Тексты для чтения по направлению подготовки бакалавров

280100- «Природообустройство и водопользование»

TEXT 1

Pollution

Man has been trying to make his life easier for many centuries. In doing so, he invented machines and instruments. They have been working - and polluting the world we live in. One of the most important pollution problems is in the oceans. Many ships sail in the ocean water - fishing ships, some ships carrying people, some carrying oil. If a ship loses some of the oil in the water, or trash from the ships is put into the ocean, the water becomes dirty. Many birds and fish die because of the polluted water. Many fish are dying in the sea, others are getting contaminated. Fishermen catch contaminated fish which may be sold in markets and people may get sick from eating them. Fish may also move to another part of the ocean. Lakes and rivers are getting polluted, too. Some beaches are considered dangerous for swimming.

The second important problem is air pollution. Cars and factories pollute the air we use. It also destroys the ozone layer which protects the Earth from the dangerous light of the Sun.

Another problem is that our forests are dying from acid rain. This, in turn, affects the balance of nature. If we want our children to live in the same world we live in, or in a better and healthier world, we must learn to protect the water, the air and the earth from pollution.

Задания к тексту 1

1. Запомните значения ключевых слов: century – век, to invent – изобретать, polluting – загрязнение, oil – нефть, fishermen – рыбаки, beaches – берега, ozone layer – озоновый слой, destroy – to разрушать.

2. Определите значение следующих слов, не пользуясь словарем: problem, factories, markets, ocean, machines and instruments.

3. Переведите текст со словарем.

4. Назовите английские эквиваленты следующих слов и словосочетаний: изобретать; нефть; загрязнять; болеть; опасный; озоновый слой; влиять; поражать; защищать.

5. Заполните пропуски соответствующими словами и словосочетаниями: machines, oil, die, instruments, move.

a)…… and …….have been working and polluting the world we live in.

b) The oceans become dirty if a ship loses some ….. into the water.

c) Many fish ……others …… to another part of the ocean.

TEXT 2

Britain rains

Though Great Britain is a very rainy country there are some people in England who want more rain. Two or three weeks without rain and they have water problems, as it was in summer in 1976. And people said that they had no climate in England only weather. The fact is that the rain falls in the wrong place; then in England there were no good enough reservoirs to keep water for rain in rainless period and partly people used much more water then they need. It is in the drier South-East England and Midlands. Most of Britain rains fall in Wales and Scotland, so people must keep this water from other parts of the country. For example, the second largest city in England, Birmingham, gets all its water from North Wales. But the reservoirs are now a hundred years and need to be much larger.

Much water, enough for the whole of London is lost every day uselessly.

The answer to the problem isn’t simple. First, scientists must find, a way of keeping the water in the rivers, lakes and seas clean. Factories needn’t use the water so much; they have to reuse the water, and study new ways of using water from the sea.