Стандартные электродные потенциалы некоторых систем в водных растворах

Элемент

Сравнение процесса

Е⁰,В

Ag

Ag+ e=Ag

Ag₂O+2H+2_e=2Ag + H₂O

0.799

1.173

Al

AlO₂^-+2 H₂O+3_e=Al+4OH

Al³+3_e=Al

-2.35

-1.663

As

AsO₄^3-+3 H₂O+3_e=As+6OH

H₃AsOH+2H+2_e=HAsO₂+2 H₂O

AsO₄^3-+8H⁺+5_e=As+4 H₂O

-1.572

0.56

0.648

Au

Au³⁺+3_e=Au

Au⁺+_e=Au

1.458

1.692

Ba

Ba ²⁺+2_e=Ba

-2.905

Be

Be²⁺+2_e=Be

-1.847

Bi

Bi³⁺+3_e=Bi

BiO⁺+2H+3_e=Bi+ H₂O

0.215

0.32

Br

BrO+ H₂O+2_e=Br^-+2OH^-

Br₂+2_e=2Br

BrO₃^-+6H+6_e=Br^-+3 H₂O

2 BrO₃^-+12H+10_e=Br₂+6 H₂O

BrO₄^-+2H+2_e= BrO₃^-+ H₂O

0.76

1.065

1.44

1.52

1.88

C

2CO₂+2H+2_e= H₂ C₂O₄

CO₂+2H+2_e=CO+ H₂O

CO₃^2-+6H+4_e=C+3 H₂O

-0.49

-0.12

0.475

Ca

Ca²⁺+2_e=Ca

-2.866

Cd

Cd²⁺+2_e=Cd

-0.403

Ce

Ce³⁺+3_e=Ce

Ce⁴⁺+_e= Ce³⁺

-2.48

1.61

Cl

2ClO^-+2 H₂O+2_e=Cl₂+4OH^-

ClO₄^-+4 H₂O+8_e=Cl^-+8OH^-

ClO₃^-+3 H₂O+6_e=Cl^-+6OH^-

ClO^-+ H₂O+2_e=Cl₂+2OH^-

Cl₂+2_e=2Cl^-

ClO₄^-+8H+8_e=Cl+4 H₂O

ClO₃^-+6H+6_e=Cl+3 H₂O

2 ClO₃^-+12H+10_e= Cl₂+6 H₂O

HClO+H⁺+2_e=Cl+ H₂O

0.40

0.56

0.63

0.88

1.359

1.38

1.451

1.47

1.497

Co

Co²⁺+2_e=Co

Co³⁺+3_e=Co

Co³⁺+_e=Co²⁺

-0.277

0.33

1.808

Cr

Cr ²⁺+2_e=Cr

Cr ³⁺+3_e=Cr

Cr ³⁺+_e=Cr²⁺

CrO₄^2-+4 H₂O+3_e=Cr(OH)₃+5OH

Cr₂O₇^2-+14H+6_e=2 Cr ³⁺+7 H₂O

CrO₄^2-+8H+3_e=Cr³⁺+4 H₂O

-0.913

-0.744

-0.407

-0.13

1.333

1.477

Cu

Cu²⁺+_e=Cu⁺

Cu²⁺+2_e=Cu

Cu²⁺+_e=Cu

0.153

0.337

0.52

F

F₂+2_e=2F^-

2.87

Fe

Fe(OH)₃+_e=Fe(OH)₂+OH

Fe²⁺+2_e=Fe

Fe³⁺+3_e=Fe

Fe³⁺+_e=Fe²⁺

-0.53

-0.440

-0.037

0.771

H

H₂+2_e=2H⁺

2 H₂O+2_e= H₂+2OH

2H⁺+2_e= H₂O

-2.251

-0.828

0.000

Hg

Hg²⁺+2_e=Hg

0.850

I

2IO₃+6 H₂O+10_e=I₂+12OH^-

I₂+2_e=2I^-

2IO₃^-+12H+10_e= I₂+ 6H₂O

HIO+2H⁺+2_e= I₂+2 H₂O

0.21

0.536

1.19

1.45

Ir

Ir ³⁺+3_e=Ir

1.15

K

K+ _e=K

-2.924

Li

Li+ _e=Li

-3.045

Mg

Mg²⁺+2_e=Mg

-2.363

Mn

Mn²⁺+2_e=Mn

MnO₄^-+ _e=MnO₄^2-

MnO₄^-+2 H₂O+3_e= MnO₂+4OH

MnO₂+4H⁺+2_e= Mn²⁺+2 H₂O

MnO₄+8H⁺+5_e= Mn²⁺+4 H₂O

Mn³⁺+_e=Mn²⁺

-1.179

0.564

0.60

1.22

1.507

1.509

Mo

Mo³⁺+3_e=Mo

-0.200

N

NO₂^-+ H₂O+ _e=NO+2OH^-

NO₃^-+ 2H₂O+_3e=NO+4OH^-

NO₃^-+2H+ _e=NO₂+ H₂O

NO₃^-+10H+ _8e=NH₄+3 H₂O

NO₃^-+4H+3_e= NO+ H₂O

HNO₂+H++ _e=NO+ H₂O

-0.46

-0.14

0.78

0.87

0.957

0.99

Na

Na⁺+ _e=Na

-2.714

Ni

Ni²⁺+2_e=Ni

Ni(OH)₃+ _e= Ni(OH)₂+OH

-2.50

0.49

O

O₂+2 H₂O+4_e=4OH^-

O₂+2H+2_e= H₂O₂

O₂+4H+4_e= 2H₂O

H₂O₂+2H+2_e= 2H₂O

O₃+2H+2_e= O₂+H₂O

0.401

0.682

1.228

1.776

2.076

P

P+3H₂O+3_e=PH₃+3OH

H₃PO₄+4H+4_e= H₃PO₂+2H₂O

H₃PO₄+5H+5_e=P+4H₂O

H₃PO₄+2H+2_e= H₃PO₄+ H₂O

-0.89

-0.39

-0.383

-0.276

Pb

Pb²⁺+2_e=Pb

Pb⁴⁺+2_e=Pb²⁺

-0.126

1.694

Pt

Pt ²⁺+2_e=Pt

1.188

Re

Re³⁺+3_e=Re

0.3

S

SO₄^2-+ H₂O+2_e= SO₃^2-+2OH

SO₄^2-+ 4H₂O+6_e=S+8OH

S+2_e=S^2-

SO₄^2-+8H+8_e= S^2-+4 H₂O

SO₄^2-+4H+2_e=SO_2(г)+2 H₂O

S+2H+2_e= H₂S

SO₄^2-+10H+8_e= H₂S+4 H₂O

SO₄^2-+8H+6_e=S+4 H₂O

SO_2(p)+4H+4_e= S+4 H₂O

-0.93

-0.75

-0.48

0.149

0.159

0.171

0.357

0.357

0.450

Sb

SbO₂^-+2 H₂O+3_e=Sb+4OH

SbO₂^-+4H+3_e=Sb+2 H₂O

-0.675

0.446

Se

Se+2_e=Se^2-

Se+2H+2_e= H₂ Se

SeO₃^2-+3 H₂O+4_e= Se+6OH

SeO₄^2-+4 H₂O+6_e=Se+8OH

SeO₄^2-+H₂O+2_e=SeO₃^2-+2OH^-

H₂ SeO₃+4H+4_e=Se+3 H₂O

SeO₄^2-+4H+2_e= H₂ SeO₃₎+ H₂O

-0.92

-0.40

-0.366

-0.228

0.05

0.741

1.15

Si

SiO₃^2-+3 H₂O+4_e=Si+6OH

SiO₃^2-+6H+4_e= Si+3 H₂O

-1.7

-0.4555

Sn

Sn²⁺+2_e=Sn

Sn⁴⁺+4_e=Sn

Sn⁴⁺+2_e=Sn²⁺

-0.136

0.01

0.151

Tc

Tc²⁺+2_e=Tc

TcO₄^-+8H+5_e= Tc²⁺+4H₂O

0.4

0.5

Te

TeO₂+4H+4_e=Te+2 H₂O

0.529

Ti

Ti²⁺+2_e=Ti

Ti³⁺+3_e=Ti

Ti³⁺+_e=Ti²⁺

TiO₂+4H+ _e= Ti³⁺+2 H₂O

TiO₂+H+ _e= Ti³⁺+H₂O

-1.630

-1.23

-0.37

-0.666

0.1

Tl

Tl⁺+_e=Tl

Tl(OH)₃+2_e=TlOH+2OH

TlOH+H⁺+_e=Tl+ H₂O

Tl³⁺+2_e=Tl⁺

-0.336

-0.05

0.778

1.25

V

V²⁺+2_e=V

V³⁺+3_e=V

V³⁺+_e=V²⁺

VO²⁺+2H+ _e= V³⁺+ H₂O

V₂O₅+6H+2_e= VO²⁺+3 H₂O

-1.175

-0.255

-0.255

0.337

0.958

W

WO₄^2-+4 H₂O+6_e=W+6OH

WO₄^2-+8H+6_e=W+4 H₂O

-1.05

0.05

Zn

Zn²⁺+2_e=Zn

ZnO₂^2-+2 H₂O+2_e=Zn+4OH

-0.763

-1.216