III. Read the words and word-combinations to the text:

preventive health service служба профі­лактики здоров'я

health protection охорона здоров'я attempt спроба prophylaxis профілактика check-up контроль, перевірка experience 1'iks'pianans] досвід current practised jpraiktist] examination поточний практичний огляд screening {'skri:nig] екранування pregnant ['pregnant] woman вагітна жін­ка

key (ki:l branch провідна галузь mass-scale examination масовий огляд

out-patient department амбулаторія sanitary unit санітарний відділ preventive inoculation профілактична вак­цинація

whooping cough коклюш to wipe out ліквідувати smallpox віспа

to staff укомплектовувати штати to be responsible бути відповідальним to keep an eye стежити sewage стічні коди purity чистота to build up укріплювати treasure I'trega] скарб, багатство

TEXT A IV. Read and translate the text:

PREVENTIVE MEDICINE

Even in old times doctors knew that it is far easier to prevent a disease than to cure it. The famous surgeon Mykola Pirogov paid much ittention to preventive medicine- The first attempts to carry universal medical check-ups have already been made in ykraine during the 1920s and 1930s. They were not successful as we had neither @ sufficient material basis of health care, nor enough medical per­sonnel. .

Today prophylaxis has become one of the basic principles in our

medical system,

The medical check-ups of population are carried in towns and villages. The people having any diseases are placed in clinics and the tenment must be followed-

We already have some experience in this field. The current practised periodic examinations of the population are, in fact, a form of screening (i^.ilthy people- Most of such periodic examinations are done by special цичіісаі commissions, laboratories and other diagnostic tests. First

і ;іі1 they examine preschool children, pupils, pregnant women and

iliers.

»

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Mass-scale medical examinations are the practical method of special clinics—cardiological, oncological, T. B., venereal, etc. It is also used by some other medical establishments — polyclinics, out­patient departments, medical consultation centres and sanitary units.

Preventive inoculation with special vaccines is done everywhere. Tens of millions of children are vaccinated every year against poliomy­elitis, whooping cough and diphtheria.

Consistent ant-i-epidemic measures carried out m the past years have Jheiped to wipe out such dangerous diseases in our country,

as plague, cholera, smallpox, malaria, poliomyelitis, diphtheria, typhus, trachoma and many others.

Each region, district and town in the country has its own sanitary and epidemiologicai stations staffed with specialists responsible for preventive medicine and sanitary control. Housing and municipal sanitation experts have to keep an eye on the sanitary conditions of the populated areas, the water supply and sewage systems, and the purity o.f water, air and the soil. The food hygiene services

are responsible for the sanitary standards in the food industry and in trade.

All these measures are being taken to protect and build up people's health that is the greatest treasure of everybody,

V. Answer the jollowing questions:

1- What did doctors know about prevention of diseases in old times? 2. What did Nikolai Pirogov pay much attention to? 3. When have the first attempts to carry universal medical check-ups been made m Ukraine? 4. Why were they not successful? 5. What pnnc'iple has prophylaxis become in our medical system? 6- Where are the regular medical check-ups carried? 7. Where must the treatment be followed for the people having any diseases? 8. Whom are the periodic exam^naiions done by? 9. Whom do they examine first of a!i? • 10. Is preventive inoculation done anywhere? !!. What stations has

each rcpon^ district and luwn in the country? 12. Why are all these measures being taken to protect?

TEXT В VI. Read the text and retell it:

AT THE CHEMIST'S SHOP

There are iwo departments in the chemist's shop. At one chemist's department you can have the medicine right away but at the prescrip­tion department the necessary drugs have to be ordered. . At the chemists' all drugs are kept in drug cabinets. Every small

И8

bottle or box has a label with the name of the medicine and its indica­tion stuck on it. There are drugs for internai, external uses and for injections- The dose to be taken is usually indicated on a signature or a label,

As a rule the directions for the administration of a drug are written on the signature, it is necessary for chemists, nurses, doctors as well as patients themselves, so that they won't confuse different remedies because some of them are poisonous and their overdosage may cause bad reactions and sometimes even death.

When you come for medicine you had ordered the chemist may give you some recommendations, and say you the dose to be taken.

In the drug cabinets one can see small parcels of different powders, ampules of drugs used for intravenous and intramuscular injections. There are tubes of healing ointments, different pills, sedative and tonics, as vitamins and sleeping draughts. Here you can find different laxative drugs, tablets for headache, bottles of iodine and others. At the chemist's shop one can buy hot water bottles, medicine droppers and many other things which are quite necessary lor medical care.

at the chemist's shop а аптеці dieini&t t'kemist| аптекар drug ліки, .яікарський препарат medH-me ліки, медикаменти remedy лікарський засіб

NOTES

poisoneus ['paiznas} отруйний heating ointment лікувальна яазь sedative [•secbtiv| заспокійливий засіб laxative jInRk-s^tivj проносний засіб dropper крапельниця; піпетка

TEXTC

VII. Read the text and use the sentences in your dialogue:

^ AT THE DOCTOR'S

Doctor: Tell me your trouble, young man. Patient: Well, I have caught cold. I've been sneezing and coughing all

the time and on the top of that it's hard for me to swaliow. , D,; Open your mouth, please. Now take off your shirt, I'll listen to

your heart and sound your lungs- Got a temperature? P.: Yes, but not very high. Thirty seven, point three, D.: There's nothing serious with you. Keep the bed for a few days and

take the medicine I'ii prescribe you.

NOTES

t® trouble турбувати to sneeze чхати

te cough кашляти to swallow ковтати

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STEP 3. ORAL SPEECH PRACT^E

'"Topic: At the Therapeutists's (Part I) N

Prepare yourself to the conversation according to the topic. Сагц out the following instructions:

I. Read and memorize the words and word-combinations:

scarlet fever ['sko:Iit'ft:vaJ скарлатина breathlessness ['bre91isnis] утруднене дн-measfes ['mi:zlz] кір ханнн

quinsy ['kwmzi] ангіна complaint (kam'pleintj скарга influenza [,inllu-enzo] грип to complain [ksm'plein] скаржитися pneumonia [nJu"mour]j9] пневмонія to troubie (ІглЬЇ] турбувати bronchitis Ibnnrkaitis) бронхіт to fall ill захворіти weakness i'wi:knis| слабість stomach ['sUmakj шлунок to swallow I'swalou] ковтати headache f'hedeikj головний біль to feel a pain відчувати біль cough [kaf] кашель