Glossary

English	Kazakh	Russian
a plenary meeting ceremony [ə plenərə m i:t i ŋ ˈserɪmənəɪ]	мәжілістің ашылу рәсімі	церемония открытия заседания
to give the floor [flɔ:] to someone	сөз беру	предоставить слово кому-либо
a chairman/ woman [ˈtʃɛəˌwumən]	мәжілістің төрағасы	председатель заседания
to set up/ to fix the time limit	регламентті белгілеу	установить регламент
to break[breɪk]the time limit	регламентті бұзу	нарушить регламент
to stimulate discussions [dɪsˈkʌʃəns]	талқылауды ынталандыру	стимулировать обсуждение
to keep/ to stick to the point	сұрақ бойынша сөйлеу	говорить по сути вопроса
to digress [daɪˈɡres] from the subject	сұрақ бойынша сөйлеу	уклоняться от сути, предмета
to submit abstracts [‘æbstrækts]	баяндаманы өткізу	сдать тезисы

Office hours № 3

Write a Book review on the given sample (p.186).

LIW №7

Read the poem ‘If’ by Rudyard Kipling with proper intonation and stress, learn it by heart (p. 165).

References

Main literature:

1. New English File. Advanced Student’s Book. Clive Oxenden. – Oxford University Press, 2012

2. Cафроненко О.И., Макарова Ж.И. Английский для магистрантов и аспирантов. М., 2011

4. Кривых Л.Д., Рябичкина Г.В., Смирнова О.Б. Технический перевод. М.2011.

Additional literature:

5. Щавелева Е.Н. How to make a scientific speech. Практикум по развитию умений публичного выступления на английском языке. М., 2011.

HAND OUT № 6 (126) Discipline: English as a foreign language Credits - 2 Advanced level Practical lesson Lexical theme: Inventions Grammar: Modals: must, should, ought to, shall, will, would Teacher: associate professor Nagiyatova Lazzat Bermahanovna

Can you give Russian or Kazakh equivalent of the given proverbs?

Good and quickly seldom meet.

A well-done job takes time.

GRAMMAR COMMENT: Modals must, should, ought to, shall, will, would

Must Must can be used to express obligation. Mustn't expresses prohibition: You mustn’t touch this – it’s very hot. Must can also be used to make deductions from evidence and expresses certainty. The past form of must for deduction is must + have+ past participle. We use must be going to+ infinitive to make deductions about the future. The negative of must for this meaning is can't. Must and mustn't are used to give strong advice. You must stop smoking. You mustn't give up hope. Ought to and should Ought to and should are used to criticize actions or attitudes. People ought to/should show more respect for old people. Ought to and should are used to talk about the importance of doing something. The negative forms are ought not to or oughtn't to and should not or shouldn't. The past forms are ought to / should + have+ past participle. You ought to have / should have told us you were coming. Will and would Will and won't are used to describe habits and characteristic behavior in the present and in general. If will is stressed, it indicates the speaker's irritation with or negative opinion of the habit. Would and wouldn't are used to talk about past habits and characteristics. If would is stressed, it indicates the speaker's irritation with or negative opinion of the habit.

Complete the sentences below using the modals in the box.

must mustn't must have ought to shall should shouldn't have I should have will would

0. Shall I carry some of your heavy bags for you?

1. All pupils wear school uniform at all times in school and on their way to and from school.

2. We're going to be doing a lot of hill-walking and so you ……Bringstrong outdoor shoes.

3. I wonder where they can be. They……got here by now. They …. missed their train.

4. After school we used to go to the sweet shop on the corner where everyone……buy a penny's worth ofsweets or liquorice.

5.You …. smoke in the garage for court. He's always late for work. He … catch an earlier train.

What do the modals in these sentences convey? Choose from the possibilities in the box.

advice deduction obligation offering past habit requesting

1. You must help me.

2. Will you help me?

3. You ought to help him.

4. She must be in her fifties.

5. They must have left by now.

E xercise 1. [ T.6]

Listen to the recording ‘Great inventions we can’t live without’ and give T (true) and F (false) answers.

		true	false
1	Speaker 1 couldn’t do without his car
2	Speaker 2 couldn’t do without her dish washing mashine and her hair dryer
3	Speaker 3 couldn’t live without contact lenses
4	Speaker 4 goes everywhere with his coffee mill

Exercise 2. Retell the main idea of the listened text.

Exercise 3. Discuss in pairs:

1. How have science and technology changed our lives? Think about discoveries, inventions, new products, and their effects (good and bad).

2. Are people in danger of being replaced by robots at work?

3. Should animals be used in experiments?

4. What advantages do you see living in the era of rapid technological progress?

5. How will science and technology effect on our lives in the future?

Exercise 4. Read the text and give definitions to the highlighted words. Translate the first paragraph.