Vocabulary:

cuisine – кухня to stew – тушити filling (stuffing) – начинка

pancake – млинець to boil – варити porridge – каша

sour cream – сметана to fry – смажити buckwheat – гречка

pork – свинина to bake – пекти semolina – манка

bun (roll) – булочка to serve – подавати pumpkin – гарбуз

Exercise I. Put the words into the right columns:

floury dishes	meat dishes	milk dishes	drinks

Kefir, galushku, beer, krucheniki, uzvar, varenuku, kvas, goose with apples, ryazhanka, pancakes, bytky, juice, stuffed duck, pampushku, compote, sausages, yoghurt.

Exercise II. Guess the dish by its description:

• … is a vegetable soup made out of beets, cabbage, potatoes, tomatoes, carrots, onions, garlic, dill, sometimes green pepper, served with sour cream.

• … soup with pickles.

• … fish soup, made of fresh-water fish, usually carp.

• … salad is made of cooked and chopped potatoes, dill pickles, broiled chopped eggs, cooked and chopped ham, chopped onions, canned peas, mixed with mayonnaise.

• … traditional rich Easter bread. It is shaped in a short round form. The top of the … is decorated with typical Easter symbols, such as roses or crosses.

• … a round bread, similar to the kolach. It is most often baked for weddings and its top decorated with birds and periwinkle.

• … type of dinner roll. It is covered with minced garlic, fresh herbs and oil. Served with soups such as borsch.

• … small pastries made with fillings such as mashed potatoes and fried onions, ground meat and fried onions, liver and fried onions, fried cabbage with fried onions, cherries, strawberries. Served with sour cream and butter or sugar when filled with fruits.

• … are cabbage rolls. The filling is mainly rice with meat.

• … young or peeled, served with butter, sour cream, dill.

• … salted (or raw) pork’s fat.

• … minced meat or fish mixed with eggs, onions, garlic, breadcrumbs and milk, fried in oil and sometimes rolled in breadcrumbs.

• … potato pancakes, usually served with rich servings of sour cream.

• … fried cheese pancakes, served with sour cream, jam, honey, or apple sauce.

• … traditional Christmas dish, made of poppy seeds, wheat, nuts, honey, and delicacies.

• … a sweet drink made of dried or fresh fruits or berries boiled in water.

• … milk fermented by both yeast and lactobacillus bacteria and having a similar taste to yoghurt.

Topic 14. British Cuisine Food and Meals

There are four meals a day in an English home: breakfast, lunch, tea, and dinner.

Breakfast is the first meal of the day. It is at about 8 o'clock in the morning, and consists of porridge with milk and salt or sugar, boiled or fried eggs, bacon or sausages, bread and butter with marmalade or jam. Some people like to drink tea, but others prefer coffee. Instead of porridge they may have fruit juice, or they may prefer biscuits.

The usual time for lunch is 1 o'clock. This meal starts with soup or fruit juice. Then follows some meat with potatoes – boiled or fried, carrots and beans. Then a pudding comes. Instead of the pudding they may prefer cheese and biscuits. Last of all coffee – black or white. Englishmen often drink something at lunch. Water is usually on the table. Some prefer juice or lemonade.

Tea is the third meal of the day. It is between 4 or 5 o'clock, the so-called “5 o'clock tea”. On the table there is tea, milk or cream, sugar, bread and butter, cakes and jam. Friends and visitors are often present at tea.

Dinner is the fourth meal of the day. The usual time is about 7 o'clock, and all the members of the family sit down together. The first course is soup. The main course consists of fish or meat with vegetables (potatoes, green beans, carrot and cabbage). Then people eat sweet pudding, fruit salad, ice-cream or cheese and biscuits. Then after a talk they have black or white coffee.

This is the order of meals of English families. But most of the people in the towns, and almost all the people in the villages have dinner in the middle of the day instead of lunch. They have tea a little later – between 5 and 6 o'clock, and then in the evening, before going to bed, they have supper.

The British people also like to eat delicious food from other countries, for example, French, Italian, Indian and Chinese food. Modern people are so busy that they do not have much time for cooking themselves. So, people go to the restaurants to eat or they buy food at the restaurant and bring it home to eat.

Vocabulary: porridge – каша beans – боби pudding – пудинг

boiled – варений cabbage – капуста cream – вершки

fried – смажений cheese – сир consists of – складається з

juice – сік bread – хліб the first course – перше

carrot – морква butter – масло the main course – друге