- •The abc of modern english grammar: a key to successful communication
- •Unit 1. Singular and plural
- •1.1. Give the plurals of the following nouns.
- •1.2. Rewrite these sentences in the plural.
- •1.3. Complete these sentences with a singular or a plural count noun.
- •1.4. Complete these sentences with a singular or a plural verb.
- •1.5. Choose the correct answer.
- •1.6. Complete these sentences by adding the names given. Use each name twice.
- •1.7. Use the singular nouns below to complete the sentences which follow.
- •1.8. Use these plural nouns to complete the sentences that follow.
- •1.9. Use these collective nouns to complete the sentences that follow.
- •1.10. Choose the correct phrase to answer each of the questions below.
- •1.11. Render the sentences into English.
- •Unit 2. Numerals
- •2.1. Say the following numerals in English.
- •2.2. Say the following dates in English.
- •2.3. “What time is it?”
- •2.4. Match the questions with the appropriate answers. Practise saying the numbers.
- •2.5. Find the errors in these statements and correct them.
- •2.6. Country statistics
- •2.7. Give an English equivalent for the underlying sentences.
- •Unit 3. Quantifiers
- •3.1. Complete these sentences by using “some” or “any”.
- •3.2. Rewrite these sentences using “some” or “any”.
- •3.3. Choose the best alternative.
- •3.4. Complete the sentences using some, any or no. More than one answer may be possible.
- •3.5. Complete the sentences using a word from the box. There is one word you shouldn’t use. More than one answer may be suitable. Give all possible alternatives.
- •3.6. Choose the correct word in each sentence.
- •3.7. Complete the second sentence so that it has a similar meaning to the first sentence.
- •3.8. Rewrite each sentence so that it has a similar meaning and contains the word in bold.
- •3.9. Complete the sentences using much, many or a lot of. More than one answer may be possible.
- •3.10. Complete the sentences using a little, a few, little or few.
- •3.11. Choose the correct answer.
- •3.12. Complete these sentences using “little” or “few”.
- •3.13. Complete these sentences using “a little” or “a few”.
- •3.14. Complete these sentences using “a few”, “a little”, “very few”, “very little”.
- •3.15. Find the errors in these sentences. Rewrite each sentence.
- •3.16. Choose the best alternative in each case.
- •3.17. Choose the best alternative.
- •3.18. Complete these sentences using the correct form of the verbs in brackets.
- •3.19. Complete the following sentences with something, nothing, everything or anything.
- •3.20. Choose the best alternative.
- •3.21. Complete each sentence with one suitable word.
- •3.22. Complete these sentences using the determiners given in brackets.
- •3.23. Put these expressions into the table. Some go into more than one place.
- •3.24. Geography game
- •3.25. Give an English equivalent for these sentences.
- •Unit 4. Count and uncount nouns
- •4.1. Use these uncount nouns to complete the sentences below.
- •4.2. List these words in two columns side by side, one for uncountables and one for countables. Then join the words which have similar meaning.
- •4.3. Put the underlying words under three headings: countable, uncountable, or both.
- •4.4. Decide whether these sentences need the indefinite article a (an).
- •4.5. Correct the mistakes in these sentences.
- •4.10. Use these phrases with “the” and an uncount noun to complete the sentences which follow.
- •4.11. Choose the correct word or phrase in each sentence.
- •4.12. Put one word in each space. Put a dash (-) if the space should be blank.
- •4.13. Complete the second sentence so that it has a similar meaning to the first sentence and contains the word in bold.
- •4.14. Choose the best alternative to complete each sentence.
- •4.15. Choose the most suitable word in each sentence.
- •4.16. Complete each sentence with a suitable word from the box.
- •4.17. Complete each sentence with one suitable word.
- •4.18. Suggest the English for the sentences.
- •Unit 5. The imperative and “let”. Emphatic “do / does”
- •5.6. Supply the English for the sentences.
- •Unit 6. Word order
- •6.1. Read the following sentences and write down their structure using the letters s (for Subject), V (for Verb), o (for Object), and a (for Adverbial).
- •6.2. Change the meaning of these sentences by changing the subject and the object.
- •6.3. Put the adverbs given into the correct place. More than one answer may be suitable.
- •6.4. Put these words and phrases in the right order to make sentences.
- •Consolidation of Part 1 and Part 2
- •Recommended learning resources Reference and grammar books
- •Dictionaries
- •Internet resources
2.6. Country statistics
Work in pairs or small groups. Agree these statistics for an English-speaking country and your country.
population
population of the capital city
size in km2
highest mountain
longest river
days of sunshine per year
average winter temperature
exchange rate with the US dollar
average monthly salary
income tax rate
cost of a Coca-Cola
cost of a first class stamp
2.7. Give an English equivalent for the underlying sentences.
1. Сколько сейчас времени? – Сейчас половина второго ночи.
2. Они поженились 26 декабря 2004 года.
3. Вильгельм Завоеватель вторгся на Британские острова в 1066 году.
4. Он первый среди равных.
5. Её третий муж умер от холеры.
6. Лекция состоится в двести седьмой аудитории. Вы можете прочитать это на пятьдесят девятой странице Вашего буклета.
7. Новая предвыборная кампания начинается 1 июня.
8. Генрих VIII – один из самых колоритных персонажей в британской истории.
9. Я проснулся в 7:10 и в 8:00 был уже на работе.
10. У нас обед с 13:30 до 14:00.
11. Он занял второе место, хотя это была его пятая попытка и последний шанс стать чемпионом мира.
12. Три четверти населения не явились на выборы.
13. Седьмая часть населения Земли неграмотна.
14. Он пришел первым, а ушел последним.
15. Мы встречаемся ровно в два часа дня.
16. Уже без пяти минут пять, а мы договаривались на без четверти пять. Это не первый раз, когда она задерживается.
17. Какой у тебя балл по математике? – Четыре целых семьдесят семь сотых.
18. Сборная Бразилии по футболу победила сборную Италии со счётом 3:0.
19. Какой счёт после первого гейма? – 40-0.
20. По данным 2008 года, население Индии составляет 1 119 000 000 человек. Это вторая по численности населения страна мира. Первая – Китай, третья – Соединенные Штаты, четвертая – Индонезия.
Unit 3. Quantifiers
REFERENCE
A Some, any, no and their compounds
Неопределенные местоимения some, any используются в большинстве случаев для передачи значения «некоторое количество», «какой-нибудь», «немного», «несколько» и т. д.
|
TYPE OF SENTENCES |
||
Affirmative |
Interrogative |
Negative |
|
COUNTABLE / UNCOUNTABLE |
some |
any |
no/not any |
PEOPLE |
someone/somebody |
anyone/anybody |
no one/not anyone nobody/not anybody |
THINGS |
something |
anything |
nothing/not anything |
PLACES |
somewhere |
anywhere |
nowhere/not anywhere |
Some и его производные используется также в вопросительных предложениях, когда предполагается утвердительный ответ (просьбы, предложения):
Can I have some more apple juice, please?
Would you like to go somewhere tonight?
Any и его производные используются также в утвердительных предложениях в значении «любой, не важно какой»:
You can choose any cake you like.
Anyone will tell you the same: the stock market is being very unsteady.
B Every, each
Неопределенные местоимения every, each употребляются с исчисляемыми существительными в единственном числе.
EVERY |
EACH |
Когда говорим о трех и более лицах или предметах, используем every: Every player in the team was happy after the victory. |
Местоимение each мы используем, когда говорим о двух лицах или предметах: He was holding a bunch of flowers in each hand. |
Every используется также, когда говорится о лицах или предметах как неком едином целом, в значении «все, каждый без исключения»: Every student has a right to a high-quality education. |
Each используется, когда говорится о лицах или предметах, воспринимаемых отдельно, поодиночке: Each student in turn takes an exam card and tells the examiner its number. |
Every используется для обозначения периодичности, частоты совершения действий: We attend an exhibition practically every weekend. |
|
C Quantifiers: comparison
COUNTABLE |
UNCOUNTABLE |
many |
much |
(a) few |
(a) little |
a (good/great/large) number of |
a small/large amount/quantity of |
a couple of |
a good/great deal of |
several |
|
both |
|
a great many |
|
a lot of, lots of, a load of, loads (of), any, some, no, plenty of |
|
PRACTICE