IV. Многофункциональность грамматических окончаний

Окончание	Грамматическая	Пример
	функция
- s	1) мн. числа	books
	существительного,
	2) (‘s)	father's books
	притяжательного
	падежа
	существительного,
	3) 3-го лица ед. ч.
	глагола в форме	He speaks English
	наст. времени
	(Simple Present)
-ег	1) окончания им.	Long-longer
	прилагательного в
	сравнительной
	степени,
	2) суффикса	Teacher
	существительного
-ed	Глагола: 1) Simple	He translated the text.
	Past,
	2) Participle II	The translated text is
	(причастия	over there.
	прошедшего времени)
-ing	1) причастия	A reading student.
	настоящего
	времени (Participle I) 2) герундия (Gerund)
		He stopped reading.
	3) отглагольного	The reading of the book
	существительного	took a lot of time.
	(Verbal noun)

LESSON ONE

UNIT 1

• имя существительное; множественное число

• выражение падежных окончаний с помощью предлогов и окончания –‘s

• обороты there is, there are

• text “In the office”

WORKING ON THE TEXT

IN THE OFFICE

It is Mr. Bell. He is a company manager. It is his office in London. The office is not large. Mr. Bell is in the office. He is at the desk. It is his telephone. It is white. The telephone is on the desk. It’s a file cabinet. It’s black.

It’s Nancy. Nancy is a secretary. She is a good secretary and nice woman.

Bell: What is it, Nancy?

Nancy: It’s an offer, Mr. Bell.

Bell: Whose is it?

Nancy: It’s an offer from Rossexport.

Bell: And where is the contract with GML?

Nancy: It’s on my desk.

Words you may need:

cabinet – шкаф

a file cabinet – шкаф для документов

GML – General Machines Limited –название компании

GRAMMAR EXERCISES

Exercise 1. Образуйте множественное число от следующих существитель­ных.

bed, classroom, friend, name, pencil, table, book, cat, desk, diplomat, hat, map, student, day, pie, tie, factory, picture, teacher, shelf, child, woman, man, spoon

Exercise 2. Прочитайте следующие предложения и переведите их.

1. These are notebooks. These are thin notebooks. They're thin. 2. Those are cups. Those are blue cups. They're blue. 3. These are apples. These are green apples. They are green. 4. Those are pictures. Those are good pictures. They're good. 5. These are shelves. These are brown shelves. They're brown. 6. Those are coats. Those are grey coats. They're grey.

Exercise 3. Напишите следующие предложения во множественном числе.

1. This is a child. 2. That is a man. 3. This is his notebook. 4. That coat is blue. 5. That classroom is large. 7. This desk is brown.

Exercise 4. Напишите следующие предложения в единственном числе.

1. Those are pictures. 2. Those are good pictures. 3. They're good. 4. These are shelves. 5. These are brown shelves. 6. They're brown. 7. Those are coats. 8. Those are grey coats. 9. They're grey.

Exercise 5. Измените предложения по следующему образцу.

This is a thick notebook.

These are thick notebooks.

1. This is a blue plate. 2. That's match. 3. This is a brown shelf. 4. That's glass. 5. This is a large factory. 6. That's an easy text. 7. That's a good textbook. 8. This is a grey hat. 9. That's a blackboard. 10. That's a spoon.

Exercise 6. Напишите следующие предложения во множественном числе.

1. This is my son’s letter. 2. This is the engineer’s desk. 3. This is the economist’s room. 4.This is our secretary’s notebook. 5. This is my child’s room. 6. This is Nancy’s letter. 7. This is my daughter’s handbag. 8. This is the manager’s office. 9. This is Mr. Lavrov’s computer.

Exercise 7. Напишите следующие предложения в единственном числе.

1.These are my sons’ letters. 2. These are my children’s rooms. 3. These are our secretaries’ books. 4. These are the engineers’ desks. 5. These are my daughters’ copybooks. 6. These are the economists’ offices.

Exercise 8. Поставьте нужную форму глагола “has got” or “have got”. Выпишите предложения с существительным в притяжательном падеже.

Lavrov and his wife (have got, has got) two children – a son and a daughter. They (have got, has got) a three-room flat in Moscow. The flat (have got, has got) a sitting-room, a bedroom, a children’s room, a large kitchen and a bathroom. They (have got, has got) a sofa, a small table and two armchairs in the sitting-room. The sofa is red and the armchairs are red too.

Their daughter (have got, has got) a nice brown desk. It is in the children’s room. Their son (haven’t got, hasn’t got) a desk. He is very small.

Exercise 9. Напишите следующие предложения во множественном числе.

1. This is a long letter.2. That is a green pencil. 3. What colour is this sofa? 4. What is your friend's name? 5. I am a student from Russia. 6. What is that woman's job? 7. Where is the child now? 8. That sofa is green. 9. Here is the businessman's offer.

UNIT 2

• простое распространенное предложение;

• вопросительные предложения: общий, специальный, альтернативный, разделительный вопросы;

• отрицательные предложения

• text “At the Trade Delegation”

WORKING ON THE TEXT

AT THE RUSSIAN TRADE DELEGATION

This is Mr. Voronin. He is an engineer of the Ministry of Trade. The engineers of the Ministry often go to different countries to do business with foreign companies. Now Mr. Voronin is in London. He works at the Russian Trade Delegation. Mr. Voronin is usually very busy. He has got much work to do every day. His office hours begin at 8.30. In the morning he looks through Russian and English newspapers and journals. He is interested in the latest political and business events. During the day Mr. Voronin works on the computer, meets English businessmen and discusses with them prices for different goods, terms of payment, shipment and delivery. Sometimes he discusses business matters on the phone. Together with Russian inspectors he often goes to plants in and outside London. Now you see Mr. Voronin in his office at the Russian Trade Delegation in High-gate¹. It's 2 o'clock in the afternoon. He is looking through the mail. He usu­ally receives a lot of mail, but today he has got few letters and telexes on his desk. He is reading a letter. It is an en­quiry for telephone equipment from his company. Mr. Voronin knows Blake&Co. are selling² a new model of this equipment. He is going to phone Mr. Вlakе, the manager of the company.

Now Mr. Voronin is making the appointment on the phone with Mr. Blake, the manager of the company.

Secretary: Blake&Co. Good morning!

Voronin: Good morning! This is Voronin of the Russian Trade Delegation. I'd like to speak to Mr Blake.

Secretary: Just a moment³, please. You are through⁴.

Blake: Blake speaking⁵.

Voronin: Good morning, Mr. Blake. I've got an enquiry for telephone equipment from my company. We are interested in your new model. I'd like to have your latest catalogues and quotation. Could I meet you at our Trade Delegation on Monday?

Blake: Sorry, I'm very busy on Monday. How about Wednesday morning at ten o'clock?

Voronin: Good. See you on Wednesday⁷. Good-bye!

Notes:

1. Highgate — Хайгейт (район в Лондоне, где находится торговое представительство России)

2. Blake&Co. are selling — с названием фирм типа Blake&Co., Вrown&Sons глагол употребляется как в единственном, так и во множественном числе

3. Just a moment — (разг.) одну минуту

4. You are through. — Говорите. (Я Вас соединила.)

5. Blake speaking. — Говорит Блейк. (фраза, употребляемая в разговоре по телефону)

6. Could I meet you on Monday? — He мог бы я встретиться с Вами в понедельник?

7. see you on Wednesday — до среды; увидимся в среду

Words you may need:

office hours – рабочий день

look through – просматривать

prices - цены

goods - товары

terms of payment – условия платежа

shipment - отгрузка

delivery - поставка

business matters – деловые вопросы

on the phone – по телефону

plant - завод

inspector - приемщик

equipment - оборудование

an en­quiry - запрос

appointment – встреча

GRAMMAR EXERCISES

Exercise 1. Задайте общий вопрос и ответьте на него.

Образец: Are those cups?

Yes, they are.

No, they aren't.

a fork, a glass, large classrooms, a lamp, brown hats, green walls, a white shelf, a large factory

Exercise 2. Возразите по образцу.

These coats are blue. (dark blue)

Oh, no. They aren't blue. They are dark blue.

1. These hats are grey, (black) 2. Those textbooks are old, (new) 3. These notebooks are thick, (thin) 4. Those matches are bad. (good) 5. Those shelves are yellow, (brown) 6. These maps are old. (new) 7. Those children are bad. (nice) 8. Those plates are green, (grey). 9. Those blackboards are yellow, (brown)

Exercise 3. Задайте общий вопрос и ответьте на него.

His friends are students. (No)

Are his friends students? No, they aren't. They aren't students.

1. His friends are teachers. (Yes) 2. They are students. (No) 3. He is a teacher. (Yes) 4. She is a teacher. (No) 5. They are teachers. (No) 6. These men are teachers. (Yes) 7. Those women are teachers. (No)

Exercise 4. Задайте общий вопрос и ответьте на него.

1. These pictures are nice. 2. Those books are old. 3. These maps are new. 4. These walls are dark green. 5. Those factories are large. 6. These cups are red. 7. Those hats are dark blue. 8. His children are nice.

Exercise 5. Задайте общий и специальный вопросы.

1. to work at Rossexport (Mr. Lavrov);

2. to translate letters from Russian into English (You);

3. to discuss a lot of problems at the talks (Your engineers);

4. to speak English to customers (Your President);

5. to have got a nice flat in London (Nancy);

6. to be tired after his work (Mr. Bell).

Exercise 6. Ответьте на вопросы.

1. Do you learn a foreign language?

2. How often do you have English lessons?

3.Is it difficult for you to learn English?

Exercise 7. Задайте специальные вопросы.

What are these? These (they) are pencils.

What are those? Those (they) are pencils too.

cups, plates, knives, forks, pictures, desks, spoons, shelves, matches

Exercise 8. Ответьте на вопросы используя данные слова.

1.What's this? (a hat, a fork, a knife, a picture, a tie, a cat) 2. What are those? (knives, glasses, matches, coats, factories, ties, shelves) 3. Who's he? (a student, a teacher) 4. Who are they? (students, teachers) 5. What's his name? (Jim, Bill, Ben) 6. What colour's the cup? (blue, dark blue, red, yellow, dark brown) 7. What colour's his coat? (green, dark green, dark blue, grey, black, brown, dark brown) 8. What colour are the shelves? (white, brown, dark blue, green, grey).

Exercise 9. Задайте вопросы.

1. The plates are white. 2. These are green glasses. 3. She is a teacher. 4. His name is Jim. 5. It’s ten o’clock. 6. My son is six.

Exercise 10. Make up 15 questions, beginning with: what is…, who is …, what colour …, how old …, what time … .

Exercise 11. Поставьте следующие предложения в вопросительную и отрицательную форму.

1. These engineers work at the Ministry of Foreign Trade.

2. Не has got a good job.

3. She has breakfast early in the morning.

4. Jane goes to the Institute every day.

5. There are cables and telexes on the desk.

Exercise 12. Задайте вопросы, ответы на которые даны.

1. I come to the office at 9.

2. I read telexes and write letters in the morning.

3. Yes, sometimes I meet customers from different companies.

4. I have lunch at 2.

5. I finish my work at 6.

6. Yes, our engineers learn foreign languages.

Exercise 13. Задайте вопросы по образцу.

• My son drinks coffee.

• My daughter drinks milk.

• W ho drinks coffee and who drinks milk?

1. Mr. Lavrov learns English. Mr. Pavlov learns French.

2. Nancy writes letters. Mr. Jackson translates telexes.

3. Mr. Lavrov has got a flat in Moscow. Mr. Bell has got a house in London.

4. Mr. Bell is a company manager. Mr. Stepanov is an office man­ager.

Mr. Lavrov speaks English. Mr. Bell speaks French.

Exercise 14. Задайте разделительный вопрос по образцу.

• Your friend learns English, doesn't he?

• Yes, he learns English to speak this language at the talks.

1. to translate letters from English into Russian; 2. to write letters to foreign companies; 3. to read English cables and telexes; 4. to read English books; 5. to speak this language to foreign customers.

Exercise 15. Ответьте на разделительные вопросы.

1. Peter is going to the theatre tonight, isn’t he? 2. John has some friends at college, hasn’t he? 3. Your friend’s family is large, isn’t it? 4. Your brother is well now, isn’t he? 5. There are ten students in the classroom, aren’t there? 6. His brother isn’t a journalist, is he? 7. John’s wife isn’t a French teacher, is she? 8. You haven’t any French books, have you? 9. There aren’t any pictures on the walls, are there?

Exercise 16. Переведите разделительные вопросы.

1. В вашей гостиной два окна, не так ли? - Да. 2. Квартира Петра не очень большая, не так ли? – Да. 3. Анна ведь дочь Вашей сестры, не так ли? - Нет, она дочь моего брата. 4.Его дочь – врач, не так ли? - Да. 6. У вас нет тонких тетрадей, не так ли? – Да, у меня нет. 7.У Петра Трехкомнатная квартира, не так ли? – Нет, у него двухкомнатная.

Exercise 17. Задайте вопрос к подлежащему по образцу.

Model 1. Nancy doesn't write letters in the office, who writes letters? —Sally does.

1. Mr. Black doesn't meet customers in the office (Mr. Bell);

2. My son doesn't drink coffee in the morning (my husband);

3. Petrov doesn't often go to London (Lavrov);

4. Our secretary doesn't learn English (our engineers);

5. O ur secretary doesn't translate letters (our engineers).

Exercise 18. На основании следующих вопросов составьте рассказ о себе.

1. What is your name? 2. How old are you? 3. Are you married or single?

4. Do you live with your parents? 5. Have you got children? 6. What’s your job? 7. How long does it take you to get to your work? 8. When do you begin your work? 9. Who is the head of your office? 10. What do you do during your working hours? 11. Does your office receive a lot of letters, cables and telexes? 12. Who sends the answers to these letters and cables? 13. Do you receive foreign businessmen at your office?

UNIT 3

• Местоимения: личные, притяжательные, вопросительные, указательные

• Спряжение глаголов «to be», «to have»

• Определенный, неопределенный, нулевой артикли

• Text “London”

WORKING ON THE TEXT

London

1. London is the capital of Great Britain. It lies in the South East of England on both banks of the river Thames. London is one of the largest cities in the world and the largest port and industrial centre in England. London is more than twenty centuries old.

2. The heart of the capital is the City. The territory of the City is only about one square mile, but it is the financial and business centre of the country. It contains almost all important English banks and offices.

3. The West End of London is famous for its beautiful monuments and palaces, fine parks, fashionable shops and big hotels. The East End is quite different from the West End. It is the district of factories, plants and docks. The narrow streets and poor houses of the East End present a contrast to the homes of the rich people in the West End.

4. There are many places of interest in London. One of them is Trafalgar Square with the Nelson monument 185 feet high. Buckingham palace is the royal residence. Westminster Abbey is one of the most beautiful buildings in London. It contains the memorials of many famous citizens of Britain.

5. Across the road from Westminster Abbey are the Houses of Parliament, the seat of the British government.

6. The Tower of London is one of the most interesting places in London. It was a fortress, a royal residence, a prison, now it is a museum.

7. London is famous for its green parks. Hyde Park is the most popular of them. It is the greatest park in London as well.

8. London is the centre of the country’s cultural life. There are many picture galleries and museums in the capital. The National Gallery houses a priceless collection of paintings. The famous British museum is one of the best museums in the world.

GRAMMAR EXERCISES

Exercise 1. Вставьте нужное местоимение.

1.Mr. Bell is a company manager. - … is a company manager. 2. Mr. Lavrov is in London now. - … is in London now. 3. Is Nancy a nice woman? – Is … a nice woman? 4. Mr Stepanov and Mr. Ivanov are economists. - … are economists. 5. The telephones are on the desks. - … are on the desks. 6. The file is on the desk. - … is on the desk. 7. How are your children? - How are …?

Exercise 2. Вставьте нужное местоимение.

1. I read a lot of English books. I read... in the evening.

2. Mr Lavrov is speaking to Mr Bell now. He is speaking to ... about the contract.

3. Kate is my friend. I meet... in the office every day.

4. My daughter is reading a book about London now. She is reading ... with pleasure.

5. I often write letters to my friends. And they often write letters to... too.

6. We learn English. Our work helps ... to speak English well.

Exercise 3. Выберите нужное местоимение.

1. Mr Lavrov comes to (his, him) English lessons at 8 o'clock in the morning.

2. Where is (your, you) pen? — It's on (my, me) table.

3. (Our, us) engineers learn English. They want to speak (its, it) well.

4. (Our, us) office manager often meets foreign businessmen and discusses prices for different goods with (their, them).

5. Come and meet (my, me) family at the weekend.

Exercise 4. Вставьте глагол “ to be”.

1. … these women old? 2. My teacher … a nice man. 3. Ann … absent today. Tom … absent today too. 4. These … knives and forks. 5. His son … ill. 6. “What colour … those cups?” “They … blue.” 7. Those ties … dark green. 8. “ What … this?” “This … a new factory.” 9. “ Who … they?” “They … students.” 10. “ … the factory large?” “ Yes, it …”.

Exercise 5. Переведите, используя «to have» или «to have got».

1. У г-на Степанова очень хорошая квартира.

2. Наши дети обычно обедают в два часа.

3. Наша фирма имеет много предложений от иностранных фирм.

4. Вы часто ведете переговоры, не правда ли?

5. В какое время у вас обед?

6. Где вы обычно занимаетесь?

7. Мы не проводим переговоры по вечерам.

8. У г-на Петрова есть дети? Нет, у него нет детей.

Exercise 6. Вставьте глагол “ to be”.

This … a picture of a family. The family … large and nice. This … Stepanov. He … from Moscow. He … a young man. He … an engineer. And this … his wife. She … a young woman. She … an economist. These … there children. They … very nice.

Exercise 7. Скажите по-английски, обращая внимание на формы глагола «to be».

а) Я знаю этого человека. Его зовут г-н Белл. Ему 40 лет. Он управляющий большой фирмы в Лондоне. Фирма имеет конторы в различных городах. Г-н Белл часто встречается со своими заказчиками. Он очень занят целый день. Он приходит на работу в 9 и находится в конторе до 6 вечера.

б) А это г-н Лавров. Он инженер «Россэкспорта». Г-н Лавров хорошо говорит по-английски. Он изучает язык на работе. Уроки очень интересные. На уроках он читает, переводит с английского на русский и обсуждает многие проблемы.

Exercise 8. Замените выделенные слова личным местоимением.

1. Translate this letter into Russian.

2. Answer these questions, please.

3. Give the customer the offer, please.

4. Не doesn't know the manager and his assistant.

5. Ask the secretary to send the offer to the firm.

6. Show me and colleague the new model.

Exercise 9. Выберите нужное местоимение.

1. At the lessons (they, them, their) teacher asks (they, them, their) a lot of questions and the students answer (they, them, their).

2. (We, us, our) have a children's room. (It, its) windows are large and (it, its) is very light. (We, us, our) children like (they, them, their) room.

3. Petrov is (we, us, our) student. (I, me, my) know (he, him, his) well. (He, him, his) English is good and (I, me, my) speak only English to (he, him, his). (He, him, his) helps (we, our, us) a lot.

Exercise 10. Вставьте глагол “ to be”.

Student: As far as I know Britain (to be) a parliamentary monarchy. How (to be) that?

Teacher: It (to be) simple: there (to be) the King, or the Queen, and there (to be) a parliament enjoying the right to pass the laws and elect the government.

Student: I see. And I (to be) speaking about the British Parliament, how many chambers (to be) in it?

Teacher: There (to be) two of them – the House of Lords and the House of Commons

UNIT 4

• Глагол, настоящее неопределенное время (Present Simple Tense)

• Определенный, неопределенный артикли

• text “At the travel agency”

GRAMMAR EXERCISES

Exercise 1. Переведите следующие предложения.

1. Меня зовут Петр Лавров. Я студент. Это мой друг Николай Иванов. Он тоже студент. Мы в аудитории.

2. Кто господин Браун по профессии? Он английский бизнесмен.

3. Как его зовут? Бен Смит.

4. Какого цвета полки? Коричневые.

5. Его друзья тоже студенты? Да.

6. Ваши друзья тоже преподаватели? Да.

7. Сколько лет Вашему сыну? Двенадцать.

8. Петр болеет? Да. Джим тоже болен? Нет. Он опаздывает.

9. Откройте книги на одиннадцатой странице.

10. Читайте новый текст, пожалуйста. Легкий ли новый текст? Да, текст легкий.

12. Кто Вы по профессии? Мы - студенты.

Exercise 2. Переведите следующие диалоги.

1. Г-н Смит: Здравствуйте г-н Лавров. Познакомьтесь, это г-н Браун.

Лавров: Здравствуйте.

Г-н Браун: Здравствуйте.

Г-н Смит: Г-н Браун – английский бизнесмен.

2. А: Здравствуйте.

Б: Здравствуйте. Как Вы себя чувствуете?

А: Хорошо, спасибо. А как Вы себя чувствуете?

Б: Я тоже хорошо себя чувствую. Сегодня чудесный день, не так ли?

А: Да, очень хороший день.

3. С: Простите, я опоздал.

А: Ничего. Проходите, пожалуйста.

Exercise 3. Переведите следующие предложения.

1. Это учебник? - Да. Это хороший учебник. 2. Это его книга? - Нет. Это моя. 3. Эта книга хорошая? 4. Этот карандаш черный? - Нет, это красный карандаш. 5. Тим, возьмите книгу и откройте ее. Читайте текст. Легкий ли текст? - Да, текст легкий. 6. Дайте мне учебник, пожалуйста. 7. Это зеленая машина, а та – черная.

Exercise 4. Заполните пропуски предлогами.

Используйте предлоги with, for, in, at (2), of (2).

1. I work …V/O Machinoexport. A lot … foreign firms are interested in doing business … us. We have made some contracts … boilers … a new model lately. Our boilers are in great demand now and we sell them … high prices.

Используйте предлоги: with (2), for, of, to.

2. The other day Mr. Gray … Roberts and Co. came … Moscow to have talks …us. He phoned our secretary and made an appointment …us … the next day.

Используйте предлоги to, of (2), past, at.

3. He came to see us … half … nine. We discussed a lot … different questions. Our terms … payment and delivery were acceptable … him.

Exercise 5. Составьте диалог на основе данного выше текста.

UNIT 5

• имя прилагательное;

• степени сравнения имен прилагательных

GRAMMAR EXERCISES

Exercise 1. Определите степени сравнения данных прилагательных и наречий.

a) calm, fresh, happy, near, short, fast, thick, thin, few, busy, long, small, slow, hot, warm, cold, easy, young, late, nice, early;

b) beautiful, charming, exciting, popular, favorite, wonderful, brightly, difficult, easily, slowly, happily;

c) good, well, many, much, old, little, badly, bad

Exercise 2. переведите на русский.

1. 1. That room is larger, isn't it? 2. I think lesson 12 is the easiest. 3. Mary is the youngest girl in her class. 4. He says he is the happiest man now. 5. Have you got fresher bread? 6. "Come nearer,” the teacher said. 7. Dick came an hour later. 8. I got up earlier that day.

2. 9. Her birthday party was more enjoyable. 10. His last story is more exciting. 11. I think exercise 8 is the most difficult. 12. Mary says this is the most interesting film she has seen lately. 13. Jack London is one of the most popular American] writers in this country. 14. Next time you will be able to find it most easily.

Exercise 3. Ответьте на вопросы:

a) 1. What places of interest in Moscow do you like best of all?

2. Which places in Moscow do foreign visitors go to see most often?

b) 1. Who speaks English best of all at your office?

2. Why does he know English better than the other engineers in the office?

c) 1. On what days do you come to your office later than usual? 2. Why?

Exercise 4. Скажите по-английски.

1.Те книги его. А где ваши? — Мои на столе. 2. Их ко­манда такая же хорошая, как и ваша.— Я думаю, что их команда не такая сильная, как наша. 3. Чья это маши­на? — Моя. Я только что купил ее. 4. Это ее газеты? — Нет, ее на книжной полке. 5. Один из моих друзей приедет в Шереметьево, чтобы встретить вас. 6. Наш вратарь такой же хороший, как и их.

Exercise 5. Используйте нужную форму прилагательного.

1. There was not much traffic yesterday and I could get to the office (quickly) than today. 2 Mike speaks English (well) than the other students, because he works very much. 3. I come home on Monday (late) than on other days because it's the busiest day. 4. Peter swims (well) of all. 5. I've only looked through the catalogues and I'll study them (closely) tomorrow.

Exercise6. Выполните по образцу.

• D oes your friend know foreign languages?

• Yes, he does.

• How many languages does he know?

• He knows two languages.

1. Do you have English lessons every week?

2. Do the engineers of your office learn foreign languages?

3. Do you translate English letters every day?

4. Does your wife speak foreign languages?

Запомните слова и выражения:

Here you are.- Вот, пожалуйста.

Who? Me? - Кто? Я?

I am too tired (to speak English). - Я очень устал (говорить по-английски).

It's a pleasure (to speak English). - Приятно (говорить по-английски). With pleasure. - С удовольствием.

It's difficult (for me to learn English). - Мне трудно (учить английский).

I don't think so. - Не думаю.

Talks - переговоры

to have talks - вести переговоры at the talks - на переговорах

discuss - обсуждать

next year — на следующий год; в будущем году

Exercise7. Расскажите о вашей работе используя ответы на вопросы.

1. Where do you work?

2. What's the name of your company?

3. Your company is large, isn't it?

4. What companies do you do business with?

5. When do your office hours begin?

6. When do you come to your office?

7. Have you got much work to do every day?

8. What do you usually do in your office in the morning?

9. What matters do you usually discuss with foreign businessmen?

10. What goods are you going to offer them?

11. What countries are you going to do business with next year?

12. You discuss a lot of problems at the talks, don't you?

13. How many engineers work for your company?

14. How often do you meet customers in your office?

10. When do you have lunch?

11. Do you have lunch in the office or do you go out for lunch?

12. What do you do in your office after lunch?

13. When do you finish your work?

14. Who is the manager of your office?

15. He knows foreign languages, doesn't he? 16. How many foreign languages does he speak?

17. Does he know English?

18. Does he speak good English?

LESSON TWO

UNIT 6

• Present Continuous Tense

• Местоимения some, any, no

• Much, many, few (a few), little, (a little)

• text “There is no place like home”

WORKING ON THE TEXT

THERE IS NO PLACE LIKE HOME

А

Many English families have got their own houses, but some people live in flats. There are two floors in the traditional English house: the ground floor and the first floor. People in England like their homes and always show them to their visi­tors.

Mr. Dunn, a British businessman, often comes to the Russian Trade Delegation and he knows Mr. Voronin very well. One Sun­day he invites Mr. Voronin and some engineers to his place to spend an evening with his family.

Mr Dunn's family lives in a small house with a garden. There is a sitting-room and a study downstairs. The kitchen is down­stairs too. The sitting-room is large and sunny. There is a sofa, two armchairs and a coffee table there. There is a standard lamp, and a colour TV-set there too. Above the coffee table there is a nice wall-lamp. A green carpet on the floor makes the room com­fortable.

In the kitchen there is an electric cooker, a refrigerator with a freezer, a dish-washer and a cupboard. Mrs. Dunn has got a lot of dishes: plates, cups, glasses and many knives, forks and spoons.

The study is a small room with bookshelves on the walls. Upstairs there are two bedrooms and a bathroom.

The Dunns¹ love their house and think: "There is no place like home"².

В

Now Mr. Dunn and Mr. Voronin are sitting near the fireplace in Mr. Dunn's study.

Voronin: This is a lovely room, Mr. Dunn.

Dunn: I'm glad you like it. It's always a pleasure to sit here and read newspapers and magazines after a long day in the office. And where do you live in Moscow, Mr. Voronin?

Voronin: We live in a three-room flat in a new district of Moscow.

Dunn: Is your flat comfortable?

Voronin: Yes, very. There's much built-in furniture in our hall and in the kitchen. The windows are large and the rooms are light.

Dunn: In which room do you like to spend evening hours?

Voronin: In the sitting-room. We usually watch television or VCR³ or listen to music on compact disks.

Dunn: Yes, it's always nice to spend a quiet evening with the family.

Voronin: I think so too.

Notes:

1. The Dunns — семья Даннов (Данны)

2. There is no place like home. — Нет ничего лучше своего дома.

3. VCR (a video cassette recorder) — видеомагнитофон

GRAMMAR EXERCISES

Exercise1. a) Вставьте нужные предлоги.

The name ... Mr. Blake's elder sister is Rosy. Rosy and her hus­band Richard Green live ... a small house. There is a garden ... it. ... the ground floor there is a sitting-room, a kitchen and a study. ... the first floor there is a bedroom and a bathroom. When you come ... the sitting-room you see that the room is light and sunny. It is a large room but there is not much furniture ... it. There are two comfortable armchairs, a coffee table, a green sofa and a stan­dard-lamp ... the floor. ... the coffee table there is a nice wall-lamp. ... the floor there is a nice carpet. Richard's study isn't large. There are four bookshelves ... the wall ... a lot of books ... them. There is a fire-place ... the study. The fire-place makes the room comfortable. Rosy and Richard often invite friends ... their place to watch television or listen ... music.

Exercise2. Выберите нужное время (Present Simple or Present Continuous).

At evening at home

It’s 5.25 in the afternoon. Mr. Voronin ( to finish) his work. He usually (to come) home at 6 o’clock in the evening together with his family. They usually (to watch) TV or (to read) newspapers and journals.

Now you (to see) Mr. Voronin and his family in the comfortable sitting-room. Mr. Voronin (to sit ) in an armchair and (to read) a newspaper. He (to be interested) in the latest events of the day. His wife (to sit) on the sofa. She (not to read). She (to watch TV). She seldom (to watch TV) in the daytime. She (to have got) much work to do at home.

Voronin's son seldom (to watch TV). In the evenings he usually (to do) his homework. Sometimes he (to write) letters to his friends in Moscow. Now you (to see) him at the desk. He (to read) an English book. He (to read) English books every day. He (to like) the English language and he (to want) to speak this language well. In September his mother and father (to be going) to send their son to Oxford to practise his English there.

b) Say what you have learned about evening hours in Voronin's family.

Exercise3. Прочтите диалог, найдите конструкции Continuous.

Nick is a student. He is from Russia. Now he learns English in Oxford. Nick is staying with the Grants, an English family.

Nick: Mrs. Grant, please, help me. I’m doing my homework and I don’t understand this word.

Mrs. Grant: Oh, Nick it’s difficult. I’m watching television now.

Nick: Really? What are you watching?

Mrs Grant: I’m watching the latest news.

Nick: Could Mr. Grant help me?

Mrs Grant: Unfortunately not. He's reading.

Nick: What's he reading?

Mrs Grant: He's reading a journal.

Nick: What journal is he reading?

Mrs Grant: He's reading a business journal.

Nick: What about Joan? Could she help me?

Mrs Grant: No, Nick. She's speaking on the phone.

Nick: Who's she speaking with?

Mrs Grant: She's speaking on the phone with her boy-friend. You are asking a lot of questions tonight, Nick. Nick: Yes, you are right, Mrs. Grant. I'm practising my English.

Mrs. Grant: Oh, Nick! You are a very bright young man and a good student. Nick: Am I? Thank you, Mrs. Grant. I'd like to speak English well.

2. Расскажите о чем диалог.

Exercise 4. Раскройте скобки.

1.—Where (to be) John Dunn now?

—He (to spend) the weekend in Brighton, He often (to spend) weekends there.

2. — What the children (to do) now?

— They (to listen) to a BBC English lesson. They always (to listen) to BBC English lesson at 3 in the afternoon.

3.— (to be) Mrs. Bell in the garden?

—Yes, she (to show) it to her friend. Her garden (to be) very nice and she (to like) to show it to her friends.

Exercise 5. Расскажите о своей квартире, используя ответы на вопросы:

1. Have you got a large or a small flat?

2. How many rooms are there in your flat?

3. Is your flat in a new or in the old district?

4. How do you like your district?

5. Are there any parks and gardens in it?

1. You’ve got a comfortable flat, haven’t you?

2. What floor is your flat on?

3. How many rooms have you got?

4. Are the rooms light and sunny?

5. Is there much or little furniture in your flat?

1. Have you got a flat in a new or in an old block of flats?

2. There is a sitting-room in your flat, isn’t there?

3. Is the sitting-room large or small?

4. How many windows are there in your sitting-room?

5. What is there in your sitting-room?

1. There is a kitchen in your flat, isn’t there?

2. Is it comfortable?

3. What makes your kitchen comfortable?

4. What furniture is there in it?

5. Have you got a gas cooker or an electric cooker?

6. Have you got a fridge? What model is it?

E xercise 6. Составьте диалог:

Phone Robbie&Co. Mr Robbie isn't in the office. Speak to the secretary. Say that you would like to make an appointment with Mr. Robbie for Tuesday at 11. You would like to have their cata­logues and quotation.

Exercise 7. Прочтите текст со словарем.

The average British family lives in a semi-detached house with a garden in the South of England. They own their house, which is situated in the suburbs of a large town. The house has three bedrooms. As a rule the family has got two children and a pet. The family drives a two-year-old Ford.

Exercise 8. Скажите по-английски.

1. В квартире моего друга много встроенной мебели.

2. У меня в гостиной есть два кресла и журнальный столик.

3. У меня в квартире нет телефона.

4. В комнате моих детей есть письменный стол. Стол стоит около окна.

5. —Есть ли камин в кабинете г-на Данна?

— Есть.

6. —Сколько этажей в традиционном английском доме? — Я знаю, что в английском доме два этажа.

7. На столе есть ложки и вилки, но нет ножей.

8. У нас большая кухня. В ней стол, четыре стула, холодильник, морозильная камера и посудомоечная машина.

9. В новых районах Москвы много красивых жилых домов.

10. В моей спальне немного мебели.

Exercise 9. Вставьте some или any.

1. I've got... English journals at home.

2. We haven't got... offers from British companies.

3. Lavrov has got... good pictures of London.

4. ... child in our city knows that beautiful park.

5. Have you got... catalogues to look through today?

Exercise 10. Вставьте some или any.

1. Nancy hasn't got... books about Moscow.

2. Mr. Dunn has got... beautiful flowers in the garden.

3. I'm not going to buy ... dishes.

4. I'd like ... tea with milk.

5. Do you know ... good parks in London?

6. Would you like ... tea?

Exercise 11. Translate into English.

1. — У меня есть несколько английских журналов, но фран­цузских журналов у меня нет. Я не знаю французского языка.

2. — У Вас есть запросы на химическое оборудование?

—Да. У нас есть несколько запросов от английских фирм.

3. —У нас нет контрактов с фирмой «Браун энд К⁰».

4. — Не хотите ли кофе?

— Спасибо, с удовольствием.

5. Не мог бы я встретиться с Вами в четверг в 2 часа дня?

— Разумеется. Мне приятно Вас видеть в любой день и в любое время.

Exercise 12. Поставьте следующие предложения в вопросительную и отрицательную формы.

1. Не has some new English books.

2. There were some magazines on his table.

3. They can speak some foreign languages.

4. Не knows some engineers of our office.

5. We sent some letters to foreign firms yesterday.

6. Our director received some businessmen the day before yesterday.

7. They will discuss the terms of delivery with them next week.

8. They are having talks with their partners.

9. They have concluded an agreement lately.

Exercise 13. Заполните пропуски местоимениями some, any, no.

1. There are …catalogues on the table.

2. Can you give me … magazines to read?

3. There are not … letters on your desk.

4. The other day we sent … enquiries for furniture.

5. Are there … price-lists on his desk? Yes, there are ….

6. Did your office make … contracts with British firms last year?

Exercise 14.Заполните пропуски словами much, many, few (a few), little (a little).

1. Was there … snow in Kiev last winter? Yes, there was.

2. Do … people watch TV in the evening?

3. I'm sorry we have … ham for breakfast, but we have a lot of cheese.

4. … children watch TV after 10 o'clock in the evening.

5. Larin doesn't know English well, but studies … now.

6. Let me think … before I answer your question.

7. The new jet-liner has made only … flights abroad.

8. I had very …time last night and watched TV for only … minutes.

9. Our flat is not very large and there is … furniture in it.

UNIT 7

• The Past Simple and Future Simple Tenses

GRAMMAR EXERCISES

Exercise 1. Поставьте глаголы в Simple Past Tense.

to close, to excuse, to listen, to live to open, to receive, to shave, to show, to play, to stay, to collect, to dictate, to translate, to start, to help, to like, to look, to pass, to smoke, to work, to thank, to wash, to watch

Exercise 2. Поставьте глаголы в Simple Past Tense.

to be, to buy, to teach, to think, to come, to give, to do, to get, to go, to have, to hear, to leave, to know, to make, to learn, to pay, to put, to read, to take, to tell, to wake, to write, to drive

Exercise 3. Прочтите и переведите предложения в Simple Past Tense.

a) 1.His elder brother worked in a big firm two years ago.2. His younger sister lived in Kiev a few years ago. 3. They watched TV last night. 4. Mary helped us to type the letters yesterday. 5. They got to the department store in the afternoon. 6. They went to see the Browns last night. 7. Peter’s mother taught French to us last year. 8. He did his homework and then went for a walk in Hyde Park. 9. My elder brother was ill last week.

b) 1. He did not receive any visitors yesterday.2. They did not translate the new text the day before yesterday. 3. She did not translate the new text last night. 4. Mary did not listen to the latest news last night. 5. Peter did not write a letter to his father last Monday. 6. Jane did not tell us about that yesterday. 7. He did not teach French last year. 8. She was not ill last week.

c) 1. “Did you show them your new pictures yesterday?” - “Yes, I did.” 2. “Did Peter stay in the college library the day before yesterday? – “No, he didn’t” 3. “Did they look through the newspapers yesterday morning?” - “Yes, they did”. 4. “Did he buy the new textbook yesterday?” – “No, he didn’t”. 5.”Did you read the book last week?” – “Yes, I did”. 6. “Did you have lunch in the factory canteen yesterday?” – “No, I didn’t”. 7. “Did they leave for work at half past seven yesterday morning?” – “Yes, they did.” 8. “Was he very tired yesterday?”- “Yes, he was.”

Exercise 4. Задайте разделительные вопросы к предложениям и ответьте на них.

1. He liked your new picture. 2. John dictated a few letters to the secretary yesterday morning. 3. My younger brother collected foreign stamps last year. 4. His mother woke him up at six yesterday morning. 5. They came to see us last night. 6. My brother had a lot of friends at school. 7. Jane was ill last week. 8. He did not watch TV last night. 9. She did not go to school the day before yesterday. 10. He did not know about the textbook. 11. They did not have lunch in the canteen last Friday. 12. She was not very tired yesterday. 13. They had no English books last year.

Exercise 5. Задайте общие вопросы по образцу.

His brother collected stamps last year. (his sister)

Did his sister collect stamps too?

1. His elder brother worked in a firm two years ago. (his younger sister). 2. He listened to the latest news last night. (they). 3. His friend lived in London last year. (his friend’s family). 4. We played chess last night. (they). 5. Peter brought some white and brown bread. (John). 6. Nick did his homework after classes. (Bill). 7. Mr. Brown took his children to the Zoo last Sunday. (Mr.Smit). 8. He had lunch at one o’clock. (they). 9. He went shopping yesterday. (Mrs. Brown). 10. Peter was ill last week. (Ben). 11. Jill was here yesterday. (Jane).

Exercise6. Ответьте на вопросы по образцу.

Did you see Peter at the university yesterday?

No, I didn’t. He wasn’t at the university yesterday.

1. Did you see Bill at Nick’s birthday party? 2. Did you see Mary in the library last night? 3. Did you see Mr. Brown in the canteen? 4. Did you see them at the party? 5. Did you see Peter and John in the café?

Exercise7. Ответьте на вопросы по образцу.

Do you usually get up at seven o’clock? (yesterday)

I usually do, but I didn’t get up at seven yesterday.

1. Do you usually play chess on Saturday? (last Saturday) 2. Does your sister go shopping every day? (yesterday) 3. Do you write letters to Peter every Friday? (last Friday) 4. Do you usually have lunch in the canteen? (the day before yesterday) 5. Does Jim go to see his mother every Saturday) 6. Is your son usually tired after classes? (yesterday)

Exercise 8. Скажите в Simple Past Tense.

1. He is at home, isn’t he? (last night) 2. There are not many students in the library. (last Tuesday) 3. Are there many people in the sports good department? (yesterday afternoon) 4. Is Dick there, too? (last Saturday) 5. Jane is ill (last month) 6. He works in an office. (last year)

Exercise 9. Переведите предложения, используя Simple Past Tense.

1. Oни жили в Москве два года тому назад. 2. Вам ведь понравилось его новая книга? - Нет. 3. Какие журналы он хотел показать мне вчера вечером? 4. Мы ведь не переводили этот текст на прошлой неделе? - Нет, переводили! 5. Он работал в этой фирме три года тому назад? - Да. 6. Посмотрели ли Вы эти документы вчера? - Да. 7. Сколько писем вы напечатали вчера? - Двенадцать. 8. Вы ведь поблагодарили его? – Да. 9. Он показал вам свою новую картину? 10. Он ведь работал в этой фирме два года тому назад - Да, а сейчас он учится в университете на заочном отделении. 11. Когда он вернулся из Санкт-Петербурга? – Неделю тому назад. - Сколько времени он там пробыл? - Пять дней. 12. Куда вы ходили вчера после занятий? - В универмаг. Я хотела, чтобы Анна пошла со мной, но ее не было дома. 13. Кто купил подарок для Джейн? - Билл.

Exercise 10. Поставьте глагол в нужном времени.

Jack Smith (to be) on holiday now. He (to stay) at home for his holiday, but he (to do) a lot of interesting things. A few minutes ago he (to met) John Stanton who (to be) on holiday too and now they (to speak) about their holidays.

John: How you (to enjoy) your holiday, Jack?

Jack: I (to have a good time), John. I (to stay) at home. I

(to have got) a car and it (to be) a pleasure to go to

different places in the country.

John: Where you (to go) yesterday?

Jack: I (to meet) Helen Black and we (to go) to Marlow. It (to be) a nice place on the River Thames. You ever (to be) there?

John: Oh, yes. I (to spend) my holiday there last year. I (to know) the place very well. You (to have lunch) at the old hotel near the river?

Jack: No, we (to have lunch) in the open air near the river.

John: What time you (to get) home?

Jack: We (not to come) back till 11 o'clock in the evening.

John: You (to be) tired, ... you?

Jack: Yes, a little bit.

b) Say what you have learned about:

1. Jack's holiday; 2. Marlow; 3. John's holiday.

Exercise12. Задайте вопросы по образцу.

a) He often leaves home for work at 7.30 (tomorrow)

And will he leave home for work at 7.30 tomorrow?

1. Ann usually gets up at half past six. (on Sunday) 2. He seldom plays tennis on Wednesday. (next Wednesday) 3. Bob sometimes play hockey after classes (tomorrow). 4. They often go out on Saturdays (next Saturday) 5. Mr. Green always listens to the latest news on the radio in the evening (tomorrow evening) 6. He is often at home on Saturday (next Saturday)

b) The Browns didn’t go out last Saturday. (next Saturday)

And they won’t go out next Saturday.

1. They didn’t play chess yesterday.(tomorrow) 2. I didn’t go shopping last Friday. (next Friday)3. She didn’t go to see her mother last Wednesday. (next Wednesday) 4. He stayed in the library yesterday. (tomorrow) 5. He didn’t have free time yesterday. (tomorrow) 6. He didn’t go for a walk last Sunday. (next Sunday)

Exercise 13. Задайте вопросы к подчеркнутым словам.

1. They will go to the new shop next week. 2. My elder brother will enter our university next year 3. The Browns will come back next month. 4. He will have some free time tomorrow.

Exercise 14. Переведите предложения в будущем времени.

1. Я надеюсь, он позвонит мне в следующее воскресенье. 2. Боюсь, что Петр не будет играть в теннис в следующую субботу. Он болен. 3. Когда вы его увидите? - Я думаю, что в следующий вторник. 4. Примите его, пожалуйста. 5. Передайте мне, пожалуйста, ручку. 6. Принести вам завтра новый учебник? – Да, пожалуйста. 7. Я не пойду туда в следующий вторник. У меня нет времени.

Exercise 15. Поставьте глагол в нужном времени.

An old woman (to ask) for a room in London hotel. She (to be) shown a very small one. There (to be) nothing in it. «I (not to like) this room. - she (to say) – It (to be) very small.» «But this (to be) not a room – (to say) the office-boy. This (to be) a lift».

UNIT 8

• Модальные глаголы can, may, must

• The Present Perfect Tense

• Participle I в функции определения и обстоятельства

GRAMMAR EXERCISES

Exercise1. Образуйте форму Past Participle от глаголов:

To answer, to stay, to play, to study, to try, to like, to work, to walk, to introduce, to help, to hope, to type, to wash, to pass, to brush, watch, to live, to arrive, to receive, to shave, to open, to return, to call, to invite, to dictate, to translate, to visit.

Exercise2. a) Поставьте глагол в нужном времени.

Mr Vlasov, an engineer of the Russian Trade Delegation, (to phone) Mr. Hunt of Robinson&Co.

Vlasov: Good morning, Mr. Hunt. This (to call) Mr. Vlasov.

Hunt: Good morning, Mr. Vlasov. What I (can, to do) for you?

Vlasov: The fact (to be) I (to send) you our offer last week. In my letter I (to ask) you to study it and to give us your answer but we not (to receive) it yet.

Hunt: You see, Mr. Vlasov, we (to receive) your offer 5 days ago, but I (cannot, to study) it as I (to be) outside London and just (to come back).

Vlasov: When you (can, to look through) it?

Hunt: I (to think) I (can, to do) it today. Let's meet tomorrow at 10 if that (to be) convenient to you.

Vlasov: That (to suit) me all right. Thank you, Mr. Hunt. Good-bye.

b) Say why:

1. Mr. Vlasov has phoned Mr. Hunt; 2. Mr. Hunt hasn't studied the Seller's offer.

Exercise3.a) Поставьте глагол в нужном времени.

Borisov: Hello! (to be) that Steal&Co.? I'd like to speak to

Mr Steal.

Steal: Yes, Steal (to speak).

Borisov: Good morning, Mr. Steal. This is Borisov of Rossimport speaking. I'd like to discuss some business matters with you.

Steal: Yes, Mr. Borisov. I (to listen) to you.

Вorisov: We just (to receive) your latest catalogues. Our engineers (to study) them. We (to be interested) in buying some of your new machines.

Steal: What model you (to be interested) in?

Borisov: Model ВС 5 (to meet) our requirements.

Steal: Yes, this model (to be) of high quality. We just (to start) producing it and we already (to receive) a lot of orders for the machines of this model. How many machines would you like to buy?

Borisov: I (to think) 15 or 20, Mr. Steal, and we'd like to have them in November-December.

Steal: Fine. Let's meet and discuss all the matters on Tuesday.

Borisov: All right, Mr. Steal.

b) Say what you have learned from the dialogue about Rossimport's business with Steal&Co.

Exercise 4. Поставьте глагол в нужном времени.

Douglas (to arrive) at Kennedy Airport and (to come) up to the check-in desk. He (to put) his luggage on the scales, but the man at the desk (not to look) at his things.

• You (to go) for a holiday? — he (to ask).

• Yes, Douglas (to answer).

• You ever (to be) to Switzerland?

• No, I never (to be) out of the United States.

• You (to going) to ski?

• Certainly.

• Why you (not have got) skis with you?

• I (to buy) them there.

• Hope the weather (to be) good.

Exercise 5. Выберите нужное время (Simple Present, Simple Past, Present Continuous, Present Perfect)

1. (to be) a student. I (to have) an English class now. We (to do) just exercise five and now we (to answer) the teacher’s questions. 2. “You (to buy) already fruit and vegetables?” “Yes, I have.” “When you (to go) shopping?” “I (to go) shopping after lunch yesterday.” 3. “He (to come) just to the office. It’s five minutes to nine.” “And When he (to come) to the office yesterday?” “He (to come) at ten to nine yesterday.” 4. Peter (to leave) for the university fifteen minutes ago but Ann (not to leave) for college yet.5. Peter (not to go) to see his mother yesterday. His elder brother Nick (to go) just to see her. She (to be) ill lately. 6. “When you (to go) to the theatre?” “I (to go) to the theatre last Saturday.” 7. “She ever (to drive) a car?” “Yes, she has. She can drive a car very well”. 8. “He (to ask) me to write a letter to Peter last week.” “You (to write) a letter yet?” “Yes, I have.”

Exercise 6. Ответьте на вопросы.

1. Can you play chess? 2.Can your friend speak English? 3. Can you show me the new catalogues? 4. Must you stay in the office tonight? 5. Must students do their homework every day? 6. May I take your pencil? 7. May the students go home now? 8. May I smoke here?

Exercise 7. Постройте вопросительные, утвердительные и отрицательные предложения, используя can, may, must и данные слова.

to smoke, to leave home, to come back, to have lunch, to go there, to look through

Exercise 8. Образуйте present participles от глаголов.

to write, to blow, to do, to give, to leave, to put, to read, to speak, to wait, to stand, to shout, to flow

Exercise 9. Прочтите и переведите предложения, обращая внимание на present participles.

1. The Student sitting next to me is a friend of mine. 2. The northern winds blowing from the Arctic influence the climate of the country. 3. Vast masses of cold air flowing over the land lower the temperature. 4. The tundra occupying the extreme north of the country is a cold bare region. 5. The boy writing on the blackboard is Ann's brother. 6. "I'm afraid the boy waiting for his father has got wet. It's raining hard," he said. 7. The girl standing next to Ann is one of the best pupils.

Exercise 10. Составьте три предложения, используя present participle.

Exercise 11. Замените определительные придаточные предложения оборотом с причастием I.

1. I think the man who is having installation problems is the manager of the plant.

2. When I travel I always reserve accommodation in advance.

3. We are going to contact the firm which is advertising the latest model of the boilers.

4. When the director came into the office he saw several people who were waiting for him.

5. When we write a cable we try to use as few words as possible.

Exercise 12. Ответьте на вопросы, исходя из данных ниже просьб.

a) Pete, write the word "foreign", please.

1. What is Pete doing? 2. What has he done? 3. Who has written the word "foreign"? 4. What did he do a minute ago?

b) Nick, open the window, please.

1. What is Nick doing? 2. What has he done? 3. Who has opened the window?

4. What did he do a minute ago?

Exercise 13. Поставьте глаголы в нужном времени (Simple Past или Present Perfect), употребив каждое из данных обстоятельств.

1. I ( to sent) them the offer (this week, yesterday, just, a fortnight ago, this morning, last week).

2. We (to go) sightseeing (today, three days ago, last week, just, the other day, this week).

3. They (to be) in/to Kiev last year, lately, 2 years ago, this month.

Exercise 14. Раскройте скобки, употребив глагол в нужной форме.

Basov: Hello. (to be) that Lake and Co? I'd like to speak to Mr. Lake.

Lake: Yes. Lake (to speak).

Basov: Good afternoon, Mr. Lake. This (to speak) Basov of Avtoexport. We (to see) your new model of cars lately and we are interested in your new cars. You (can) send us your offer?

Lake: I ( to believe) we ( to send) you our offer, Mr. Basov. You ( to receive) it?

Basov: Not yet. When you ( to send) it?

Lake: We (to send) it a week ago, I (to believe).

Basov: Then we (must) receive it today or tomorrow.

Lake: I (to think) so. How many cars would you like to buy?

Basov: 5 or 6.

Lake: Good. When do you (to require) them?

Basov: In April or in May.

Lake: I (to believe) we (can) ship you the cars in April.

Exercise 15. Поставьте вопросы по заданию и ответьте на них.

Ask the representatives of a foreign firm:

1) what goods they are interested in

2) for what time he has made an appointment with Mr. Bunin

3) what you can do for him

4) at what price his company sells power equipment

5) what models of boilers are in great demand

6) what goods they can offer you

7) what terms of shipment are acceptable to them

8) what goods they require

9) since when they have done business with Brown and Co.

Exercise 16. Переведите следующий диалог.

Mr. Camp of Roberts and Co. phones Mashinoexport.

Somov: Somov speaking.

Camp: Good afternoon, Mr. Somov. I’ve received the final reply from our firm. We accept your offer, but I’d like to clear up some points. When will we meet?

Somov: I’ll be glad to see you any time tomorrow.

Camp: Will the contract be ready by that time?

Somov: Yes, certainly it will.

Camp: Very good. You see, I’m leaving for London on the 15^th of April.

Somov: I believe that’ll be next Sunday.

Camp: Yes, quite so.

Somov: I think we have done good business, Mr. Camp. Will you join me for dinner on Saturday?

Camp: Yes, with pleasure.

Somov: I’ll call for you at the hotel at about six then.

Camp: Thank you. Good bye, Mr. Somov.

Somov: Good bye.

ГРАММАТИЧЕСКИЙ СПРАВОЧНИК

Понятие об артикле.

Артиклями называются особые слова-определители, употребляемые перед существительными. Артикли являются служебными словами и обычно самостоятельного значения не имеют.

В современном английском языке имеются два артикля; определенный the и неопределенный a (an). Неопределен­ный артикль a (an) употребляется с исчисляемыми сущест­вительными в форме единственного числа.

Неопределённый артикль а употребляется перед существительными, начинающимися с согласного звука. Пе­ред существительными, начинающимися с гласного звука, употребляется форма an.

Неопределенный артикль имеет классифицирующее значение; он обозначает, что существительное, определяе­мое им, относится к классу предметов, является одним из подобного рода предметов.

Существительное с неопределенным артиклем отвечает на вопросы: "что за предмет?", "какого рода предмет?", "как его можно назвать?", "к какого рода предметам его можно отнести?";

'This is an apple. Это яблоко. (а не груша, не апель­син)

'That's a tie. To галстук. (а не шарф, не косынка)

Перед именами собственными артикль не употребля­ется.

'This is Ben. Это Бен.

My 'name's Bill. Меня зовут Билл.

Неопределенный артикль не употребляется с исчисляе­мыми существительными во множественном числе.

This is a book. — These are books.

Определенный артикль the употребляется с существительными, как в единственном, так и во множественном числе. Определенный артикль имеет индивидуализирующее значение; он показывает, что речь идет именно о данном предмете (или предметах), и близок по значению к таким словам, как этот, тот, тот самый.

The map is good.

This is an apple. The apple is red.