Test 4.

1. The following terms introduce you to the people in the law. Complete these paragraphs with words or expressions from the box.

Barristers:

1. called to the Bar

2. exclusively

3. Inns of Court

4. pupilage

5. right of audience

In England and Wales, a barrister is a member of one of the 1) ____________(= the four law societies in London to which lawyers are members); he or she has passed examinations and spent one year in 2) ____________ (= training) before being 3) ____________ (= being fully accepted to practise law). Barristers have the 4) ____________ in all courts in England and Wales: in other words, they have the right to speak, but they do not have that right 5) ____________.

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Magistrates:

1. adoption

2. affiliation

3. bench

4. clerk

5. commit

6. Crown Court

7. lay

8. Magistrates' Courts

9. sentence

10. stipendiary

11. trial

Magistrates usually work in 1) ____________. These courts hear cases of petty crime, 2) ____________, 3) ____________, maintenance and violence in the home. The court can 4) ____________ someone for 5) ____________ or for 6) ____________ in a 7) ____________. There are two main types of magistrates: 8) ____________ magistrates (qualified lawyers who usually sit alone); 9) ____________ magistrates (unqualified, who sit as a 10) ____________ of three and can only sit if there is a justices' 11) ____________ present to advise them).

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2. Match the following English expressions with their Russian equivalents

1. punitive sentencing a) карательная мера

2. punitive institution b) карательное воздействие

3. punitive justice c) карательное правосудие

4. punitive law d) карательное учреждение

5. punitive legislation e) лишение свободы как кара за совершённое преступление

6. punitive measure f) уголовное законодательство

7. punitive treatment g) уголовный закон

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3. Match the following English expressions with their Russian equivalents.

1. credit for time in custody a) возвращение под стражу

2. defendant not in custody b) дальнейшее содержание под стражей

3. detention in custody c) передать, препроводить под стражу

4. escape by person in custody d) допрос лица, находящегося под стражей

5. in-custody confession e) содержать под стражей

6. in-custody interrogation f) зачёт времени пребывания под стражей

7. person in custody g) лицо, содержащееся под стражей

8. remand in custody h) освободить из-под стражи

9. retention in custody i) побег из-под стражи

10. to discharge from custody j) подсудимый, находящийся на свободе

11. to keep in custody k) признание, сделанное лицом, находящимся под стражей

12. to submit to custody l) содержание под стражей

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