State государство штат

a) State police forces (in the USA)……………………………….

b) The United States……………………………………………..

c) State financing (in the USA)……………………………………

d) State financing (in other countries)……………………………..

e) The state of Belgium…………………………………………….

j) The European states…………………………………………….

Exercise 7. Translate the sentences below.

1. Сколько поправок входит в Билль о правах?

2. Исполнительная власть возглавляется президентом.

3. США - это федеративная республика.

4. Определенные полномочия предоставлены федеративному правительству.

5. Каждый штат имеет свое правительство, полицию и суды.

6. Президент формирует свой кабинет министров.

7. Каково население Америки?

8. Законодательная власть принадлежит Конгрессу США.

The judicial system of the usa

The head of the judicial power is the Supreme Court. It consists of the Chief Justice and eight Associate Justices appointed for life by the President with the approval of the Senate. One of the most important duties of Justices is to decide whether laws passed by Congress agree with the Constitution. If the Supreme Court decides that the Constitution does not give the Congress the power to pass a certain law, the Court declares the law unconstitutional. Such law cannot be enforced by the President and his executive officers.

The Court of Appeals has only appellate jurisdiction. It works in a District of Columbia and ten circuits into which the country has been divided. The marshals are the oldest law enforcement agency in the United States. Each marshal is appointed by the President with advice and consent of the US Senate. The appointment is for the period of four years. Marshals do not wear uniform.

There are about seven hundred marshals in the USA. The marshals work in federal courts, serve federal processes, transport federal prisoners and have powers to arrest in federal cases. The activities of marshals are supervised and directed by the attorney General.

∙The office of the Attorney-General was established in 1789. The purpose of the office was to enforce federal laws. The Attorney-General is the head of the US Department of Justice.

Exercise 1 . Use these words in the following sentences and translate them.

Unconstitutional appellate Supreme executive Associate Chief

1. The head of the judicial power of the USA is the …………. Court.

2. The Court is made of the ……….Justice and eight ………… Justices.

3. If the Constitution does not give Congress the power to pass a certain law, the Court declares the law………………. .

4. Unconstitutional law can’t be enforces by the President and his …………. Officers.

5. The Court of Appeals has only ………… jurisdiction.

Exercise 2. Answer the following questions.

1. Do you know what the word marshal mean?

2. What are the main responsibilities of marshals in the USA?

3. Do they wear uniform?

4. Who appoints them?

5. For what period are they appointed?

6. Who supervises their work?