Test 5.

1. These sentences deal with company formation and management. In each case, choose the correct word or phrase to complete them.

1. The company is governed by the board of directors, whilst the day-to-day management is delegated a) upon b) to c) for the managing director.

2. In some companies. the articles of association a) make b) give c) allow provision for rotation of directors, whereby only a certain portion of the board must retire and present itself for reelection before the AGM.

3. Many small shareholders do not bother to attend shareholders' meetings and will often receive proxy circulars from the board, seeking authorisation to vote on a) the basis of b) in respect of c) on behalf of the shareholder.

1	2	3

Vocabulary: labour law

2. Arrange the paragraphs to make the whole text. It is the beginning of the text «labour law».

1. Thus employees have certain rights enforceable by law:

• the right of fair treatment regardless of age, race, religion, gender, or disabilities;

• the right to equal treatment, also with regard to wages;

• the right not to be dismissed without proper cause and the correct procedures;

• the right not to be dismissed for giving birth to a child;

• the right for compensation when employees are retrenched.

2. The basic feature of individual labour law is that the rights and obligations of the worker and the employer between one another are mediated through the contract of employment between the two. Many terms and conditions of the contract are however implied by legislation or common law, in such a way as to restrict the freedom of people to agree to certain things in order to protect employees, and facilitate a fluid labour market.

3. In general, there are two broad categories of labour law. First, collective labour law relates to the three-party relationship between employee, employer and union. It mostly concerns the inequality of bargaining power between employers and workers.

4. Second, individual labour law concerns employees' rights at work and conditions and terms of employment.

5. Labour law is the body of laws, administrative rulings, and precedents which address the legal rights of, and restrictions on, working people and their organisations. As such, it mediates many aspects of the relationship between trade unions, employers and employees.

1	2	3	4	5

3. Match the following English expressions with their Russian equivalents.

1. evidence in the case a) вещественное доказательство

2. evidence on oath b) давать показания, представить доказательства

3. to give/offer/introduce/ c) доказательства вины; улики

produce evidence

4. to plant evidence d) доказательства или показания по делу

5. to weigh evidence e) доказательства, показания, полученные с нарушением закона

6. to withhold evidence f) доказательство из первых рук

7. evidence wrongfully obtained g) заключение эксперта

8. evidence of guilt h) косвенное доказательство

9. circumstantial evidence i) лжесвидетельство

10. conclusive/decisive evidence j) ложное доказательство, показание

11. expert evidence k) недостаточное доказательство

12. false evidence l) неопровержимое доказательство

13. first hand evidence m) окончательное, решающее доказательство

14. insufficient evidence n) оценить доказательства

15. irrefutable evidence o) показания под присягой

16. perjured evidence p) скрыть доказательства

17. physical evidence q) сфабриковать доказательства

1	2	3	4	5	6	7	8	9	10	11	12	13	14	15	16	17