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Practical material

1. Reading practice. Train the Fall-Rise in pairs. Change the roles:

1. - 'Do you a/ gree with me?

- \/ Yes.

2. - 'When are you 'moving \in?

- \/Soon.

3. - This is \Hilda’s book.

- \/Mine.

4. – There were 'seven \boys.

- \/Six.

5. - Ten /shillings, you say?

- \That’s / right.

6. - He is a di\rector now.

- I must con\gratulate him when I / see him.

7. - I 'don’t 'know \what to do a/ bout it.

- If 'I were \/you…(I would wait and see what happens)

8. - I’ll 'take this 'pile of \plates.

- \/Careful

9. - That 'milk is 'nearly / boiling.

- \/Watch.

10. - 'Daddy’s a\sleep.

- \/Quietly

11. - Can 'jack and 'Jill come to/ tea?

- \Bill / can.

12. - 'Fred said it was in \May.

- \That’s / wrong.

13. - I’m 'almost / ready.

- \Please hurry / up.

14. - 'See you on / Friday.

- \Right you / are.

2. Train the “undivided” Fall-Rise in the following sentences:

1. He 'can’t hear \/me. 8. You 'can’t go without a \/hat.

2. It 'isn’t \/steady. 9. I 'doubt if she ever \/will.

3. You 'won’t \/see him. 10 . We 'know where it \/is.

4. I’m 'not \/wanted. 11. I 'know he is 'very well \/read.

5. 'Joan can \/hear us. 12. It 'must be 'finished in \/time.

6. He’s the 'last 'person to 'want to 13. You 'needn’t 'do it at \/once.

\/hurt you

7. I 'know there 'isn’t 'very 14. It 'wasn’t 'very suc\/cessful.

3. Train the “divided” Fall-Rise in the following sentences. Write tonograms for them:

1. \Jolly / good. 6. He \asked me to / do it.

2. \Here you / are. 7. How \are you, Mr. / Richard?

3. \Many / thanks. 8. What \shall I / do, Paul?

4. \That’s e/ nough. 9. Well, \what’s the / time, please?

5. We \don’t / mind. 10. Oh, \why can’t you come on / time for once?

4. Reading practice. Train 5 Nuclear Tones:

1. It’ll be \/good.

2. / What did you say?

3. It was I’ for / you.

4. \I shall do it.

5. /Where was it?

6. /Possibly?

7. Re\/member.

8. \So / sorry.

9. 'When are they \coming?

10. \My books are fairly / new.

11. 'Weren’t they in /time?

12. He could have \/wired.

13. 'Where have you \been?

14. It 'can’t be / mine.

15. The 'man was a\/sleep.

16. 'These are \awful ones.

17. Did he 'leave it /here?

18. How d’you \know he won’t come?

19. You can 'have it to/morrow.

20. You 'saw him /when?

21. She 'never 'really 'looks very \/well.

22. /How long do you want to keep it?

23. She 'won’t 'do it any 'better than you /do.

24. Would you 'like a'nother 'lump of /sugar?

25. It’s \always the /same.

Rise-fall

The Rise-Fall (RF)starts in the middle of the voice range, then rises to a high pitch level and then quickly falls to a low pitch.

The realization of the Fall-Rise varies with the number of syllables in the word in which the tone is used and with the location of stress.

In a monosyllabic word the rise and fall are realized in one syllable, e.g. ^Oh! ^Fine!

In a word of two syllables, the first of which is stressed, the stressed syllable is pronounced with a high rise, and the unstressed one – on a very low pitch, e.g. ^Fancy!

In a three-syllable word, the first of which is stressed, the stressed syllable is pronounced on a medium level tone, the second one (unstressed) – is very high pitched and the last (unstressed) syllable is very low pitched, e.g. ^Wonderful! On the ^contrary!

The Rise-Fall is final and categoric in character. It shows that the speaker is greatly impressed (whether favourably or not). This tone has an intensifying function very similar to the use of the word “even”. It is highly emotional. It is used in different communicative types of the sentences.

In statements the Rise-Fall adds them some warmth, admiration, sarcasm, indignation etc., thus emphasizing either positive or negative emotion, according to the situation. The speaker is very impressed.

e.g. ^Very good!

The Rise-Fall in general questions makes them sound impressed, challenging, antagonistic, censorious.

e.g. Is he ^really interested?

If the Rise-Fall is used in short comments consisting of a form verb + a personal pronoun, it means that the speaker accepts what has been said and is impressed by it.

e.g. 1. - He shot an elephant! 2. - They’ve nowhere to live!

- ^Did he ?! - ^Haven’t they?!

The Rise-Fall in special questions sounds challenging, antagonistic.

e.g. Why ^should I?

^How?

In imperatives it sounds as if the speaker were disclaiming responsibility (отказываться ответственности).

e.g. - I don’t want to play.

- ^Don’t , then.

In exclamations it is used when the speaker is impressed.

e.g. ^Splendid!