II. Match antonyms from 1) and 2):

1. to move, to arm, to create, to invade, to unite, to ban, to succeed in doing sth., to decline;

2. to prosper, to liberate, to separate, to stand, to allow, to disarm, to fail to do sth., to destroy.

III. A) Read the text “From the History of Great Britain” and translate it into Ukrainian;

b) learn the topical vocabulary:

to shape — формувати

to inhabit — населяти

to oust — виживати, витісняти

invasion — вторгнення

to involve — включати, залучати

to inherit — успадкувати

descendant – нащадок

to replace — замінити

to decline – занепадати

manufacturing country – промислова країна

powerful nation – могутня держава

to fall away – йти в небуття, занепадати

From the History of Great Britain

Great Britain has a glorious history of its development as a country. It took centuries to shape a powerful state after a lot of wars into which Great Britain was involved.

About 2 000 years ago the British Isles were inhabited by the Iberians, then the Celts, who originally came from the continental Europe to oust the Iberians who had come from Mediterranean long before the Celts developed their civilization.

During the next 1 000 years there were many invasions. The Romans came from today’s Italy in AD 43 and calling the country "Britannia" gave Britain its name. The Angles, Saxons and Jutes came from today’s Germany, Denmark and the Netherlands in the 5^th century, and England gets its name from this invasion (Angle-lands).

The Vikings arrived from today’s Denmark and Norway throughout the 9^th century, and in 1066 the Normans invaded Britain from France. These invasions drove the Celts into Cornwall, Wales and Scotland, and they remained in Ireland. The English are the descendants of all the invaders, but are more Anglo-Saxons than anything else. In the 15-th century a Welsh prince, Henry Tudor became King Henry VII of England. Then, his son, King Henry VIII united England and Wales under one Parliament in 1536 by Act of Union. When Queen Elizabeth I of England died without children, the King of Scotland inherited the crown of England and Wales in 1603. So, he became King James I of England, Wales and Scotland. But only a century later in 1707 England and Scotland were joined by Act of Union, which abolished the Scottish parliament. The whole of Ireland was united with Great Britain from 1801 up until 1922. It was in 1922 when the Catholic South became the Irish Free State (later the Irish Republic) and the Protestant North continued to be part of the United Kingdom with its own local parliament in Belfast.

The history of the United Kingdom is the story of how a small island country became the world's most powerful nation – and then declined. In the 1700s, the British began the Industrial Revolution and made the United Kingdom the world's richest manufacturing country. The British ruled the seas, and were greatest traders. .By 1900, they had had an empire that covered about a fourth of the world's land and included about a fourth of its people. They spread their way of life throughout their empire.

Then came the 1900s and the shock of two cruel world wars. The British Empire began to fall away. The UK faced one economic crisis after another. Today, the UK is still a leading industrial and trading nation. But it is no longer the world power it once was.

Exercises to the topic.