D.I. Mendeleyev

D.I. Mendeleyv, the great Russian chemist, was born in Siberia on February 8, 1834. At the age of 16 he entered the Pedagogical Institute in St.Petersburg, physico - mathematical department. He graduated from the institute in 1855 and was invited to lecture on theoretical and organic chemistry at the Technological Institute and then at the University.

In 1865 Mendeleyev was granted the Doctor of Science Degree for a thesis on the combination of alchohol with water. This work was both of theoretical and significance.

Soon after that D.I. Mendeleyev was appointed Professor of General Chemistry of St. Petersburg University. He carried on great research work there.

Mendeleyev’s greatest discovery was the Periodic Law. His Periodic Law opened a new era in the history of chemistry. His numerous works dealt with many subjects: properties of liquids, theories of solutions, the development of the gas law, the use of oil and many others.

D.I. Mendeleyev was a greatest patriot. He did everything for the development and progress of his country. He continued his research work to the very last day of his life. He died in 1907. At present everybody knows this Russian scientist.

1. Answer the questions

1. Who was D. Mendeleyev?

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2. When and where was he born?

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3. What institute did he graduate from?

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4. What did D. Mendeleyev discover in 1860?

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5. Whom did he become after returning to Russia?

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6. What branches of science was he interested in?

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7. What did he discover?

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2. Make up a short story about d. Mendeleyev

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Task II.

Read and translate the text «N. D. Zelinsky».

Chemistry –хімія

Scientist – науковець

To appoint –призначати

National recognition –національне визнання

To prepare – приготувати

Mask – маска

Organization –організація

Organic chemistry – органічна хімія

Several – декілька

Principal part –головна частина

To develop – розвивати

Development –розвиток

Outstanding – видатний

Highest - найвищий

N. D. Zelinsky

N.D. Zelinsky was born on February 6, 1861 in Tiraspol. He graduated from the University in Odessa in 11884. In 1885 he was sent abroad to have practice in research work. After returning he gave lectures in general chemistry at the same University.

In 1893 he came to Moscow. D. Mendeleyev found out about his arrival and the scientists met. Mendeleyev helped him, and Zelinsky was appointed a professor at Moscow University in the chair of analytical and organic chemistry. That year marked the beginning of Zelinsky’s various activities at Moscow University, where he worked to the very last days of his life.

One of the works carried out at that period brought his national recognition. Zelinsky was the first to prepare the activated charcoal and invent the Zelinsky universal charcoal gasmask.

In 1934 took an active part in the organization of the institute of Organic Chemistry.

Several principal parts in organic chemistry were found and developed by Zelinsky. He built a large school of his own and educated a real army of chemists. For his outstanding activities Zelinsky was awarded the highest orders. He died on July 31, 1953, at the age of 92.