Unit 7

Dental Restorations

Lesson 1

Types of Dental Restorations

Text: Types of Dental Restorations

Grammar: Conditional Sentences. Unreal Condition (Present)

I. Active Vocabulary

restoration sealant coating barrier to bond depression groove shield ionomer margin moisture customized to fabricate porcelain inlay lifespan to grind anchor veneer facing titanium post prosthesis full denture insufficient partial durable tough temporary

["restq'reISn] ['sJlqnt] ['kqVtIN] ['bxrIq] [bPnd] [dI'preSn] [gru:v] [SJld] [aI'Pnqmq] ['mRGIn] ['mOIsCq] ['kAstqmaIzd] [fxbrI'keIt] ['pPslJn 'InleI] ['laIfspxn] [graInd] ['xNkq] [vI'nIq] ['feIsIN] [tI'tenIqm 'pqVst] [prPs'TJsJz] [ful 'denCq] ["Insq'fISnt] ['pRSl] ['djVqrqbl] [tAf] ['temprerI]

протетична конструкція профілактичне покриття зубних фісур покриття бар’єр кріпити ввігнуття виступ, горбок щит,захист іономер край волога виготовл.індивідуально виготовляти порцелянова вкладка термін придатності спилювати кріплення венір лицева сторона титановий штифт протез повнознімний протез недостатній частковий витривалий, міцний жорсткий, твердий тимчасовий

II.Read, translate the text and answer the following questions

Types of Dental Restorations

Different types of dental restorations are designed to do specific jobs. There are many choices for repairing worn, decayed, damaged or missing teeth and restoring a healthy and beautiful smile. Depending on the nature of the problem, dentist will perform one of two types of dental restorations: direct or indirect.

• Direct dental restorations involve placing into a prepared tooth cavity immediately. This procedure can be done in a single office visit. The dentist chooses from a variety of options.

Dental sealant is a thin, plastic coating painted on the chewing surfaces of teeth - usually the back teeth (the premolars and molars) - act as a barrier to prevent tooth decay. The sealant quickly bonds into the depressions and grooves of the teeth, forming a protective shield over the enamel of each tooth. It’s usually utilized in children between 6-18 years as a preventative measure. Composite or white fillings are placed directly into the prepared tooth. They are used where the areas of decay are small.  Glass or resin ionomers are often used for replacements near the tooth root or other areas not subjected to heavy pressure from chewing. It is the ideal restorative material for: cavities with margins mainly in dentine; cavities close to the gingival margin, where moisture control is not possible.

• Indirect dental restorations involve customized tooth replacements. An indirect tooth restoration will require more than one office visit because they must be fabricated in a lab.

  Porcelain inlays are used in similar situations as fillings except a pre-made piece of ceramic material which is bonded into the tooth. The physical properties provide a lifespan of 2 to 3 times longer than a composite filling. Inlays are a top- quality alternative to the composite filling.    Porcelain onlays are used in situations where the tooth is fractured or has been severely decayed. The onlay is similar to the inlay described above except that the ceramic covers the entire or most of the biting surface. An onlay is more conservative in preparation than a crown, it does not cover the entire visible tooth structure, so there is no need to grind away all sides of the tooth.   Crowns (caps) are the most common single tooth restoration. Crown covers all sides of the tooth. It is used when there is limited tooth structure left, when an existing crown must be replaced, or when the tooth is an ‘anchor’ tooth for a fixed bridge.  Veneers are thin porcelain facings that cover the front side of teeth. They are used cosmetically to change the length, colour and shape of teeth.

Bridges are used to replace missing teeth when sufficient ‘anchor’ teeth are available on each side of the gap.

Implants are titanium posts surgically placed into the jawbone. After placement the bone grows around the (usually three-six months after placement) and later the restorative phase can begin. Implants are used to support various dental prosthesis ranging from single crowns to a full denture.

Dentures are used to replace missing teeth when insufficient teeth or no teeth remain to support fixed bridges or a patient is not a good candidate for dental implants. Partial or complete dentures can be metal or acrylic-based. 

1. What are different types of dental restorations designed for?

2. Will dentist perform dental restorations, depending on the nature of the problem?

3. How is direct dental restoration performed?

4. How many dental visits do direct dental restorations require?

5. Where are dental sealants bonded?

6. Who are the best candidates for dental sealants?

7. In what cases are composite fillings used?

8. What kind of dental restoration is used for cavities close to the gingival margin? Why?

9. Where are indirect dental restorations fabricated?

10. What is the alternative to the composite filling?

11.  Do porcelain onlays cover the visible or invisible tooth structure?

12. Crown covers all sides of the tooth, doesn’t it?

13. Are veneers used cosmetically or therapeutically?

14. When do we use implants?

15. What are the indications for using dentures?