
- •Contents
- •Unit 1: Everyday English and technical English
- •1. Read the text and decide if the statements are true (t) or false (f).
- •6. Finish the sentences.
- •7. Translate into English.
- •8. Answer the following questions.
- •9. Fill in the following table using the information from the text.
- •1) On learning English
- •I. Copy the underlined words and word-combinations, translate them into Ukrainian and learn them.
- •II. Read the text and answer the following questions.
- •2) Knowledge of foreign languages in people’s practical activity
- •I. Copy the underlined words and word-combinations, translate them into Ukrainian and learn them.
- •II. Give a short summary of the text in English in a written form.
- •Unit 2: My future speciality. Job hunting
- •1. Read the text and say what mechanical engineers do.
- •2. Match the following words and word-combinations with their translation.
- •3. Match the following words with their synonyms.
- •5. Translate into English.
- •6. Answer the following questions.
- •7. Make up sentences about a mechanical engineer using the following phrases:
- •8. Complete the following sentences and use them in the speech of your own.
- •1. Read the text and say if it is difficult to find a job.
- •3. Answer the questions to the text.
- •5. Match these important words you should know when you are looking for a job with their definitions.
- •6. Look at the words above. Choose one word for each blank.
- •7. Match the words and expressions in the box with the headings below.
- •8. Read the following dialogue. Check your understanding with the multiple choice comprehension quiz given below. Having a Hard Time Finding a Job
- •9. Read the text and say what the main features of a resume are.
- •11. Answer the questions to the text about a resume.
- •12. Richard Anderson decides to apply for one of the posts. Study his resume below. Answer the questions.
- •1234, West 67 Street,
- •13. Using the example from the upper exercise, write down your own resume.
- •14. Read the text and answer the questions.Translate the underlined words and phrases into Ukrainian.
- •15. Complete the conversation. Use the following words:
- •16. Match the following job interview questions with the correct answers.
- •17. Learn sample interview questions. Practise answering them.
- •18. The following sentences are the answers to the questions you are going to ask.
- •19. Imagine you are being interviewed by a careers officer. Complete the conversation.
- •20. What do you think is important in preparing for a job interview? Look at the suggestions below and then add five more.
- •1) Mechanical engineers
- •I. Copy the underlined words and word-combinations, translate them into Ukrainian and learn them.
- •2) Engineering profession
- •I. Copy the underlined words and word-combinations, translate them into Ukrainian and learn them.
- •III. Read the text and answer the following questions.
- •I. Copy the underlined words and word-combinations, translate them into Ukrainian and learn them.
- •II. What Dos and Don’ts are the most important for you? Explain why.
- •4) Application documents
- •I. Copy the underlined words and word-combinations, translate them into Ukrainian and learn them.
- •I. Copy the underlined words and word-combinations, translate them into Ukrainian and learn them.
- •III. What Dos and Don’ts are the most important for you to remember? Explain why.
- •1. Future speciality quiz.
- •2. Job hunting quiz.
- •3. How are your job hunting skills quiz.
- •Unit 3: Engineering/ machine-building
- •1. Read the text and say what engineering is.
- •1. Read the text and say why engineers must become more scientific and specialized.
- •2. Match the following words with their translation.
- •4. Using the information from the text complete the following diagrams.
- •6. Fill in the following table:
- •1. Read the text and say what the role of mechanical engineering is.
- •3. Answer the following questions to the text.
- •1. Read the text and say what modern engineering trends are mentioned in it.
- •2. Match the following words with their translation.
- •4. Answer the following questions to the text.
- •1. Read the text and say what the main shops in a machine-building plant are.
- •2. Find the following phrases in English in the text.
- •1) Machine-building in Ukraine
- •I. Copy the underlined words and word-combinations, translate them into Ukrainian and learn them.
- •II. Write out from the text: a) the characteristic features of machine-building in Ukraine; b) the priority industries; c) its main tools.
- •2) Machine-building in Berdychiv
- •I. Copy the underlined words and word-combinations, translate them into Ukrainian and learn them.
- •II. Give a short summary of the text in English in a written form.
- •3) The main trends in modern machine-building industry
- •I. Copy the underlined words and word-combinations, translate them into Ukrainian and learn them.
- •III. Answer the following questions.
- •4) The role of mechanical engineer at manufacture
- •I. Copy the underlined words and word-combinations, translate them into Ukrainian and learn them.
- •III. Answer the following questions.
- •5) Efficiency in engineering operation
- •I. Copy the underlined words and word-combinations, translate them into Ukrainian and learn them.
- •III. Make up the summary of the text.
- •1. Choose the correct variant.
- •2. Fill in the gaps in the following description of different branches of engineering.
- •3. Choose the correct word from the brackets in the text. Mechanical engineering and machine-building
- •Unit 4: Engineering materials and their properties
- •1. Read the text and say what engineering materials are used in it.
- •3. Use the information from the text and complete the following table. C lassification of Engineering Materials
- •4. Define whether the following sentences are true or false.
- •5. Answer the following questions.
- •1. Read the text and say why metals are widely used in industry.
- •3. Complete the following sentences.
- •4. Translate the following sentences into English using active vocabulary.
- •5. Answer the following questions.
- •1. Read the text and say corrosion is.
- •1) Changes in materials technology
- •I. Copy the underlined words and word-combinations, translate them into Ukrainian and learn them.
- •II. Answer the following questions.
- •III. Give your ideas as for the statements using the following expressions.
- •2) Working with new materials
- •I. Copy the underlined words and word-combinations, translate them into Ukrainian and learn them.
- •Aluminium
- •I. Copy the underlined words and word-combinations, translate them into Ukrainian and learn them.
- •III. Answer the following questions.
- •4) Metals and non-metals
- •I. Copy the underlined words and word-combinations, translate them into Ukrainian and learn them.
- •II. Answer the following questions.
- •5) Metals and alloys
- •I. Copy the underlined words and word-combinations, translate them into Ukrainian and learn them.
- •II. Answer the following questions.
- •1. Choose the right variant.
- •2. Change the words in brackets from Ukrainian into English. Machine-building materials
- •3. Fill in the missed words.
- •4. Answer the following questions.
- •Unit 5: Metalworking and welding
- •1. Read the text and say what the main metalworking processes are:
- •3. Match the terms with their right definitions.
- •4. Answer the following questions.
- •5. Translate the following sentences from Ukrainian into English using active vocabulary and information from the text to the subject.
- •1. Read the text and say what metal cutting is.
- •4. Find out whether the following statements are true or false.
- •5. Match the following parts of the sentences.
- •6. Answer the following questions to the text.
- •1. Read the text and say why welding is widely used nowadays.
- •3. Answer the following questions to the text.
- •4. Translate the following sentences from Ukrainian into English.
- •1) Metalworking and metal properties
- •I. Copy the underlined words and word-combinations, translate them into Ukrainian and learn them.
- •III. Answer the following questions.
- •2) Factors affecting machinability
- •I. Copy the underlined words and word-combinations, translate them into Ukrainian and learn them.
- •II. Answer the following questions.
- •3) Metal-Cutting Machines. Lathe
- •I. Copy the underlined words and word-combinations, translate them into Ukrainian and learn them.
- •II. Define whether the following statements are true or false.
- •III. Fill in the following scheme using the text.
- •4) Borys Paton
- •I. Copy the underlined words and word-combinations, translate them into Ukrainian and learn them.
- •III. Give a short summary of the text in English in written or oral form.
- •1. Choose the right variant.
- •2. Change the words in brackets from Ukrainian into English.
- •3. Fill in the right word into the sentences.
- •4. Make up word-combinations with the following words. Translate them into Ukrainian.
- •Unit 6: Mechanical properties of materials and mechanical working
- •1. Read the text and say what mechanical properties of materials depend on.
- •3. Answer the following questions to the text.
- •4. Translate into English.
- •1. Read the text and decide if the statements are true (t) or false (f).
- •3. Answer the following questions to the text.
- •1) Compression, tension, fatigue and creep of metals
- •I. Copy the underlined words and word-combinations, translate them into Ukrainian and learn them.
- •III. Answer the following questions.
- •2) Density, stiffness, strength, ductility, toughness and creep resistance of metals
- •I. Copy the underlined words and word-combinations, translate them into Ukrainian and learn them.
- •III. Answer the following questions.
- •1. Choose the right variant.
- •2. Fill in the right words into the sentences.
- •Unit 7: Machines and mechanisms
- •1. Read the text and name the main terms connected with the operation of any machine.
- •3. Match the words with their definitions.
- •4. Answer the following questions.
- •1. Read the text and name machine elements mentioned in it.
- •3. Fill in the appropriate words in the sentences.
- •4. Answer the following questions.
- •1. Scan the text quickly to find out which of these mechanisms are mentioned:
- •3. Read the text to find the answers to these questions.
- •4. The technical words in column a are similar in the meaning to more general English in column b. Match them.
- •5. Read the text and name the basic types of motions.
- •7. Match the terms with their definitions.
- •8. Answer the following questions.
- •1) Man and his machines
- •I. Copy the underlined words and word-combinations, translate them into Ukrainian and learn them.
- •III. Answer the following questions.
- •1. Choose the right variant.
- •2. Change the words in brackets from Ukrainian into English.
- •3. Fill in the right words into the sentences.
- •Unit 8: Machine-tools
- •1. Read the text and say what machine-tool is.
- •4. Answer the following questions to the text.
- •1. Read the text and name the most common types of machine-tools.
- •4. Answer the following questions.
- •1. Read the text and name the basic parts of a lathe.
- •4. Answer the following questions to the text.
- •5. Match the following word-combinations with their definitions.
- •1) Machine-tools – a measure of man’s progress
- •I. Copy the underlined words and word-combinations, translate them into Ukrainian and learn them.
- •2) British scientists and machine-tools
- •I. Copy the underlined words and word-combinations, translate them into Ukrainian and learn them.
- •II. Write out the main Henry Maudslay and Joseph Clement’s inventions.
- •3) What should you know before using a lathe?
- •I. Copy the underlined words and word-combinations, translate them into Ukrainian and learn them.
- •II. Write out the most important rules you should remember. Comment them.
- •4) Drilling machine
- •I. Copy the underlined words and word-combinations, translate them into Ukrainian and learn them.
- •5) Slotter
- •I. Copy the underlined words and word-combinations, translate them into Ukrainian and learn them.
- •6) Shapers and planers
- •I. Copy the underlined words and word-combinations, translate them into Ukrainian and learn them.
- •7) Grinding machine
- •I. Copy the underlined words and word-combinations, translate them into Ukrainian and learn them.
- •8) From the history of a lathe
- •I. Copy the underlined words and word-combinations, translate them into Ukrainian and learn them.
- •9) The main types of metal lathes
- •I. Copy the underlined words and word-combinations, translate them into Ukrainian and learn them.
- •1. Choose the right variant.
- •2. Fill in the right words into the text.
- •Unit 9: Modern machine-building
- •1. Read the text and say what the main headlines in modern engineering are.
- •4. Answer the following questions.
- •1. Read the text and say what automation is.
- •4. Answer the following questions.
- •5. Identify the following schemes and say which one gives the more exact content of the text.
- •1. Read the text and say what task Ukraine’s machine-building industry is facing now.
- •4. Answer the following questions.
- •1) Tomorrow’s Factory
- •I. Copy the underlined words and word-combinations, translate them into Ukrainian and learn them.
- •II. Fill in the following table using the text.
- •2) Lasers
- •I. Copy the underlined words and word-combinations, translate them into Ukrainian and learn them.
- •II. Place the following words and word-combinations into the proper category: a) physics; b) mechanics; c) electronics; d) engineering; e) chemistry.
- •3) Types of Automation
- •I. Copy the underlined words and word-combinations, translate them into Ukrainian and learn them.
- •III. Answer the following questions.
- •4) Robots
- •2. Fill in the right words into the text.
- •Unit 10: Computers in engineering
- •1. Read the text and say what spheres of our life we use computers nowadays.
- •6. Make up word-combinations and translate them into Ukrainian:
- •7. Answer the following questions.
- •1. Read the text and name the parts of computer system.
- •3. Read the text attentively & group the following words and word combinations into the following categories:
- •6. Which of the following statements are true/false.
- •1. Read the text and answer the following questions:
- •3. Which of the listed below statements are true/false? Specify your answer using the text.
- •4. Translate into English:
- •5. Questions for group discussion:
- •Internet
- •1. Read and answer the following questions.
- •2. Which of the listed below statements are true/false? Specify your answer using the text.
- •4. Translate into English:
- •5. Match the following:
- •Internet opportunities and services
- •1. Read the text and say what opportunities and services the Internet gives you.
- •2. Answer the following questions to the text:
- •6. Put the verbs into the correct tense form.
- •8. Translate the following sentences into Ukrainian:
- •9. Translate the following sentences into English:
- •10. Give the summary of the text in the exercise 1 using the following phrases-cliché:
- •Students’ individual work
- •1) The development of computers
- •Copy the underlined words and word-combinations, translate them into Ukrainian and learn them.
- •Fill in the following table:
- •2) Types of computers
- •Copy the underlined words and word-combinations, translate them into Ukrainian and learn them.
- •Answer the questions to the text:
- •3) Applications of the Process Industries
- •Copy the underlined words and word-combinations, translate them into Ukrainian and learn them.
- •Read the text carefully and put these events in the order they happened.
- •Are the sentences true or false? Correct the false ones.
- •5) From the history of the Internet
- •Copy the underlined words and word-combinations, translate them into Ukrainian and learn them.
- •Answer the following questions.
- •6) Internet’s future
- •Copy the underlined words and word-combinations, translate them into Ukrainian and learn them.
- •Make up a short summary of the text. The list of used sources
Міністерство освіти і науки України
Бердичівський коледж промисловості, економіки та права
АНГЛІЙСЬКА МОВА
ПРОФЕСІЙНОГО СПРЯМУВАННЯ
Навчальний посібник
для студентів спеціальностей 5.05050302 „Технологія обробки матеріалів на верстатах і автоматичних лініях” та 5.05050311 „Хімічне і нафтове машинобудування”
Бердичів
2011
Рецензент:
кандидат філологічних наук, доцент, завідуюча кафедри англійської мови ЖДУ ім. І. Франка Семенюк І.С.
Навчальний посібник з англійської мови для студентів спеціальностей 5.05050302 „Технологія обробки матеріалів на верстатах і автоматичних лініях” та 5.05050311 „Хімічне і нафтове машинобудування”. Укладач Ю.Л. Турська. – Бердичів: БКПЕП, 2011.
Розглянуто та схвалено предметною комісією іноземних мов БКПЕП. Протокол № 1 від 31.08.2011.
Даний навчальний посібник складено відповідно до вимог навчальної програми курсу англійської мови професійного спрямування для студентів денного відділення спеціальностей 5.05050302 „Технологія обробки матеріалів на верстатах і автоматичних лініях” і 5.05050311 „Хімічне і нафтове машинобудування”.
Основна мета посібника – ознайомлення студентів з професійно-орієнтованими текстами; вдосконалення навичок ознайомлювального, переглядового та вивчаючого читання; загального та точного розуміння тексту; усного мовлення; анотування та реферування технічної літератури за фахом.
Посібник складається з 10 розділів. Тексти, вміщені до посібника, добиралися з оригінальних джерел і охоплюють актуальні проблеми сучасної науки та техніки. Тематика текстів не тільки забезпечує багатий лексико-граматичний навчальний матеріал, а й має велике пізнавально-виховне значення. Перший розділ роз’яснює основні відмінності повсякденної та технічної англійської мови, які студенти мають знати та вміти користуватися ними при перекладі фахової літератури. У другому розділі студенти ознайомлюються з особливостями своєї майбутньої професії, вимогами, які ставляться до молодих спеціалістів, специфікою роботи у галузі машинобудування, основними проблемами під час працевлаштування та шляхами їх вирішення. Тексти третього розділу націлені на дослідження машинобудівної галузі промисловості, визначення її ролі та значення у сучасному суспільстві. Четвертий розділ висвітлює загальні властивості інженерних матеріалів, їх використання у виробничому процесі, а також досліджує явище корозії. У п’ятому розділі мова йде про основні процеси обробки матеріалів, їх особливості. Механічні властивості матеріалів та фактори, що впливають на них, студенти вивчають у шостому розділі. Про машини та механізми йдеться у сьомому розділі. Восьмий розділ дає загальну характеристику верстатів, їх функцій та виділяє основні види верстатів, що використовуються у сучасному виробничому процесі. На характерних рисах сучасного машинобудування, його основних тенденціях та автоматизації виробництва зосереджується увага студентів у дев’ятому розділі. Комп’ютерна техніка та її використання на виробництві – головний акцент десятого розділу.
Методичний посібник передбачає виконання різних видів робіт, спрямованих на накопичення, систематизацію та засвоєння лексичного матеріалу під час аудиторних занять та самостійної роботи студентів.
Contents
UNIT 1: Everyday English and technical English 4
UNIT 2: My future speciality. Job hunting 11
UNIT 3: Engineering/ machine-building 36
UNIT 4: Engineering materials and their properties 52
UNIT 5: Metalworking and welding 69
UNIT 6: Mechanical properties of materials and mechanical working 86
UNIT 7: Machines and mechanisms 95
UNIT 8: Machine-tools 107
UNIT 9: Modern machine-building 122
UNIT 10: Computers in engineering 137
Unit 1: Everyday English and technical English
Word list:
to increase – зростати; збільшувати(ся); посилювати(ся) in order to – для того, щоб to dwell on (upon) – докладно зупинятися на чомусь a peculiarity – особливість; специфічність a reason– причина, привід, підстава to denote – позначати meaning – значення to appear – з’являтися to borrow – запозичувати origin – походження to cause – спричиняти, завдавати, викликати |
to contain – містити (мати) в собі; вміщувати frequency – частота; частотність to occur – траплятися frequently – часто rarely – рідко, нечасто impersonal – безособовий; що не стосується певної особи concise – стислий; короткий primarily – головним чином, першочергово to master – опановувати, оволодівати, вивчати to acquire a thorough knowledge – отримувати ґрунтовні знання |
Exercises to the subject:
1. Read the text and decide if the statements are true (t) or false (f).
The contacts between people increase and it is very important to study foreign languages nowadays.
English is native or the first language for the most population of Great Britain, the USA, Canada, Australia, and New Zealand. Besides, there are many countries, former British colonies (India, Nigeria, Ghana), where English is not a native language, but the second language with the official status in education and administration, and for communication between speakers of other languages.
English is one of the five official languages of the United Nations Organization. It is the working language of the General Assembly and Security Council of the UNO.
In Ukraine, higher school students and postgraduates study English in order to use it in their future practical activity. As you are students of technical speciality, we’ll dwell on some peculiarities of technical English.
Many people consider technical English to be very difficult. There are a number of reasons why it is difficult. The first and the most important problem is the vocabulary. Scientists and technologists use many ordinary words to denote new technological meanings. With the development of science and technology new words appear in the languages, many new terms are borrowed from other languages. Each branch of science and technology has its own terminology. Many of them have Latin or Greek origin and are often international. Some technical words borrowed from everyday English (power, roll, stress, strain, etc.) often cause much greater difficulty than terminology. In addition to terms, a text on some special problem usually contains so-called learned words (approximate, feasible, initial etc).
Grammatical patterns and models are the same as in everyday English, but there is a difference in the frequency with which certain grammatical forms occur. The Passive Voice of verb forms, the constructions Subject and Complex Object are frequently used. The first person singular is not generally used. Simple tenses are rarely used.
The style of most scientific texts, besides being impersonal, is also very concise. It is so because the author-scientist is writing primarily for other scientists.
In order to master technical English the learner must acquire a thorough knowledge of everyday literary English with its grammar, vocabulary and rules of word formation. Then it will be easier for him to learn the peculiarities of technical English.
1. English is native for most countries of the world.
2. China is a former colony of Great Britain.
3. Students consider technical English to be very difficult.
4. Some technical words borrowed from everyday English cause much greater difficulty than terminology.
2. Match the following words and word-combinations with their translation.
1. scientist 2. branch 3. foreign language 4. difficulty 5. pattern 6. native language 7. working language 8. learned words 9. learner 10. knowledge |
a) робоча мова b) книжкові слова c) рідна мова d) галузь e) іноземна мова f) важкість g) знання h) той, хто вчиться i) зразок j) вчений |
3. Match the following words and word-combinations with their synonyms.
-
1. peculiarity
2. reason
3. vocabulary
4. communication
5. origin
6. terminology
7. frequency
8. difference
9. word formation
10. administration
a) language, words, lexicon
b) source; root, derivation
c) language, terms, vocabulary
d) distinctive feature, distinguishing characteristic
e) contrast, distinction
f) derivation
g) management, government
h) contact, conversation
i) cause or motive
j) oftenness
4. Match the following words with their antonyms.
-
1. increase
2. difficult
3. important
4. ordinary
5. appear
6. international
7. same
8. impersonal
9. concise
10. singular
a) special, rare
b) plural
c) different
d) personal
e) decrease, fall
f) unimportant
g) easy
h) lengthy, long
i) disappear, vanish
j) national
5. Find the following phrases in English in the text.
-
- вивчати іноземні мови;
- студенти ВНЗ та після-дипломники;
- використовувати в майбутній практичній діяльності;
- ряд причин;
- розвиток науки та техніки;
- кожна галузь науки та техні-ки;
- на додаток до; крім того, до того ж;
- певні граматичні форми;
- пасивний стан дієслова;
- суб’єктний та об’єктний інфі-нітивні комплекси;
- перша особа однини;
- прості часові форми;
- повсякденна літературна мова;
- правила словоутворення;
- вивчити особливості технічної англійської мови.