Unit VI metrology

Part A

Word List

available	/q'veIlqbl/	доступный
beneficial	/"benI'fISql/	полезный, выгодный
comparison	/kqm'pxrIsn/	сравнение
competitive	/kqm'petItIv/	соревнующийся
establish	/Is'txblIS/	учреждать, устанавливать
facilitate	/fq'sIlIteIt/	облегчать
humidity	/hju:'mIdItI/	влажность
implementation	/"ImplImen'teISqn/	выполнение
length	/leNT/	длина
limit	/'lImIt/	ограничить
litigation	/"lItI'geISqn/	тяжба
measurement	/'meZqmqnt/	измерение,pl. размеры
metrology	/me'trPlqdZI/	метрология
mole	/mqul/	моль, молекула
precursor	/pri:'kq:sq/	предшественник
recognize	/'rekqgnaIz/	узнавать, признавать
require	/rI'kwaIq/	требовать
sweep	/swi:p/	мести
traceability	/"treIsq'bIlIti/	отслеживаемость
weight	/weIt/	вес
yield	/ji:ld/	приносить, давать, уступать

1. Define the following words as parts of speech and give the initial words of the following derivatives.

Measurement, scientific, quantitatively, qualitatively, acceptance, relatively, metrological, regional, standardized, applied, commonality, available, implementation, acceptance, definition, specification, executive, responsibility.

2. Fill in the gaps with words derived from the words in brackets.

1. The earliest forms of metrology were set up by … (region) authorities.

2. Metrology was necessary for the … (implement) of mass …. (product), … (equip) commonality.

3. Metrology was thus one of the precursors to the … (Industry) Revolution.

4. Many inventions made it easier to … (quantity) or … (quality) assess physical properties.

5. The discovery of many fundamental … (science) principles could be applied to standards of measurement.

6. Metrology was necessary for the … (implement) of mass … (produce).

3. Find words and phrases in the text which mean:

1. the science of measurement;

2. a measure of length that is the basic unit in the metric system;

3. a unit of measurement of molecular weight;

4. the act of measuring or the process of being measured;

5. an arrangement of workers, machines and equipment in which the product being assembled passes from operation to operation until completed;

6. completeness of the information about every step in a process chain;

7. the base unit of mass equal to 1.000 grams;

8. ancient times.

4. Translate the following sentences paying attention to the words in bold type.

1. The earliest examples of these standardized measures are length, time, and weight.

2. Many inventions made it easier to quantitatively or qualitatively assess physical properties, using the defined units of measurement established by science.

3. Metrology was thus one of the precursors to the Industrial Revolution.

4. This system has gained unprecedented worldwide acceptance as definitions and standards of modern measurement units.

5. These units are then established and maintained through various agencies in each country, and establish a hierarchy of measurement standards that can be traced back to the established standard unit, a concept known as metrological traceability.

5. Read the text and name the key points raised in it.