Vocabulary exercises to be done at home

Exercise 7. Do exercises 1, 2, 3 again. Repeat exercise 4.

Exercise 8. a). Give English equivalents for:

1. рятуватися від небезпеки забруднення

2. відновити сухе зняте молоко

3. Порошок незбираного молока

b). Give Ukrainian equivalents for:

1. maintained at that point to kill all organisms present

2. the danger of being a disease-carrier

3. Vitamin C content

4. desiccated milk

5. average about 28% fat

6. light yellowish powder

7. lands itself

8. to enriching the diet by addition to

Exercise 9. Прочитайте уважно текст. Зробіть грамотний, з точки зору спеціаліста, переклад.

Exercise 10. Answer the following questions:

1. How do we obtain sterilized milk?

2. Where do we use desiccated milk?

3. What is the difference between dry whole and dry skim milk?

TEST

Exercise 11. Translate into English choosing the right equivalents from the text.

1. Ми стерилізуємо молоко, щоб не піддавати його подальшому забрудненню.

2. Сухе незбиране молоко, яке має м'який кремовий колір, містить в середньому 28% жиру, а сухе зняте молоко (білий або злегка жовтуватий порошок) - в середньому - 0,5% жиру.

3. Порошок незбираного молока відновлюється додаванням 1 фунта сухого молока і 3 ¾ води.

Exercise 12. Look through the text and try to speak on:

1. The process of sterilizing milk.

2. The obtaining of dry milk.

3. The wide usage of dry milks in different branches of light industry.

Unit IV

Vocabulary exercises

WORDS TO REMEMBER

Exercise 1. Read the words aloud several times and memorize them.

manufacture [ˌmænju'fækʧə] (n) - виробництво

Do we need fresh products for the manufacture of baby diet goods?

Do you know about the manufacture of dry milk?

Is the manufacture of milk products in our country of a large scale?

require [rɪ'kwaɪə] (v) –  мати потребу (в чому-небудь) , вимагати 

(чого-небудь); відчувати необхідність (у чому-небудь)

What does the manufacture of pasteurized milk require?

What do we require fresh milk for?

Do children require cow`s milk or sheep`s milk for their daily consumption?

essential [ɪ'senʃl] (adj) –  істотний, істотно важливий, необхідний; основний

What is essential for human diet?

Do you scientists make an essential contribution into the electronics?

Why is milk so essential for the growth of organism?

obtain [əb'teɪn] (v) – одержувати, отримувати, діставати, здобувати

Can we obtain different substances in the laboratory?

Do we usually obtain milk products of high quality?

What may be obtained from milk?

starter ['stɑːtə] (n) – чиста закваска

What do we use starter for?

How can we obtain starter (naturally or in the laboratory)?

What starters do you know?

avoid [ə'vɔɪd] (v) – уникати

How can we avoid the contamination of milk products?

Have you ever tried to avoid any danger?

Do you avoid silly persons?

carry ['kærɪ] (v) –  нести, носити; переносити

Can you carry heavy objects?

Who carries your things when you are late for the train?

How can we carry milk from one town to another?

pure [pjuə] (adj) –  чистий; без домішок

Is the water in Baikal pure?

Can we obtain pure uranium in the laboratory?

What may be pure?

inoculate [ɪ'nɔkjuleɪt] (v) – робити запобіжне щеплення, прищеплювати вічком, інокулювати

Have you been inoculated against diseases in your childhood?

Why do we inoculate some fruit trees?

Can we inoculate animals?

curd [kɜːd] (n) – зсіле молоко; сичугова закваска

Do we obtain curd from the milk?

Is the curd used for manufacturing bread?

Where else do we use curd?

curdle ['kɜːdl] (v) – згортати, згущати (молоко, кров); зсідатися, скипатися (про молоко, кров)

Why does milk curdle sometimes?

What else may be curdled?

Do you like curdled milk?

cream [kriːm] (n) –  вершки

Do you like cream?

Is it useful to drink cream every day?

Does the cream contain much fat?

What colour is the cream?

frequently ['friːkwəntlɪ] (adv) – часто

Do you eat cream frequently?

How do we call people who frequently go to the theatre?

How frequently do you have laboratory works in analytical chemistry?

discard [dɪs'kɑːd] (v) – викидати, списувати (через непридатність) 

Why must we discard spoiled food?

Do we punish people who discard bread?

Must we discard curdled milk?

assure [ə'ʃuə] (v) – забезпечувати, гарантувати

What does our constitution assure to Ukrainian people?

What can assure the continuous process of manufacture of high quality milk products?

treatment ['triːtmənt] (n) – обробка

How do we call the treatment of different objects by chemical?

Does the treatment by gases require great care?

How do we call process of treatment milk by high temperature?

prevent [prɪ'vent] (v) – запобігати, попереджати

What does heat treatment of milk prevent?

Who can prevent the war on our planet?

Why is it necessary to prevent arms race?

ADDITIONAL VOCABULARY

Exercise 2. Look through the words and try to remember them.

entire (adj) – повний, цілий, весь

acclimate (v) – акліматизувати

inhabitant (n) – житель, мешканець

medium (n) – середовище

facilities (n) – сприятливі умови

reliable source – надійне джерело

plug (v) –  затикати, закупорювати; вставляти пробку, затичку, заглушку

vat (n) – чан, бак; цистерна

stirrer (n) – (лабораторна) мішалка

bulk (n) –  основна маса, більша частина

Exercise 3. Learn the most common and useful words.

both … and – і… і

throughout – увесь час, протягом усього часу

as –  як 

for – на

either … or – або… або…

without – без

nevertheless – все-таки, як би то не було