Final examination (Answers to management)
1.Мanagement and functions of management. Level 3
Management is the attainment of organizational goals in an effective and efficient manner through planning, organizing, leading, and controlling organizational resources.
The Four Management Functions
Planning. Identifying goals and resources or future organizational performance.
Organizing. Assigning tasks, delegating authority and allocating resources.
Leading. The use of influence to motivate employees to achieve goals.
Controlling. Monitoring activities and taking corrective action when needed.
2.Managers and types of managers. Level 3
What is it Like to Be a Manager?
The manager’s job is diverse
Managerial tasks can be characterized into characteristics and roles
Managers are responsible for different departments,work at different levels in the hierarchy and meet different requirements for achieving high performance.They use conceptual,human and technical skills to perform the 4 management functions in all organizations.
In organizations,there are typically 3 levels of management:
Top-level managers
Middle-level managers
First-line manager
Vertical Differences
Top Managers
Middle Managers
First-Line Managers
Horizontal Differences
Functional departments like advertising, manufacturing, sales
Include both line and staff functions
1)Top managers are managers who are responsible for the entire organization.(also called senior management or executives)They make decisions affecting the eentirety of the firm,do not direct the day-to-day activities of the firm;rather set goals for the organization and direct the company to achieve them.
2)Middle managers are managers who are responsible for the work of major divisions and departments.They carrying out the goals set by the top management.They do it by setting goals for their departments and other business units .
Functional middle managers- manager who is responsible for the department that perform a single functional task and has employees with similar training and skills.It maybe the head of department.
General middle managers- manager who is responsible for several departments or divisions that perform different functions.It maybe the head of division.
3)First-line mangers are managers who are directly responsible for the production of goods and services and non-management employees,they are in charge of the daily management of line workers.
3.Management roles and management skills. The skills needed at different management levels. Level 2
Today’s environment is diverse, dynamic and ever-changing.Organizations need managers who can build networks and pull people together in order to manage their deal in effective and efficient way via 4 functions of management. A manager’s job is complex and multidimensional and require range of skills. There are 3 common types of skills:conceptual,human and technical.
Conceptual Skills – manager’s ability to see the organization as a whole system in the long run.(it’s crucial for top managers)
Human(interpersonal) Skills – the ability to work with and through other people,to establish human relations.(it’s critical at all levels of management)
Technical Skills – the understanding and proficiency in the performance of specific tasks.(First-line managers need this type of skills in a greater extent)
Relationship of Skills to Management
