- •Answers (mid 2):
- •Variant a
- •Write the definitions of decision making, programmed decisions, non-programmed decisions.
- •Define Maslow’s hierarchy of needs theory. Give examples for each need.
- •What is the team cohesiveness? Explain the difference between members of highly cohesive team and members of less cohesive team?
- •Write all styles to handle conflict. What is the difference between competing (forcing) and accommodating styles? Give examples.
- •Variant b
- •What is the difference between intrinsic and extrinsic rewards? Give examples.
- •Define decision-making steps. Briefly explain one of them.
- •Give the definition of conflict? How many roles people can have in any conflict?
- •List four team member roles. Explain each of them.
- •Variant c
- •Give the definition of team. Although a team is a group of people, two terms are interchangeable or not? If no, please explain the differences.
- •What is the chain of command and span of management?
- •Write about needs for achievement, affiliation and power.
- •Write all styles to handle conflict. What is the difference between avoiding and collaborating styles? Give examples.
- •Variant d
- •What is communication? Write about how much time managers spend on communication.
- •Managers have to take into consideration team characteristics. Write three characteristics of team and briefly explain the diversity.
- •Briefly define motivation process theories.
- •Difference between the centralization, decentralization and departmentalization.
- •Variant e
- •What is the motivation? And give simple model of motivation.
- •Difference between channel richness and non-verbal communication.
- •Write types of Formal teams? Briefly explain each of them.
- •Please, give the definition of brainstorming. Brainstorming process has some of guidelines, please define some of them.
Answers (mid 2):
Variant a
Write the definitions of decision making, programmed decisions, non-programmed decisions.
Decision making – is the process of identifying problems and opportunities and then resolving them.
Programmed decisions- decision that have been made before and they have certain outcome.
Non-programmed decisions- new, novel, and complex decisions that have never been made before and they have uncertain outcome.
Define Maslow’s hierarchy of needs theory. Give examples for each need.
Hierarchy of needs theory implies that people are motivated by 5 basic human needs:
Physiological needs (air, food, clothes).
Safety needs (needs for safe work, job security).
Social (belongingness) needs (be in good relationships with coworkers, participation in a work group).
Status (esteem) needs (desire for recognition, high status).
Self-actualization (self-expression) needs (opportunity to grow, be creative).
What is the team cohesiveness? Explain the difference between members of highly cohesive team and members of less cohesive team?
Team cohesiveness - extent to which team members are attracted to the team and motivated to remain in it.
Members of highly cohesive teams are committed to team activities, attend meetings, and are happy when the team succeeds.
Members of less cohesive teams are less concerned about team’s welfare.
Write all styles to handle conflict. What is the difference between competing (forcing) and accommodating styles? Give examples.
Styles to handle conflict:
Collaborating style
Competing (forcing) style
Compromising style
Accommodating style
Avoiding style
Competing (forcing) style: when you thinking about own interest without considering other points of view. For example: you want to go to the cinema, but your friend wants to go to the restaurant. In the final result you go to the cinema together.
Accommodating style: is completely sacrificing your interest in order to satisfy the interests of others. The same example, but in the final you go to the restaurant together.
Variant b
What is the difference between intrinsic and extrinsic rewards? Give examples.
Intrinsic reward- satisfaction a person receives in the process of performing a particular action. For example: once you complete the project, it will bring you intrinsic reward, you will be satisfied.
Extrinsic reward- a reward given by another person. For example: if you finish a particular task successfully, a manager can promote you or increase your salary.
Define decision-making steps. Briefly explain one of them.
Decision-making steps:
Identification of the problem or opportunity
Diagnosis and analysis of causes
Development of alternatives
Evaluation and selection of the best alternative
Implementation of the decision
Evaluation and feedback
Evaluation and selection of the best alternative: now you have many solutions, you have to evaluate them and to choose the best alternative. What will be the best alternative? That alternative which best fits organizational goals and achieves the desired result using minimum organization’s resources.