Раздел 1 Mining Education (Горное образование) (14 часов)

Text The Moscow Mining Academy

The Moscow Mining Academy was established in 1918. The main task of the Academy was to train mining engineers and technicians, to popularize technological achievements, to work on mining problems and to direct scientific research.

There were three departments in the Academy: mining, geological-prospecting and metallurgy. The two scientists A.M. Terpigorev and M.M. Protodyakonov wrote the first textbook on machinery for mining bedded deposits.

Much credit for the establishment of the Academy is due to Academician I.M. Gubkin, a prominent geologist and oil-expert.

In 1925 the Moscow Mining Academy was one of the best educational institutions in Russia. It had well-equipped labopatories, demonstration rooms and a library.

The Academy established close contacts with the mining industry. The scientists carried out scientific research and worked on mining problems. The rapid growth of the mining industry called for the training of more highly-qualified specialists and the establishment of new educational institutions.

New collieries and open- cast mines, concentration plants, metallurgical works and metal-working factories for processing non-ferrous and ferrous metals appeared in the country. The Academy alone could not cope with the problem of training specialists. In 1930 the Academy was transformed into 6 independent institutes. They were the Moscow Mining Institute and the Moscow Institute of Geological Prospecting and others.

Структура повествовательного предложения.

В повествовательном предложении в английском языке существует твердый порядок слов.

0	1	2	3			4
Обсоят-во времени	Подлежащее	Сказуемое	Дополнение			Обсоят-во места, времени
			косвенное	прямое	предложное
а) b)Today c)	The Academy our lectures The teacher	gives begin asked	students	exellent education questions	in general and special subjects. at the lesson	at 10.20a.m. yesterday.

Урок 2

Text Mining Education in Russia (4часа)

In Russia young people get mining education at special institutes. The total number of students includes full-time students, part-time students and postgraduate students.

At the geological institutes students specialize in geology, the science which deals with different problems connected with the Earth, its history, the study of rocks, their physical and chemical properties. Geology is both a theoretical and an applied science. Mining geology includes economic geology.

The outstanding Russian geologist V.A. Obruchev says that geology is the science of the Earth which reveals to us how the Earth took shape, its composition and its changes.

Higher mining schools offer courses in mining technology, machinery and transport, electrical engineering, industrial electronics, automation, surveying, geodesy.

Computer science is also of great importance. Software and hardware technology helps solving problems. Laboratory work is an important part in training specialists. Experiments in laboratories and workshops develop the practical skills of students.

The students go through practical training at mines, plants and other industrial enterprises. Here they get practical knowledge for their diploma papers.

A lot of students belong to the scientific groups. They take part in the research projects. Sport centres give the students opportunities to play sports such as tennis, football, basketball, swimming, water polo, boxing, wrestling and others. Students graduate from higher mining schools as mining engineers, ecologists, geologists, economists and managers for mining industry.

Общие и специальные вопросы. Разделительный вопрос.

Общий вопрос не содержит вопросительного слова, всегда требует ответа «да» или «нет» и начинается со вспомогательного глагола или глагола-связки.

Is Great Britain rich in mineral resources? – Yes, it is.

Do you understand me? – No, I don’t.

Have you got a brother? – Yes, I have.

Ответы на общие вопросы обычно краткие. Краткая форма ответа состоит из слова yes или no, подлежащего, вспомогательного глагола.

Порядок слов в общем вопросе

Вспомогат. глагол	Подлежащее	Сказуемое	Второстепенные члены предложения			Краткий ответ
			Определение	Дополнение	Обстоят-во
Does Did	he the engineer	read study	English a foreign	articles? language	at school?	Yes, he does. No, he didn’t.

Специальные вопросы относятся к какому-нибудь члену предложения, начинаются с вопросительного слова. Специальные вопросы всегда требуют полного ответа, в котором сообщается информация.

Where где? куда?

When когда?

Who(m) кто?, кого?, кому?

What какой? Что?

Which какой? при выборе)

What kind of… какой?

Whose чей?

Why почему?

How как?

В вопросах к подлежащему и его определению сохраняется прямой порядок слов и не используюся вспомогательные глаголы do, does, did.

Порядок слов в вопросе к подлежащему

Подлежащее—вопрос. слово	Основной глагол	Второст. члены предложения	Ответ на вопрос
Who Кто Whose book Чья книга	works работает is	at the mine? на шахте? on the table? на столе?	The miners do. Шахтеры. Mine. Моя.

В вопросах к другим членам предложения за вопросительным словом следует вспомогательный глагол, затем подлежащее, основной глагол, затем второстепенные члены предложения.

Порядок слов в специальном вопросе

Вопросительн. слово	Вспомогат. глагол	Подлежащее	Основной глагол	Второст. члены предложения	Член предложения, к которому задан вопрос
What When Where	does do did	the manager you they	do get up buy	every day? in the morning? the mining equipment?	Дополнение Обстоят-во времени Обстоят-во места

Разделительный вопрос

Разделительный вопрос состоит из утвердительного или отрицательного предложения и краткого вопроса, имеющего то же подлежащее (всегда местоимение), и вспомогательный глагол.

Если предложение отрицательное, то краткий вопрос утвердительный, и наоборот – если предложение утвердительное, то краткий вопрос содержит отрицание. Краткий вопрос переводится «не так ли», «не правда ли».

This is a good idea, isn’t it?

You are Mr. Smith, aren’t you?

He hasn’t any brothers, has he?

She didn’t see him yesterday, did she?

Tom lives in London, doesn’t he?

Sue went shopping, didn’t she?