Завдання до теми

1. Виконати перекладацький аналіз та перекласти текст “Non-Ferrous Metals and Nonmetallic Materials”.

NON-FERROUS METALS AND NONMETALLIC MATERIALS

Alloy steels are those in which some alloying element in addition to the carbon is present in some appreciable quantity. The principal alloying elements used in steel are nickel, chromium, vanadium, molybdenum, manganese, and to lesser extent, copper, tungsten, cobalt, beryllium and boron.

Among non-ferrous metals copper is the most important. Because of its high electric conductivity about 60 p. c. of all the copper produced is used in electrical work. Three chief groups of copper alloys used in machine design are brasses (copper-zinc alloys), bronzes (copper-tin alloys), and nickel-copper alloys.

Aluminium is one of the lightest metals used for machine construction. It is commonly used alloyed with copper, silicon or magnesium, the world's lightest structural metal.

Intensive chemical research has created a large number of nonmetallic synthetic materials grouped under the general term of plastics, e. g. bakelite, plexiglass, textile fibres, synthetic rubber and several protective coatings.

Heat-treatment is the process of controlled heating and cooling of metals to change their structural arrangement and to ensure certain desirable properties.

Annealing consists of heating the metal to a temperature slightly above the critical temperature and then cooling slowly to produce an even grain structure, reduce the hardness, and increase the ductility.

Normalizing is a form of annealing in which the material is cooled in the air.

Quenching or rapid cooling from above the critical temperature by immersion in cold water or some other cooling medium, is a hardening treatment.

Tempering consists of reheating the quenched metal to restore ductility to some extent and reduce the brittleness.

2. Знайти особливі граматичні структури та визначити способи їх перекладу.

3. Скласти міні-словник.

Контрольні питання

1. Які є особливості опису технологій та виробничих процесів?

2. Як стиль англійської технічної мови відрізняється від української?

Література: [8, с. 127-134; 10, с. 50-54].

Практичне заняття № 8

Тема. Переклад технічної документації

Мета: ознайомлення з методами перекладу технічної документації.

Короткі теоретичні відомості

1. Однозначність тексту.

2. Можливість суміжного розташування однокореневих слів.

3. Повторюваність словосполучень.

4. Відсутність слів, які не мають конкретного семантичного навантаження.

Завдання до теми

1. Виконати перекладацький аналіз та перекласти текст “Plastics”.

PLASTICS

Synthetic plastic materials are now being used in almost every type of industry for one purpose or another. They are available in practically all colours and for almost all purposes where metal can be used, except where a very high degree of strength is required. They are lighter in weight than any common metals and are sufficiently hard to take the place of metal parts for most purposes.

Plastics are synthetic in the sense that they do not occur naturally. The molecules are composed principally of carbon, hydrogen, nitrogen and oxygen, which are derived from petroleum, coal, salt, air and water. Their properties depend, to some extent, on size of the molecules of which they are composed.

In early stages of manufacture most plastics are monomers composed of small single molecules, but under the influence of heat, or of heat and pressure, or of chemical catalysts these small molecules combine to form long-chain molecules which make up solid or semisolid structures. This process is called "polymerization".

The modern plastics industry deals chiefly with materials manufactured from organic compounds.

2. Скласти міні-словник.

Контрольні питання

1. Які є особливості перекладу технічних термінів?

2. Чому потрібно додержуватись принципу «єдності термінології»?

3. Чим можна пояснити «сухість» викладу технічного тексту?

Література: [7, с. 58-62; 8, с. 138-142].