- •Нечаева м. И., Воробьева с. В., Самофалова т. П., Кузуб е. В.
- •Предисловие
- •Office work
- •1. Records management
- •Records Management
- •Vocabulary focus
- •Origins of Records and Archives
- •Vocabulary focus
- •The Challenge
- •Vocabulary focus
- •A Model Scheme of Service in the uk
- •Director of Records and Archives
- •Deputy Director of Records and Archives
- •Assistant Director of Records and Archives
- •Records and Archives Officer
- •Records and Archives Clerk
- •Assistant Records and Archives Clerk
- •Dialogue
- •History
- •Vocabulary
- •2. In the Office discovering connections
- •Offices
- •A Small Office Versus a Big Office
- •Vocabulary focus
- •Comprehension
- •Vocabulary focus
- •2½ Million pieces of paper are printed by computers every __________ and 60 million photocopies are made every _______.
- •Comprehension
- •Text 3 The Eternal Coffee Break
- •Vocabulary focus
- •Comprehension
- •Factory Models Work In The Office
- •Meetings
- •Dialogue a Busy Office Read the conversation in pairs and do the tasks below.
- •Telephoning: Getting Through
- •Computers
- •Обязанности секретаря
- •Listening Listening Comprehension I
- •Listening Comprehension II
- •Minutes
- •Listening Comprehension III
- •Discussion
- •Vocabulary
- •3. Job hunting discovering connections
- •Reading
- •Finding the Ideal Job
- •Vocabulary focus
- •Comprehension
- •The Ideal Job
- •Vocabulary focus
- •Comprehension
- •Job Applications
- •A Letter of Application
- •Curriculum vitae
- •Work in Bermuda!
- •Listening Comprehension I
- •Interviews
- •Listening Comprehension II Who Should We Short-list?
- •Panel Interviews
- •Correspondence
- •4. Business letter format discovering connections
- •Parts of Business Letters
- •I. Indispensable Parts of Business Letters
- •II. Optional Parts of Business Letters
- •Addressing Envelopes
- •Business Letter Layout
- •Modified Block Style
- •Useful Expressions and Phrases
- •Reading Specimen Letters
- •I. Letter Layout.
- •II. Parts of a Letter, Beginning and Ending.
- •III. References, Subjects, Notations and Copies.
- •F.G.Bending
- •Dialogue
- •Some things that you can check in your writing
- •Some things that can make a message unclear
- •5. Enquiries discovering connections
- •Replies to Enquiries
- •Useful expressions and phrases
- •Specimen letters
- •I. Import Enquiry.
- •II. Domestic Enquiry.
- •III. Export Enquiry.
- •Word List:
- •Comprehension
- •Dialogue
- •Points to remember
- •Vocabulary
- •6. Offers
- •Types of offers
- •Useful Expressions and Phrases
- • Expressions used in offers and contracts in connection with terms of payment
- •Reading Specimen Letters
- •I. Firm Offer.
- •II. Offer Without Engagement.
- •III. Declining Offers.
- •IV. Accepting Offers.
- •Word List:
- •Comprehension
- •Dialogue
- •7. Orders
- •Placing an order
- •Useful expressions and phrases
- •Specimen letters
- •I. Enclosing Printed Order Form.
- •II. Enclosing an Acknowledgement.
- •III. Import Order.
- •IV. Exchange of Cables.
- •V. Confirmation.
- •Word List:
- •To: Daniele Causio
- •Vocabulary
- •Business
- •8. Economy
- •Economics as an Academic Discipline
- •Vocabulary focus
- •1. Economy
- •3. Economic
- •5. Economically
- •The Basic Economic Questions: What? How? For whom? Read the text below and do the tasks that follow.
- •Vocabulary focus
- •Comprehension
- •Basic Kinds of Economic Systems Read the text below and do the tasks that follow.
- •The division of economic systems
- •Traditional economy
- •Market economy
- •Planned economy
- •Mixed economy
- •Participatory economics
- •The Three Sectors of the Economy
- •Depression
- •Конкуренция
- •Manufacturing and Services
- •Discussion
- •Vocabulary
- •Glossary
- •9. Companies
- •Forms of Business Organizations
- •Sole Proprietorship
- •Advantages
- •Disadvantages
- •Partnerships
- •Advantages
- •Disadvantages
- •Limited Companies
- •Advantages
- •Disadvantages
- •Vocabulary focus
- •Company Structure
- •Vocabulary focus
- •The Board of Directors
- •Investing in a Limited Company
- •Vocabulary
- •10. Management
- •What is Management?
- •Vocabulary focus
- •The General Manager
- •Vocabulary focus
- •Comprehension
- •Summary of General Management
- •Management and Human Resources Development
- •Vocabulary focus
- •Comprehension
- •Financial Management
- •Dialogue
- •Translation What Makes a Good Manager? Here are 10 Tips by Bill Gates
- •Listening The Retail Sector
- •Vocabulary
- •Glossary
- •Finance
- •11. Money and banking
- •Discovering connections
- •Money in the Modern World
- •Vocabulary focus
- •Comprehension
- •Vocabulary focus
- •Forms of Money
- •Vocabulary focus
- •Money is a Spectrum of Assets
- •Text 4 The Role of Banks in Theory
- •Vocabulary focus
- •Comprehension
- •Dialogue
- •Translation a) Read the two texts and translate them into Russian in writing.
- •B) Read the two texts and translate them into English in writing.
- •Listening c entral Banking
- •Role play Getting a Bank Loan
- •How soon do you want the loan repaid?
- •Discussion
- •Jokes Money is the root of all evil and a man needs roots!
- •Vocabulary
- •Glossary
- •12. Taxation
- •Discovering connections
- •Reading
- •Taxation (and how to avoid it!)
- •Vocabulary focus
- •Comprehension
- •The Income Tax
- •Vocabulary focus
- •Value Added Tax
- •Ex. 2. Make up the plan of the text.
- •Fiscal Policy
- •Double-taxation agreement
- •Listening Floating exchange rates versus a common currency
- •Vocabulary
- •13. Insurance
- •How much insurance money will you get?
- •Text 1
- •Insurance
- •Vocabulary focus
- •Term Insurance
- •Vocabulary focus
- •Whole Life Insurance
- •Vocabulary focus
- •Insurance Companies
- •Dialogue
- •A) Translate the text into English using the previous texts and the terms you have learnt. Оберег для вашего ребенка
- •Listening
- •Insurance
- •Vocabulary
- •Glossary
- •14. Marketing
- •Reading
- •The Centrality of Marketing
- •Vocabulary focus
- •The Marketing Concept
- •Marketing Plan
- •Vocabulary focus
- •Comprehension
- •Marketing Research
- •Vocabulary focus
- •Comprehension
- •Marketing Management
- •Comprehension
- •Marketing Department
- •Dialogue
- •Translation Making Sense of swot
- •Listening Listening Comprehension I The Story of the Swatch
- •Listening Comprehension II
- •Discussion
- •Vocabulary
- •15. Advertising
- •Advertising and Advertisements
- •Vocabulary focus
- •How companies advertise?
- •Vocabulary focus
- •The World of tv Commercials
- •Ex. 2. Identify these advertising media. Eight different ways of advertising are illustrated (one of them by the indirect means of sports sponsorship).
- •Commercial Advertising Media
- •The Four Major Promotional Tools
- •Public Service Advertising
- •Listening Comprehension I
- •Commercial 2
- •Commercial 3
- •Listening comprehension II
- •Listening comprehension III
- •Discussion
- •Vocabulary
- •16. International trade discovering connections
- •Reading
- •Protectionism and Free Trade
- •Vocabulary focus
- •Comprehension
- •Markets
- •Vocabulary focus
- •Comprehension
- •The Two Aspects of Foreign Trade
- •International Monetary Fund
- •Vocabulary focus
- •Dialogue Read the dialogue “ Shipping” in pairs and do the following exercises.
- •Translation Dell Tries to Crack South America
- •Listening Comprehension I
- •Listening Comprehension II
- •Vocabulary
- •Glossary
- •Tapescript
- •Tapescript 1 First version of the conversation
- •Second version of the conversation
- •Литература
Конкуренция
Конкуренция является одним из факторов экономического развития. Если Вы выставляете на продажу продукты или услуги в обществе с рыночной экономикой, есть вероятность того, что кто-либо еще попытается продать что-то подобное. И так как потенциальные покупатели вольны покупать там, где им нравится, Вы должны конкурировать с соперниками в борьбе за внимание этих покупателей. Существует три возможных способа конкуренции: цена, качество и инновации.
Как, снизив цены, по-прежнему добиваться значительной прибыли? Ответ, как Вы и ожидали, состоит в том, что более низкая цена привлечет больше покупателей. Даже если Вы зарабатываете меньше на единице товара, чем конкурент, Вы продаете больше, тем самым, получая большую совокупную прибыль.
Вместо того чтобы снижать цены, Вы можете бороться за внимание покупателей, предлагая им товары и услуги более высокого качества, чем у конкурента.
Система свободного рынка не только поощряет изменения в качестве и цене, но также способствует возникновению огромного разнообразия товаров и услуг, предлагаемых покупателю.
Изменения вкусов людей, рост технологий и атмосфера конкуренции постоянно создают новые возможности для развития бизнеса.
C) Translate the sentences into English in writing.
Экономика занимается изучением того, как работает общество.
Нехватка является одной из основных идей экономики.
В мире не хватает ресурсов, чтобы дать людям все, что они желают.
Обездоленными зачастую чувствуют себя не только бедные, но и достаточно обеспеченные граждане.
Экономика заботится о том, чтобы увеличивать богатство общества.
Основные три сектора экономики – сельское хозяйство, промышленность и сфера услуг – обычно развиты неравномерно.
Участие правительства в регулировании экономики зачастую приводит к пагубным для страны последствиям.
LISTENING
Manufacturing and Services
Two hundred years ago, the vast majority of the population of virtually every country lived in the countryside and worked in agriculture. Today, in what many people call ‘the advanced industrialized countries’, only 2 – 3% of the population earn their living from agriculture. But some people already talk about ‘the post-industrial countries’, because of the growth of service industries, and the decline of manufacturing, which is moving to ‘the developing countries’.
Is manufacturing industry important? Is its decline in the ‘advanced’ countries inevitable? Will services adequately replace it? Two opinions about this follow.
Ex. 1. Read this extract from an interview with the well-known Canadian economist, John Kenneth Galbraith, and answer the questions.
Why do people worry about the decline of manufacturing?
Which activities are as important as the production of goods?
Should people worry about this state of affairs?
We worry about unemployment and the loss of manufacturing industry in the advanced industrial countries only because we don t look at the larger social developments The US, for example, no longer depends on heavy industry for employment to the extent that it once did. This is related to a larger tact that has attracted very little discussion. After a country’s people are supplied with the physical objects of consumption, they go on to concern about their design. They go on to an enormous industry persuading people they should buy these goods; they go on to the arts entertainment, music, amusement – these become the further, later stages of employment And these are things that are extremely important. Paris, London, New York and so on do not live on manufacturing, they live on design and entertainment We do not want to consider that this is the solid substance of economics, but it is I don t think it is possible to stop this progressive change in the patterns of human consumption It is inevitable. (J.K. Galbraith in conversation with Steve Platt, New Statesman and Society) |
Ex. 2. Listen to a short interview with Denis MacShane, a British Member of Parliament for the Labour Party. Does he hold the same view as J.K. Galbraith?
Ex. 3. Now listen again and answer the following questions. Pay attention to the words in bold type.
Why does MacShane think that manufacturing has a future?
Why does MacShane think that manufacturing has a future in the advanced countries?
Why, however, is this manufacturing unlikely to solve the problem of unemployment?
What does MacShane mean by ‘in theory there should be no more manufacturing’ in Switzerland? (It is this theory that makes many people argue that manufacturing must move to ‘less-developed’ countries.)
Why does he say it is surprising for a British company to be Buying Swiss goods?
What is the reason he gives for the United States still being the richest nation in the world?
Ex. 4. Summarize both Galbraith's and MacShane's arguments in a short paragraph of fewer than 50 words.
Ex. 5. Do you agree with either of these views? Discuss your points with the rest of the class.
