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At an elevation of 29,028 feet (8,848 metres) above sea level, Mount Everest is the world’s tallest mountain. Mount Everest is relatively young, having been forihed only 60 million years ago, and it is still growing a few millimetres every year! Mount Everest is in the mountain range called the Himalayas. The summit ridge of Mount Everest separates Nepal and Tibet. Each place has a special name for this giant mountain. The Nepalese name is Sagarmatha, which means “goddess of the sky”. The Tibetan name is Chomolungma, which means “mother goddess of the universe”. In English, Mount Everest is named after Sir George Everest, the first person to record the height and location of the mountain. A climb to the summit was attempted by George Mallory in 1922, who famously gave his reason for wanting to climb Everest as “because it’s there”. He attempted to reach the summit again in the company of Andrew Irvine in 1924, but on this trip both climbers disappeared. The first successful ascent (and descent) of Mount Everest was accomplished by Sir Edmund Hillary and Tenzing Norgay on May 29^th, 1953. The first ascent by a wo­man was on May 16^th, 1975, by JunkoTabei from Japan. Between 1921 and 2007, over two thousand people have climbed Mount Everest, some more than once. Since the first ascent in 1953, more than 600 climbers from 20 different countries have reached the summit. However, over two hundred climbers have died attempting to climb Mount Everest, most commonly from avalanches, but also from falls in crevasses, cold, or high-altitude sick­nesses.

1. How high is Mount Everest?

A 8,848 feet В 29,028 metres C 29,028 feet D 8,848 metres

2. In what way does Mount Everest change annually?

A It is shrinking a very small amount.

B It is getting a little wider.

C It is shifting slightly to the north.

D It is growing a very small amount taller.

3. Mount Everest is in the mountain range called the _________________.

A Rocky Mountains B Andes C Himalayas D Alps

4. Who wanted to climb Mount Everest “because it’s there”?

A George Mallory B Edmund Hillary C Tenzing Norgay D Junko Tabei

5. The first team to successfully reach the summit was ________________.

A George Mallory and Andrew Irvine

B Edmund Hillary and Tenzing Norgay

C George Mallory and Edmund Hillary

D Tenzing Norgay and Andrew Irvine

6. Since 1953, how many people have reached the summit?

A about 20 B fewer than 600 C exactly 600 D more than 600

EXAMINATION CARD № 8

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Leonardo da Vinci was born in 1452 in the area of Florence, Italy. He did many things. He was a scientist. He was an inventor - he made new things. He was a- musician and a mathematician. He was an architect - he knew how to plan the construction of buildings. He knew about animals and plants. He could do many things well. He was very talented. He was famous for his painting. He painted The Mona Lisa and The Last Supper which are his most famous paintings. Many people know about them. He started working on The Last Supper in 1495 in Milan. He finished it in 1498. He started working on The Mona Lisa in 1503 in Italy. He finished it a short time before he died. It is now in France.

Leonardo’s paintings were very good. He understood how bodies worked. He knew how happy or sad people looked. He knew how emotion looked on people’s faces. He understood nature, light, and shadow. His paintings looked real. Leonardo had many ideas for inven­tions. He drew plans for a helicopter and a tank. He had an idea for a calculator and for making solar power, which is power that comes from the sun. Leonardo lived at the same time as Michelangelo and Raphael. He was 27 years older than Michelangelo and 31 years older than Raphael.

Leonardo da Vinci died in 1519.

1. When did Leonardo start The Mona Lisa?

A 1495

B 1498

C 1503

D 1519

2. Where is The Mona Lisa now?

A In Florence

B In France

C In Milan

D None of the above

3. What was one of Leonardo’s talents?

A He could dance.

B He was a pilot.

C He could cook.

D He knew maths.

4. What was one of Leonardo’s ideas?

A He drew plans for a helicopter.

B He made drawings of a TV.

C He got power from plants.

D He built a zoo.

5. Leonardo was 27 years older than...

A Raphael.

B Aristotle.

C Socrates.

D Michelangelo

EXAMINATION CARD № 9