Вариант №2

I Перепишите предложения; подчеркните Participle I и Participle II и укажите функцию каждого из них, т.е. определите, будет ли оно определением, обстоятельством или составной частью глагола-сказуемого; предложения переведите (см. образец выполнения)

1. The professor delivering the lecture is a famous scientist.

2. The applied device was very efficient.

3. Using the energy of the atom we produce electric energy at atomic power plants.

4. Cambridge University was formed in the 12^th century.

5. When passed through a motor, electric current can do work.

II. Перепишите предложения и переведите их на русский язык, обращая внимание на герундий и герундиальные обороты.

1. Penetrating into space was very important for mankind.

2. In testing the devices they found some serious faults.

3. We know of Yoffe’s having contributed much to the research of transistors.

4. Their aim is mastering the fundamentals of radio engineering

III. Перепишите предложения и переведите их на русский язык, обращая внимание на инфинитив и инфинитивные обороты.

1. Computers are certain to be used in economics and management.

2. He was the first to obtain such remarkable results.

3. To strengthen metals engineers mix them with other sub­stances.

4. The problem to be solved is of great importance to our industry.

5. Modern discoveries allow science engineering to be de­veloped rapidly.

IV. Перепишите предложения и переведите их на русский язык, обращая внимание на условные придаточные предложения и глаголы в сослагательном наклонении:

1. If a satellite speed is less than necessary it will go down the orbit and enter the atmosphere.

2. It is required that all measurements be done beforehand.

3. Provided all of the requirements were met, the efficiency of the apparatus would be increased.

4. Had you taken all the safety measures, the machine would not have been broken.

V. Перепишите предложения и переведите их на русский язык, обращая внимание на перевод неопределенных местоимений.

1. The research work was completed and no other experi­ments were needed.

2. Something must be done to improve the results of the ex­periment.

3. Now everybody knows that we can turn a laser beam into electricity with high efficiency.

4. We have already some new telephones at our disposal.

5. No problem is so important as the problem of communication.

VI. Поставьте глаголы в скобках в правильную форму согласно правилу согласования времен.

1. We knew that he (to be working) hard.

5. Students were informed that they (to have) industrial training the following year.

VII. Перепишите текст и переведите его на русский язык. Transport for Tomorrow

One thing is certain about the public transport of the future: it must be more efficient than it is today. The time is coming when it will be quicker to fly across the Atlantic to New York than to travel from home to office. The two main problems are: what vehicle shall we use and how can we plan our use of it?

There are already some modern vehicles which are not yet in common use, but which may become a usual means of transport in the future. One of these might be an electric car.

A few decades ago, the only thing electronic on most automobiles was the radio. But at present sophisticated electronics is playing a big part in current automotive research. For example, in every gasoline-powered car that General Motors Corporation makes there is a small computer continuously monitoring the exhaust. The device, about the size of a pack of cigarettes, adjusts the vehi­cle carburetor fuel intake to get the best fuel economy. Ford cars are equipped with an electronic instrument panel that, among other things, will calculate how far one can drive on the fuel left in the tank. It will also estimate the time of arrival at destination and tell the driver what speed he has had since turning on the ignition.

According to specialists these features made possible by micro­electronics are only the beginning. Recently a radar to be mounted on lorries and cars has been designed in the USA. Radar may control the brakes to avoid collisions, and a display screen may show the car's position on the road.

To produce advanced safety vehicles designers and engineers need not only highly developed electronics but new materials as well. A Japanese company is designing a car of a new generation. When completed, the new model will have a lot of unusual charac­teristics. The car's four-wheel control system will ensure move­ment diagonally and even sideways, like a crab, at right angles to the longitudinal axis. This is especially important when leaving the car in parking places.

A new ceramic engine has been developed in Japan. Many im­portant parts such as pistons, pressure rings, valves piston rings and some others have been made of various ceramic materials, being in many respects better than those of steel. They withstand temperatures up to 1000 degrees C. Therefore, the engine does not need a cooling system.

VIII. Выпишите из текста одно предложение, содержащее инфинитив в функции обстоятельства.