3. Presentation №1 “English-speaking countries” Week 8

Tasks / Тапсырмалар:

1. Text “Metals and Nonmetals”

2. Grammar: Numerals.

1. Read and translate the text metals and nonmetals

There are some distinctions between metals and nonmetals. Metals are distinguished from nonmetals by their high conductivity for heat and electricity, by metallic lustre and by their resistance to electric current. Their use in industry is explained not only by those properties, but also by the fact that their properties, such as strength and hardness, can be greatly improved by alloying them with other metals.

There are several important groups of metals and alloys. The common metals such as iron, copper, zinc, etc. are produced in great quantities.

The so-called precious metals include silver, gold, platinum and palladium. The light metals are aluminum, beryllium and titanium. They are important in aircraft and rocket construction.

Many elements are classified as semimetals (bismuth, for example) because they have much poorer conductivity than common metals.

Nonmetals (carbon, silicon, sulphur) in the solid state are usually brittle materials without metallic lustre and are usually poor conductors of electricity. Nonmetals show greater variety of chemical properties than common metals do.

Metals can undergo corrosion, changing in this case their chemical and electromechanical properties. In order to protect metals from corrosion the products made of metals and steel are coated by some films (coatings). Organic coatings protect metals and steel from corrosion by forming a corrosion-resistant barrier between metal or steel and the corrosive environment.

Translate and learn the new words:

1. lustre

2. property

3. quantity

4. conductivity

5. solid state

6. brittle

7. undergo

8. to protect from

9. environment

10. alloy

11. poor conductor

12. distinction

13. strength

14. hardness

Answer the questions:

1. By what properties are metals distinguished from nonmetals?

2. What common metals are produced in great quantities?

3. What metals are called light?

4. What properties do nonmetals have?

5. What is done to protect metals from corrosion?

Fill in the gaps with suitable words:

There are some different groups of metals, such as:

1. Light metals:.... a) iron, copper, zinc

2. Common metals:.... b) silver, gold, platinum

3. Precious metals:... c) aluminum, beryllium, titanium

Nonmetals are .... a) carbon, silicon, sulphur

b) aluminum, beryllium, titanium

2. Grammar:

Numerals

Numerals

Numbers 23 – twenty-three 247 – two hundred and forty-seven 3,200 – three thousand two hundred 2,045,328 – two million forty-five thousand three hundred and twenty-eight

Dates in 1972 – in nineteen seventy-two May 9, 1945 – May the ninth, nineteen forty-five in 1905 – in nineteen o [ou] five in 2000 – in two thousand

Fractions 1/2 kilometre – half a kilometre 1/3 ton – one third of a ton 0.5 – point five 3.152 – three point one five two

MODEL 1:1 + 3 = 4 One plus (and) three is/equals four.

MODEL 2: 5 - 2 = 3 Five minus two is/equals three.

MODEL 3: 2 x 2 = 4 Two (times) multiplied by two is/equals four.

MODEL 4: 4:2 = 2 Four divided by two is/equals two.

Exercise1: Indicate English variant:

13; 5; 11; 12; 201; 698; 10,575; 1.022; 0.85; 5.3; 1/2; 11/2; 25/6; 675 miles; on page 733; by bus 9; in room 218; on the 12^th day; at the beginning of 1999; on November 7^th , 1974.

Exercise 2: Translate into English:

1. 9 мая 1945 года. 2. 23 февраля 1917 года. 3. К 31 января 1971. 4. В ноябре 1957. 5. К 27 ноября. 5. 9 января 1812. 6. В 2006 году. 7. 8,750 книг. 8. 3,500 студентов. 9. 375,285 машин. 10. 30 часов.

Week 9

Tasks / Тапсырмалар:

1. Text “The hydraulic grinder”

2. Grammar: Pronouns