5. Observe the words and phrases from the text “Documentation in Logistics”:

   air waybill (AWB)	авианакладная транспортного груза
   bill of lading (BOL)	грузовая накладная; коносамент; транспортная накладная
   bill of exchange	вексель
   certificate of origin	сертификат о происхождении груза
   commercial invoice	коммерческий счет-фактура
   consular invoice	консульский счет-фактура
   customs invoice	таможенный счет-фактура
   destination control statement	заявление о контроле места назначения
   dock receipt	доковая расписка
   export license	разрешение (лицензия) на экспорт
   export packing list	упаковочный лист
   to honour	оплачивать трату или акцептовать
   insurance certificate	страховое свидетельство
   to itemize	перечислять по пунктам
   letter of credit (L/C)	аккредитив
   merchandise	товар
   quality certificate	сертификат качества
   net	сальдо (о прибыли, доходе, весе)
   port of embarkation	порт погрузки
   warehouse receipt	квитанция на товар

6. Read and translate the text: Documentation in Logistics

When preparing to ship a product overseas, the exporter needs to be aware of packing, labeling, documentation, and insurance requirements. As the goods are shipped by unknown carriers to distant customers, the new exporter must be sure to follow all shipping requirements to help ensure that the merchandise is packed correctly so that it arrives in good condition; labeled correctly to ensure that the goods are handled properly and arrive on time and at the right place; documented correctly to meet local and foreign government requirements as well as proper collection standards; and insured against damage, loss, and pilferage¹ and, in some cases, delay. The following documents are commonly used in exporting:

Air waybill: A consignment note for goods sent by air that serves as a receipt for the shipper, indicates that the carrier has accepted the goods listed, obligates the carrier to carry the consignment to the airport of destination according to specified conditions.

Bill of lading (BOL): A transportation document that is the contract of carriage containing the terms and conditions between the shipper (owner of the goods) and the carrier. The customer usually needs the original or a copy as proof of ownership to take possession of the goods.

Bill of exchange: A written request from a creditor to a debtor ordering the debtor to pay a specified sum to a specified person or bearer at a certain date.

Certificate of origin: An international business document that certifies the country of origin of the shipment (export item). Such certificates are usually obtained through a semiofficial organization such as a local chamber of commerce.

Combined transport document: A consignment note for goods sent by more than one means of transport.

Commercial invoice: It is an official document which includes basic information about the transaction, i.e. the name and address of the buyer and seller, the description of the product(s) being shipped, and their value for customs, insurance, the delivery and payment terms. The buyer needs the invoice to prove ownership and to arrange payment.

Consular invoice: A document, required by some foreign countries, describing a shipment of goods and showing information such as the consignor, consignee, and value of the shipment. Certified by the consulate of the foreign country to which the goods are being shipped and usually must be prepared in the language of that country, it is used by the country's custom for controlling and identifying goods.

Customs invoice: Extended form of commercial invoice required by customs.

Destination control statement: This statement appears on the commercial invoice, ocean or air waybill of lading, and Shipper’s Export Declaration to notify the carrier and all foreign parties that the item may be exported only to certain destinations.

Dock receipt and warehouse receipt: It is used to transfer accountability when the export item is moved by the domestic carrier to the port of embarkation and left with the international carrier for export.

Export license: A document which is granted by a government authority and states that specified goods can be exported.

Export packing list: Considerably more detailed and informative than a standard domestic packing list, an export packing list itemizes the material in each individual package and indicates the type of package: box, crate, drum, carton, and so on. It shows the individual net, legal, tare, and gross weights and measurements for each package.

Inspection certification: Some purchasers and countries may require a certificate of inspection attesting to the specifications of the goods shipped, usually performed by a third party. Inspection certificates are often obtained from independent testing organizations.

Insurance certificate: If the seller provides insurance, the insurance certificate states the type and amount of coverage. This instrument is negotiable.

Letter of credit: An international business document that assures the seller that payment will be made by the bank issuing the letter of credit upon fulfillment of the sales agreement; a letter from a banker authorizing a person to draw money up to a specified amount, usually from another bank.

Release for shipment:

Documentation must be precise. Slight discrepancies or omissions¹ may prevent merchandise from being exported, result in exporting firms not getting paid, or even result in the seizure of the exporter's goods by local or foreign government customs. The number of documents the exporter must deal with varies depending on the destination of the shipment. Because each country has different import regulations, the exporter must be careful to provide proper documentation. If the exporter does not rely on the services of a freight forwarder, there are several methods of obtaining information on foreign import restrictions:

Foreign government embassies and consulates can often provide information on import regulations. The Air Cargo Tariff Guidebook lists country-by-country regulations affecting air shipments.

The National Council on International Trade Documentation (NCITD) provides several low-cost publications that contain information on specific documentation commonly used in international trade.