customs. These are set ways of acting in certain situations, and they are not exactly the same in any two families. Examples of your family's customs are how, what, and when the family eats and how it celebrated holidays. Other examples are how the chores in the family are divided, who makes the decisions for the family, and how the family relates to outsiders.

Children learn many customs and traditions in the home.

There are many factors that influence your family's customs, including your parents' backgrounds and education. The question of where you live also makes a difference. If you live in the country, your family will have different customs than if you live in a city or suburb. And if you live close to your grandparents, aunts, uncles, and cousins, your experiences will be different than if you have only your immediate family to teach you. The amount of money that your family has to spend also affects its customs, and so do the factors of how and by whom that money is earned. All of these things added together make an atmosphere, or climate, in your home that is different from the climate in any other home and that effects your development. You are part of this climate, because you are making an environment for the other people in your family just as they are making one for you.

The climate in your home is necessarily a changing one, for many things happen to families that force them to alter their customs. Babies are born, and people die. Parents may become separated or divorced. A job may be lost or a better one secured. The family may move. Children will leave home as they become self-supporting. This means that the things you learn at home may be quite different from the things an older or younger brother or sister learns.

One of the things that you learn at home is what it means to be male or female and – more important – what it means to be human. Some homes draw sharp lines between "woman's work" and "man's work." This is emphasized in many ways, including the relationships between the adults in the family. Also, different toys are given to boys and girls, and it is not expected that they could or should do the same things. But today more and more families are recognizing that most of the differences between the sexes are actually a matter of how and what they have been taught. These families are giving their boys and girls equal rights to choose their own directions and to do "human work."

What you have learned at home may satisfy you so completely that you will want to go on living in much the same way when you are on your own. There may, however, be many things that you will want to do differently. You may even want to go in a completely opposite direction. In any case, what you have learned at home will always be with you.

3. Answer the following questions.

1) When does the learning process start?

2) What are examples of family’s customs?

4. Memorize the following grammar material:

PAST SIMPLE TENSE

(Минулий неозначений час)

+) Стверджувальна форма

I, we, you, they, he, she, it

V2

–) заперечна форма

I, we, you, they, he, she, it

did not V1

?) питальна форма

…did

I, we, you, they, he, she, it

V1

Цей час означає минулу дію, яка може бути доконаного чи недоконаного виду. Уживається зі словами:

Учора – yesterday, минулого тижня – last week, минулого місяця – last month, минулого року – last year, минулого разу – last time, дві години тому – two hours ago.

For example: He helped you yesterday. They did not go to the conference last week. What did you learn two days ago?

Винятки: дієслово to be заперечну і питальну форми утворює без did; can має форму минулого часу could, заперечну і питальну форми утворює без did.

+) I, he, she, it was

we, you, they were

–) I, he, she, it was not

we, you, they were not

?) …Was I, he, she, it ?

…Were we, you, they ?

For example: Where were you yesterday? He was not at home yesterday. She was busy last week. He couldn’t come yesterday.

Irregular verbs

be	was, were	been
begin	began	begun
become	became	become
blow	blew	blown
break	broke	broken
bring	brought	brought
build	built	built
buy	bought	bought
catch	caught	caught
choose	chose	chosen
come	came	come
cost	cost	cost
cut	cut	cut
do	did	done
draw drink	drew drank	drawn drunk
drive	drove	driven
eat	ate	eaten
fall	fell	fallen
fight	fought	fought
find	found	found
fly	flew	flown
forbid	forbade	forbidden
forget	forgot	forgotten
forgive	forgave	forgiven
freeze	froze	frozen
get	got	got
give	gave	given
go	went	gone
grow	grew	grown
hang	hung	hung
have	had	had
hear	heard	heard
hold	held	held
hurt	hurt	hurt
keep	kept	kept
know	knew	known
lay	laid	laid
lead	led	led
learn	learnt	learnt
leave	left	left
let	let	let
lie	lay	lain
lose	lost	lost
make	made	made
mean	meant	meant
meet	met	met
pay	paid	paid
put	put	put
read	read	read
ring	rang	rung
run	ran	run
say	said	said
see	saw	seen
sell	sold	sold
send	sent	sent
show	showed	shown
sit	sat	sat
sleep	slept	slept
speak	spoke	spoken
spend	spent	spent
spread	spread	spread
stand	stood	stood
take	took	taken
teach	taught	taught
tell	told	told
think	thought	thought
throw	threw	thrown
understand	understood	understood
wear	wore	worn
win	won	won
write	wrote	written