Тема 7. Indefinite (Simple) Tenses (неопределенное время) Образование

В разговорной речи для образования будущего неопределенного времени используется вспомогательный глагол will (отрицательная форма will not = won't, краткая фор-ма 'll):

I He They 'll come on time	Я Он Они приду придет придут вовремя
I You She won't be late	Я Ты Она не опоздаю опоздаешь опоздает

Вопросительная форма:

When will you he they arrive?

Когда ты он они прибудешь? прибудет? прибудут?

В официальной устной и письменной речи для образования 1-го лица единственного и множественного числа будущего времени используется вспомогательный глагол shall, который в разговорной речи сокращается и имеет форму 'll.

• I shall come to London in March. or I'll come to London in March. - Я приеду в Лондон в марте.

Все времена системы indefinite употребляются для обозначения обычных, регулярных действий в настоящем, прошедшем или будущем, а также для описания последовательных действий и констатации фактов.

Present indefinite tense (настоящее неопределенное время)

Глаголы в PresentIndefinite совпадают по форме с инфинитивом (неопределенной формой), но употребляются без частицы «to». В третьем лице единственного числа глаголы имеют окончание –s.

Example:

Утвердительная форма:

• I work in militia.

• You work in militia.

• He works in militia.

• She works in militia.

• It works in militia.

• We work in militia.

• You work in militia.

• They workin militia.

Вопросительная и отрицательная формы:

Вопросительная и отрицательная формы (кроме глагола tobe) образуются с помощью вспомогательного глагола «do» или «does» (в 3-м лице единственном числе).

Examples:

Вопросительная форма:

• Do I work in court?

• Do you work in court?

• Does he/she/it work in court?

• Do we work in court?

• Do you work in court?

• Do they work in court?

Отрицательная форма:

• I do not workwith tort law.

• You do not work with tort law.

• He/she/it does not work with tort law.

• We do not work with tort law.

• You do not work with tort law.

• They do not work with tort law.

Past indefinite tense

Утвердительная форма образуется двумя способами:

1) если глагол правильный, то прибавляется суффикс –ed во всех лицах и числах

2) если глагол не правильный, он имеет особую форму.

Формы прошедшего времени наиболее употребительных глаголов:

• To be – was, were

• To get – got

• To have – had

• To do – did

• To go – went

• To come – came

• To take – took

• To understand – understood

• To see – saw

• To give - gave

Examples:

John is a right protector, but now he is in bed asleep. He is not protect right (he is asleep), but he protests rights (he is a right proctor) - Джонзащитникправ, носейчасонспитвкровати. Он сейчас не защищает права (он спит), но вообще он защищает права (он защитник прав).

Marry was a lawyer, but yesterday she was in hospital, she was sick. She was not protect rights yesterday. But she was a lawyer. – Мэрри была адвокатом, но вчера она попала в больницу, она была больна. Она не зашишала права вчера, но по сути она адвокат.

Tommy will be a police man, but tomorrow he will not work, because tomorrow is holiday. Томмиполицейский, нозавтраоннавыходных.

Упражнение 1. Поставьте глагол в нужную форму.

1. I(be/was) in militia yesterday.

2. The lectures at the institute (began/begin) at 9 o’clock.

3. I (went/go) to the institute

4. Excuse me, (did/do) you speak English?

5. (close/closes) at 18:30 every day.

6. What time (do the bank close/does the bank close)inBritain?

7. What (does you do/do you do). “I’m an electrical engineer”

8. Where (do you father come/does your father come) from?

9. I (plays/play) the piano,

10. but I (doesn’t play/don’t play) very well

Упражнение 2. Вставьте глагол to be в Past Simple.

My aunt … very depressed last Sunday. The weather … terrible. It … cold and rainy. Her husband … not at home. He … at hospital because he … sick. Her children … not only upset, they … very angry. The neighbours … in the living room. The TV … broken. The children … not only upset, they … very angry. The neighbours … not happy because her children … too noisy. The house … not clean. The sink … broken. There … dirty dishes on the kitchen table and in the sink. There … nothing in the fridge. There … nothing in the fridge. There … no vegetables for dinner, there … no juice for her children. There … not even bread in the house! She … tired and hungry. She … just exhausted.

Упражнение 3. Заполните пропуски в предложениях.

1. What ... your name? — My name ... Shirley Frank. 2. What ... your address? — My address ... 175 Grand Central Parkway. 3. What... your

phone number? — My phone number ... 718-1930. 4. Where ... you from? — I ... from New York. 5. I ... a pupil. 6. My father ... not a teacher, he ... a scientist. 7. ... your aunt a doctor? — Yes, she ... . 8. ... they at home? — No, they ... not at home, they ... at work. 9. My brother ... a worker. He ... at work. 10. ... you an engineer?

Упражнение 4. Вставьте глагол to be в Present, Past или Future Simple.

1. The students ... in the Russian Museum. 2. Last month they ... in the Hermitage. There ... an interesting exhibition there. 3. In two weeks they ... in the Tretyakov Gallery. They... lucky. 4. My father ... a teacher. 5. He ... a pupil twenty years ago. 6. I ...a doctor when I grow up. 7. My sister ... not ... at home tomorrow. 8. She ... at school tomorrow. 9. ... you ... at home tomorrow? 10. ... your father at work yesterday?

Упражнение 5 Переведите на английский язык, употребляя глагол to be в Present Simple.

1. Как тебя зовут? — Меня зовут Аня. 2. Какой твой адрес? — Мой адрес: Оксфорд Стрит, 45. 3. Откуда ты родом? (... приехала?) — Я из Лондона. 4. Кто он (на фотографии)? — Это мой отец. 5. Как его зовут? — Его зовут Джон. 6. Где он? — Он в Лондоне. 7. Я Лена, а это Коля. Он мой брат. Ему 10 лет, а мне 12 лет. Мы из Петербурга. 8. Я ученик. Я в школе. 9. Мой брат — художник. Он не инженер. 10. Моя сестра на работе. Она врач.

1) (do) you (work) in police last year?

A) did … work C) did … works

B) do … works D) do … work

2) (do) he (see) suspect of victim?

A) does … saw C) did … see

B) do … see D) do … saw

3) I (like) my work as a judge.

A) like C) did like

B) likes D) liked

4) He (be) a militiamen.

A) do C) is

B) was D) were

5) My friend (be) a lawyer

A) do C) is B) was D) were

6) He (read) a constitution last night

A) reads C) read

B) reading D) was read

7) I (catch) many criminal persons, when I (be) a policemen

A) catch, is C) catch, were

B) catched, was D) catch, was

8) (do) you (listen) music last night?

A) did, listen C) does, listen

B) do, listened D) was, listen

9) I (do not) play basket ball yesterday.

A) did not C) do not

B) does not D) was not

10) I (answer) all the questions.

A) answer C) answered

B) will answer C) be

11) I (help) my friend to do his work.

A) help C) helps

B) helped D) helping

12) I (open) the window in the morning

A) opened C) was open

B) open D) were open

13) (use) a fireguards.

A) use C) uses

B) used D) was use

14) We (do not ) work yesterday.

A) did not C) do not

B) does not D) was not

15) I (learn) English 5 years ago.

A) learned C) learns

B) learn D) was learn

16) I (come) home late.

A) come C) did come

B) came D) has come

17) She (go) to the cinema on Saturday.

A) goes C) does go

B) will go D) go

18) I (do) it tomorrow.

A) will do C) does

B) do D) go

19) I (do) it next time.

A) shall do C) did

B) does D) do

20) Student (do) this work in a week.

A) will do C) did

B) shall do D) do

21. There isn’t a cloud in the sky, but it (be) cloudy in the morning.

A) is C) were

B) was D) be

22. Mrs. Clay usually finished her work at half past three, but she (finish) it later yesterday afternoon.

A) finish C) finished

B) finishes D) was finish

23. Every day I help my mother work the house, but last week I was very busy with my exam. So I (not/help) her much.

A) not helped C) not help

B) didn’t helped D) didn’t help

24. Tom isn’t playing tennis tomorrow afternoon, he (not/play) tennis yesterday.

A) doesn’t play C) didn’t played

B) didn’t play D) doesn’t played

25. We generally have lunch at 12.30, but yesterday we (have lunch) later.

A) had lunch C) had lunch

B) have lunched D) lunches

KEYS

Ex1.

1.Was 2. Begin 3. Go 4. Do 5. Closes 6. Does the bank close 7. Do you do 8. Does your father come 9. Play 10. Don’t play

Ex2.

My aunt was very depressed last Sunday. The weather was terrible. It was cold and rainy. Her husband was not at home. He was at hospital because he was sick. Her children were not only upset, they were very angry. The neighbours were in the living room. The TV was broken. The children were not only upset, they were very angry. The neighbours were not happy because her children were too noisy. The house was not clean. The sink was broken. There were dirty dishes on the kitchen table and in the sink. There was nothing in the fridge. There was nothing in the fridge. There were no vegetables for dinner, there was no juice for her children. There was not even bread in the house! She was tired and hungry. She was just exhausted.

Ex3.

1. is, is. 2. is, is. 3. is, is. 4. are, am. 5. am. 6. is, is. 7. is,

is. 8. are, are, are. 9. is, is. 10. are, am.

Ex4.

1. The students are. 2. They were, there was. 3. They will be, they are.4. My father is. 5. He was. 6. I shall be. 7. My sister will not be. 8.She will be. 9. Will you be. 10. Was your father.

Ex5.

What's your name? — My name is Ann. 2. What's your address? — My address is 45 Oxford Street. 3. Where are you from? — I'm from London. 4. Who is he (in this photograph?) — He is my father. 5. What is his name? — His name is John. 6. Where is he? — He is in London. 7. I am Lena and this is Nick. He is my

1. brother. He is ten (years old) and I am twelve (years old). We are from St. Petersburg. 8. I am a pupil. I am at school. 9. My brother is a painter. He is not an engineer. 10. My sister is at work. She is a doctor.