- •Theoretical and Methodological Aspects of Translation
- •Translation as a Notion, Subject and Object of Linguistic Studies
- •2. Significance of Translation
- •Methods of Translation
- •4. Kinds of Translation
- •Self-assessment test
- •Peculiarities of Rendering English Tenses and Passive Voice Constructions
- •1. The peculiarities of rendering the Present Simple tense in Ukrainian.
- •2. The Present Perfect and Perfect-Continuous tenses, the peculiarities of their translation.
- •3. English passive voice constructions, the general notion.
- •4. Transformations in rendering the meaning of English passive voice constructions in Ukrainian.
- •5. English passive voice constructions with a prepositional object, their rendering in Ukrainian.
- •Self-assessment test
- •Exercises
- •Ways of Realization of the Contextual Meaning of the Article
- •The Article. The general notion.
- •Factors that influence the translation of articles. The influence of origin on translation.
- •3. The lexico-grammatical meaning of the article, its influence on translation.
- •5. Realization of contextual meaning of the definite article.
- •Self-assessment test
- •Exercises
- •Ways of Conveying the Meaning of the Infinitive and its Constructions
- •The Infinitive, the general notion
- •The ways of translating a single infinitive and infinitive phrases. The use of direct translation.
- •3. The ways of translating a single infinitive. The use of clauses in translation.
- •4. The ways of conveying the meaning of the Objective-with-the Infinitive Construction.
- •5. The ways of conveying the meaning of the Subjective Infinitive Construction
- •6. The ways of conveying the meaning of the Prepositional Infinitive Construction
- •Self-assessment test
- •Exercises
- •Ways of Conveying the Meaning of the Gerund and Its Constructions
- •The gerund, the general notion.
- •2. Ways of translating a single gerund.
- •3. Peculiarities of translating the gerund as an adverbial modifier
- •4. Ways of rendering gerundial constructions.
- •Self-assessment test
- •Exercises
- •Ways of Translating the Participle and Participial Constructions
- •Ways of Rendering the Single Participle and Participial Phrases
- •The Objective Participial Construction
- •3. The Subjective Participial Construction.
- •The Nominative Absolute Participial Construction
- •The Prepositional Absolute Participial Construction
- •The Nominative Absolute and the Prepositional Absolute Constructions
- •Self-assessment test
- •Exercises
- •Ways of Conveying the Meaning of English Modal Verbs and Modal Expressions
- •1. Modality as an extralinguistic category. Ways of expressing modality.
- •2. Phonological ways of expressing modality.
- •3. Lexical means of expressing modality.
- •Lexico-grammatical means of expressing modality.
- •5. Grammatical modality.
- •Self-assessment test
- •Exercises
- •Ways of Rendering the Forms of the Subjunctive Mood
- •Forms of the Subjunctive mood, the general notion
- •2. General approaches to the translation of the forms of the Subjunctive mood
- •3.Peculiarities of translating object clauses with the Subjunctive mood
- •4. Ways of translating clauses with should
- •Self-assessment test
- •Exercises
- •The Forms of the Subjunctive Mood and the Ways of Their Rendering in Ukrainian
- •Texts for translation
- •L.Carroll Alice in Wonderland
- •W. S. Maugham Foinet's Advice
- •F. R. Barratt The Sad Story of a Lost Memory
- •Additional exercises
- •What a Language!
- •Questions for the examination
- •References
Self-assessment test
1. The number of participial constructions is
a) 6
b) 4
c) 2
2. The verbal which is never used parenthetically is
a) the gerund
b) the infinitive
c) Participle I
3. The verbal which has no tense and voice distinctions is
a) Participle I
b) Participle II
c) the Gerund
4. Priority of the action can be expressed by Participle I Indefinite of verbs denoting
a) compulsion and motion
b) sense perception and motion
c) sense perception and compulsion
5. The second part of constructions without participle can be expressed by
a) an adjective, an adverb or a prepositional phrase
b) a noun, an adverb or a prepositional phrase
c) an adjective, an adverb or a participial l phrase
6. Which of the constructions is monofunctional?
a) the Objective Prepositional Construction
b) the Nominative Absolute Participial Construction
c) the Nominative Absolute Construction
7. Which of the constructions is multifunctional?
a) the Subjective Participial Construction
b) the Prepositional Absolute Participial Construction
c) the Nominative Absolute Construction
8. The participle can be used with
a) conjunctions
b) interjections
c) prepositions
9. The participle combines
a) nominal, adjectival and verbal characteristics
b) adverbial, adjectival and verbal characteristics
c) nominal, adjectival and nominal characteristics
10. The participle is never used as a simple object because it lacks
a) verbal character
b) adjectival character
c) nominal character
Exercises
Exercise 1.
Translate into Ukrainian. Mind the syntactic functions of the Participle.
1. A few early fallen oak leaves strewn the terrace already.
2. A cold wind swept the pavement, bearing a scrap of silver paper from a chocolate box across the lamp-light.
3. He halted, with a laugh, and turned, facing them.
4. The barking dog increased his tempo.
5. Being unused to such appraisements, he didn’t know how to value it.
6. She found herself in a wretched little low kitchen lighted by a small lamp.
7. He was in an ecstasy, dreaming dreams and reconstructing the scenes just passed.
8. Having shaken himself free from his old companions and old ways of life, and having no new companions, nothing remained for him but read.
9. Wishing to finish the work in time, Andrew decided to ask Chris to help him.
10. The street was full of people, laughing and going home.
Exercise 2.
Translate into Ukrainian. Mind the syntactic functions of the Participial constructions.
Just look at the rain coming down!
Despite his concern for Alexander, Coleman found himself becoming annoyed.
Suddenly I saw the brush moving on the opposite side of the ravine.
On Wednesday morning Julia had her hair waved.
He saw Jody with his head slowly moving around.
Patterson, his habit of politeness back in place, inquired…
My private station being that of a University professor, I was naturally deeply interested in the system of education in England.
Her cheek pressed against the pillow, she gazed at him with shining eyes.
Peter looked up, his head fallen slackly back.
He was all confusion and embarrassment on the instant, the blood flushing on his neck and brow.
Lecture 7