III. Training exercises. Упражнения на повторение и закрепление материала.

Задание 1. Порядок выполнения задания. Прочитайте текст о среднем профессиональном образовании “Vocational Colleges” и выполните задания на соотнесение вопросов с предполагаемыми ответами, и дайте ответы на поставленные вопросы.

Contrary to popular belief, vocational colleges aren’t just for students who couldn’t get into university. Students attend vocational colleges for a number of reasons, including getting some practical skills or experience before going to university. For many people it is a good two-year long alternative to longer higher education programmes.

Whereas in universities the education concentrates more on theory and abstract knowledge, in vocational colleges the education usually prepares learners for careers that are traditionally non-academic. In other words, it is directly related to a specific occupation or vocation, and students develop expertise in a particular technique or learn some practical skills.

Till the end of the twentieth century, vocational education focused more on specific trades, such as automobile mechanics or welding, and was therefore associated with the activities of lower social classes. But the situation has changed. Now vocational education exists in industries such as retail, tourism, information technology and cosmetics.

In fact, a lot of famous people studied in colleges before they rose to tops of their fields. Can you name any of these people? Do you know their story?

1).Match the answers and the questions.

1 Who can enroll in a vocational college?	Oh, that’s not so easy. We have so many different students from school-leavers to professionals with graduate degrees.
2 Are there entrance exams?	Many feels they might become more employable if they get additional qualifications.
3 Describe a typical student of the college.	Actually, we’ve got an “open admissions” policy which means we don’t have exams, only an interview before the start of course.
4 Why do university graduates come to the college?	Anyone who’s got a secondary school certificate.

2). Answer these questions: To enroll at university or vocational college, would you rather have an interview or an entrance exam? How does an interview differ from an entrance exam? Why do people get nervous before entrance exams? What educational institutions have an “open admission” policy in Russia? Why do additional qualifications make a person more employable?

Who are some of the university graduates you know? What kind of professional careers have they made? Where can you get a vocational education? Are there any entrance exams? What are the minimum entrance requirements? Who studies there? How long is the course? What qualifications are given at the end of the course? What types of programmes are there?

Задание 2. Порядок выполнения задания. Работая в парах, обсудите преимущество и недостатки обучения в среднем профессиональном заведении и в высшем учебном учреждении. Запишите в таблицу ключевые фразы.

Discuss advantages and disadvantages of studying at a vocational college or university. Make notes of your discussion and write them down into the table.

Vocabulary

There are fewer/ not as many arguments for… than against…; you can’t compare… to…because…; …is much more serious/shorter than…; …is not as…as; …are as …as; …is less important than…; there are…whereas/while…there are…

University	Vocational college
Provides better job opportunities Gives more prestigious qualifications Secures hiring preference for university graduates	Is easier to enter Has shorter courses ….

Задание 3. Порядок выполнения задания. Прочитайте текст об образовании в Великобритании и США. Заполните в таблицах внизу недостающие фразы из текста. Составьте подобную таблицу об образовательной системе в нашей стране. Объясните, чем наша система образования отличается от систем в Соединенном Королевстве Великобритании и Северной Ирландии и в США.

The education system of the UK and the USA

USA

There is no single educational system in the USA; each of the 50 states has its own system.

In most states, however, children go to school from about the age of six until at least age sixteen. Each year of school is called a grade, and in order to graduate, all American students must successfully complete 12^th Grade. In a typical case, a student attends seven years of primary education, which is often divided into four years of Elementary school (Grades 1-4) and three years of Middle school (Grades 5-7). This is followed by secondary school, split into Junior High (Grades 8-9) and Senior High (Grades 10-12). After finishing Senior High, graduating students receive the High School Diploma. If they choose to, they can then go on to higher education at college or university.

UK

In the UK, all children must go to school from age five to age sixteen. They go to primary school for seven years and secondary school for five years. Primary school may be divided into Infant school (three years) and Junior school (four years). There are different kinds of secondary school, but all pupils follow the same national curriculum that leads to GCSE (General Certificate of Secondary Education) qualifications. After age 16, British students can choose to leave school, or – if their GCSE results are good enough-they can go on to attend Sixth Form for a further two years. At the end of this time, they sit «A» (Advanced) Level exams to qualify for entry to college or university.

• Which of the tables do you think represents: a) the British education system, b) the American system?

• Read the text and fill in the missing words/ages in the tables.

• Make a similar table about the education system in your country.

• In what ways is it similar/different it the education systems in the UK and the USA?

• Discuss in groups.

Таблица 1.

Age School Level

6-9 (?)

10-12 Middle Primary

13- ? Junior High

(?) -17 Senior High (?)

H…. S….. D… (?)

17+ college/university Higher education

Таблица 2.

Age School Level

(?) -7 Infant

8-11 (?) (?)

12-16 High Secondary

General Certificate of Secondary Education

17-18 (?) Further

Advanced Level

18+ … (?) Higher education

Ответ (задание 2): Таблица 1: elementary; 13-14; 15-17; secondary; High School Diploma, Higher Education. Таблица 2: 5-7; Junior; Primary; Sixth form; College/University.

Задание 4. Порядок выполнения задания. Ответьте на поставленные вопросы и скажите, к какому типу обучающихся вы бы отнесли себя. Назовите ваши любимые предметы и объясните почему.

What type of learner are you? Answer the questions:

What helps you remember something?

• seeing/reading/hearing

In class do you prefer

• taking notes/doing activities/listening to the teacher?

What helps you understand something?

• thinking about it/acting it out/talking about it

Which method of learning do you find most useful?

• watching video/exploring a subject yourself/discussing the subject

Which is/was your most favourite subject? Why? Give reasons.