- •Language and area Lecture 1
- •Introduction
- •Brief geographical outline
- •Lecture 2 history of the united kingdom
- •Lecture 3 The Theme: national symbols of great britain and national characterisyics
- •The history and design of the union flag or union jack
- •2. The royal coat of arms
- •3. The british national anthem
- •4. National emblems
- •5. The patron saints of england, wales, scotland and ireland
- •National characteristics. National stereotype (part 2)
- •Lecture 4 religion in the united kingdom
- •Lecture 5 stratification in british society
- •1. Classification of the people of britain into classes
- •Lecture 6 the political system of the united kingdom
- •The united kingdom, a constitutional monarchy
- •2. The legislative branch of power
- •The House of Commons
- •3. The executive branch of power
- •4. Political parties
- •5. Judiciary Plan
- •2. Courts and crimes
- •Sentencing
- •Appealing
- •2. The comprehensive, selective and private systems of education
- •The Comprehensive System
- •3. Examinations
- •4. School year
- •Higher education
- •Lecture 8 traditions, manners, customs, special festivals, holidays
- •I. Britain round the calendar
- •5. St. Valentine’s Day – February 14
- •I’ll be your sweetheart, if you will be mine,
- •II. Festivals and fairs
- •III. Traditional ceremonies in london
- •IV. Engagements, weddings, births and funerals
- •1. Getting Engaged
- •2. Weddings The Forms of Marriage
- •VII. Manners
- •Lecture 9 cultural life in great britain
- •1. Various interests in great britain
- •2. Painting Painting in England in the 15th -17th centuries
- •Painting in England in the 19th and 20th centuries
- •3. Sculptures and architecture
- •4. Art galleries and museums
- •5. Cinema
- •6. The british theatre today
- •7. Music life
- •8. Folk music
- •Independent personal work texts for reading
- •I. Mass media
- •II. British youth
- •III. Environment
III. Traditional ceremonies in london
1. Inside Buckingham Palace. There are two addresses in London that the whole world knows. One is 10 Downing Street, where the Prime Minister lives. The other is Buckingham Palace. This famous palace, first built in 1703, is in the very centre of London. It is two places, not one. It is a family house, where children play and grow up. It is also the place where presidents, kings, and politicians go to meet the Queen.
Buckingham Palace is like a small town, with a police station, two post offices, a hospital, a bar, two sports clubs, a disco, a cinema, and a swimming pool. There are 600 rooms and three miles of red carpet. Two men work full-time to look after 300 clocks. About 700 people work in the Palace.
2. The Queen’s Day. When the Queen gets up in the morning, seven people look after her. One starts her bath, one prepares her clothes, and one feeds the Royal dogs. She has eight or nine dogs, and they sleep in their own bedrooms near the Queen’s bedroom. Two people bring her breakfast. She has coffee from Harrods, toast, and eggs. Every day for fifteen minutes, a piper plays Scottish music outside her room and the Queen reads the Times.
Every Tuesday evening, she meets the Prime Minister. They talk about world news and have a drink, perhaps a gin and tonic or a whisky.
3. An Invitation to the Palace. When the Queen invites a lot of people for dinner, it takes three days to do the washing up. Everybody has five glasses: one for red wine, one for white wine, one for water, one for port, and one for liqueur. During the first and the second courses, the Queen speaks to the person on her left and then she speaks to the person on her right for the rest of the meal. When the Queen finishes her food, everybody finishes, and it is the time for the next course.
4. Changing the Guard. One of the most impressive and popular displays of royal pageantry is changing the Guard, which takes place every day, including Sunday, at 11.30.
The troops who take part are selected from the five regiments of Foot Guards. Their numbers are dependent on whether the Queen is in residence or not. These form the famous Brigade of Guards, and they consist of the Grenadiers, the Coldstream Guards, and the Welsh, Irish and Scots Guards.
Each regiment has two colours – a royal one and a regimental one. The royal colour can be seen only when the Queen is at home. Sometimes the colour is decorated with a laurel wreath. The laurel wreath signifies the anniversary of a battle in which the regiment was engaged.
The history of Foot Guards goes back to 656, when Charles II of England, during his exile in Holland, recruited a small bodyguard. This bodyguard was made a regiment later on. It became the first bodyguard for the Sovereign. It acquired the title of Coldstream after it had marched from Coldstream, near Brewick-upon-Tweed when fighting against Cromwell.
The Brigade of Guards serves as a personal bodyguard to the Sovereign. When the Queen is in residence at Buckingham Palace, there is a guard of four sentries. Only two are on duty when she is away from London.
5. The Ceremony of the Keys. Every night at 9.53 p.m. the Chief Warder of the Yeomen Warders (beefeaters) of the Tower of London light a candle lantern and then makes his way towards the Bloody Tower. In the Archway his Escort await his arrival. The Chief Warder, carrying the keys, then moves off with his Escort to the West Gate, which he locks, while the Escort “present arms”. Then the Middle and Byward Towers are locked.
The party then return to the Bloody Tower Archway, and there they are halted by the challenge of the sentry. “Halt!” he commands. “Who goes there?” The Chief Warder answers, “The keys.” The sentry demands, “Whose keys?’ “Queen Elizabeth’s keys,” replies the Chief Warder. “Advance, Queen Elizabeth’s keys: all’s well,” commands the sentry.
Having received permission to proceed through the Archway, the party then forms up facing the Main Guard of the Tower. The order is given by the officer-in-charge to “Present Arms.” The Chief Warder doffs his Tudor-style bonnet and cries, “God preserve Queen Elizabeth.” “Amen,” answers the Guard and the Escort.
At 10 p.m. the bugler sounds the “Last Post”. The Chief Warder proceeds to the Queen’s House, where the keys are given into the custody of the Resident Governor and Major.
The Ceremony of the Keys dates back 700 years and has taken place every night during that period, even during the blitz of London in the last war. On one particular night, April 16, 1941, bomb blast disrupted the ceremony, knocking out members of the Escort and Yeomen Warders. Despite this, the duty was completed.
Only a limited number of visitors are admitted to the ceremony each night. Application to see it must be made at least forty-eight hours in advance at the Constable’s office in the Tower. Visitors with permission are admitted at 9.40 p.m. and leave at 10 p.m.