Плани семінарських занять

PRACTICAL CLASS 1

THEORETICAL AND METHODOLOGICAL ASPECTS OF TRANSLATION. BASIC NOTIONS OF TRANSLATION.

1. Translation as a notion and subject. Different approaches to translation definition.

2. Theory of translation and its tasks.

3. The general theory of translation: object and objectives.

4. Special theories of translation.

5. Functional, structural and semantic identification of the translation with the ST.

6. Ambiguity problem in translation.

7. Disambiguation factors.

8. Equivalence in translation.

9. Types of equivalents.

References:

1. Korunets’ I.V. Theory and Practice of Translation. – Vinnytsia: New Book, 2003. – P.10-13.

2. Miram G.E., Daineko V.V., Taranukha L.A., Gryshchenko M.V., Gon O.M. Basic Translation. – Київ: Ельга Ніка-Центр, 2003. – P. 30-39; 58-64.

3. Komissarov V.N., Koralova A.L. A Manual of Translation from English into Russian – М.: Высшая школа, 1990. – C. 4-30.

4. Максимов С.Є. Усний двосторонній переклад (англійська та українська мови). Курс лекцій та матеріали до семінарських занять. – К.: Вид. центр КНЛУ, 2002. – С. 6-8.

5. Комиссаров В.Н. Теория перевода (лингвистические аспекты). – М.: Высшая школа, 1990. – С. 6-93; 135-157.

Additional Sources:

1. Бархударов Л.С. Язык и перевод. – М.: Международные отношения, 1975. – С. 5-26.

2. Коптілов В. Першотвір і переклад. – К.: Дніпро, 1972. – С. 3-11.

3. Рецкер Я.И. Теория перевода и переводческая практика. – М.: Международные отношения, 1974. – С. 24-28.

4. Швейцер А.Д. Перевод и лингвистика. – М.: Воениздат, 1973. – С. 6-16.

5. G.Miram Translation Algorithms: Introduction to Translation Formalization. – K.: Tvim Inter, 1998. – P. 7-22.

PRACTICAL ASSIGNMENT

Define the type of equivalent: full or partial. In the latter case point out the missing aspect (semantic, syntactic or pragmatic):

A. London – Лондон;

Ukraine – Україна;

January – січень;

Sunday – неділя;

Syntagmatics – синтагматика;

Mammal – ссавець;

Metaphor – метафора;

Thousand – тисяча.

B. Годинник – watch; clock; timepiece (bookish).

Дзеркало – mirror; looking glass;

Рука – hand, arm;

Нога – leg; foot;

Велосипед – bicycle; tricycle;

Stove – плита (кухонна); піч;

Cold – нежить; застуда;

Cherry – вишня, черешня.

С. He was seen the first to come – Бачили, що він прийшов першим.

It was felt to be hopeless – Відчувалось, що це безнадійно.

Chester liked the moving day to be dry and fair – Честеру подобалось, що в день переїзду була суха гарна погода;

I can’t write with you standing there, Margery – Я не можу, Марджері, писати, коли ти стоїш там.

D. Keep off the grass – по газонам не ходити;

To fall below one’s standards – не відповідати прийнятому стандарту;

бути не на належному рівні;

To climb up the ladder – робити кар'єру;

Black in the face – багровий, червоний (від гніву, напруги);

Обережно, пофарбовано! – Wet paint!

Стоянка заборонена – No Parking!

E. Зелений – green;

(недосвідчений) – verdant;

зелений горошок – green peas;

зелений театр – open-air stage;

зелений хлопчисько – greenhorn;

зелена вулиця – green, go;

давати зелену вулицю – to give open passage; to give the go-ahead;

туга зелена – utter boredom;

зелене будівництво – laying out of parks;

зелений борщ – sorrel soup;

потопати в зелені – to be buried in verdure.

F. Blue – синій, блакитний;

Blue eyes – блакитні очі;

Blue water – відкрите море;

Blue blood – “блакитна кров”; аристократичне походження;

Blue Monday – прогул після свята;

Once in a blue moon – дуже рідко;

Blue Book – Синя Книга (збірник офіційних документів; парламентських стенограм);

Blue stocking – синя панчоха; педантка, вчена жінка;

Blue John – (амер. розм.) збиране молоко; прокисле молоко;

Blue collar worker – (розм.) робітник;

To tell blue stories – розповідати непристойні анекдоти.

PRACTICAL CLASS 2

THEORETICAL AND METHODOLOGICAL ASPECTS OF TRANSLATION. BASIC NOTIONS OF TRANSLATION.

1. Basic approaches to translation (basic translation theories/ methods).

2. The trends (schools) in the science of translation.

3. The problem of faithfulness in translation.

4. The main principles of faithful translation.

5. Faithful vs equivalent translation.

6. Pragmatics of translation.

7. Translation varieties.

8. Significance of translation.

9. Translation and teaching of foreign languages.

References:

1. Korunets’ I.V. Theory and Practice of Translation. – Vinnytsia: New Book, 2003. – P. 13-33, 88.

2. Miram G.E., Daineko V.V., Taranukha L.A., Gryshchenko M.V., Gon O.M. Basic Translation. – Київ: Ельга Ніка-Центр, 2003. – P. 40-54; 111-127.

3. Komissarov V.N., Koralova A.L. A Manual Of Translation from English into Russian – М.: Высшая школа, 1990. – C. 43-55.

4. Комиссаров В.Н. Теория перевода (лингвистические аспекты). – М.: Высшая школа, 1990. – С. 94-109, 209-226. .

Additional Sources:

1. Алексеева И.С. Введение в переводоведение: Учеб. пособие для студентов филол. и лингв. фак-тов высших учебных заведений. – СПб: Филологический факультет СПбГУ; М.: Издательский центр «Академия», 2004. – С. 5-26.

2. Коптілов В. Теорія і практика перекладу: Навчальний посібник. – К.: Юніверс, 2002. – С. 4-17.

3. Максимов С.Є. Усний двосторонній переклад (англійська та українська мови). Курс лекцій та матеріали до семінарських занять. – К.: Вид. центр КНЛУ, 2002. – С. 8-10.

4. Федоров А.В. Основы общей теории перевода (лингвистический очерк). – М.: Изд-во «Высшая школа», 1968. – С. 15-33, 144-155.

PRACTICAL ASSIGNMENT

№ 1. Define the way of translation:

Provider – провайдер;

постачальник.

Party whip – “партійний батіг”;

парламентський партійний організатор, що стежить за дисципліною у партійній фракції.

Know-how – ноу-хау;

Broker – брокер.

Clearing – кліринг;

безготівкові розрахунки між банками.

Barter – бартер;

товарообмін.

Область – oblast;

region.

Player – гравець;

учасник гри на економічному, фінансовому полі.

Hostage – заручник;

Public relations – паблік рілейшнз;

піар;

зв’язки з громадськістю.

Fruitful cooperation – плідне співробітництво.

Futile efforts – марні зусилля.

Backbencher – задньолавочник.

Skyscraper – хмарочос.

Wallnewspaper – стінгазета.

Hero city – місто герой.

A system of checks and balances – Система перевірок та противаг.

Financial Times – Файненшнл Таймз

№ 2. Comment upon the pragmatic adaptation of the translation:

1. У наступному році “Світоч”розпочне будівництво нових виробничих корпусів.

Next year the Svitoch confectionary in Lviv will begin to build new production facilities.

2. Богдан Хмельницький очолював повстання проти польського панування в Україні з 1648 року.

The Hetman of the Zaporizhian Cossacks Bohdan Khmelnytskyi had been leading a revolt against Polish rule in Ukraine since 1648.

3. На Банківській це питання вже вирішено.

At the President’s Administration in Bankivska Street, this issue has been solved.

4. All he did was lift the Atlantic Monthly off his lap and try to chuck it on bed, next to me.

Просто він узяв журнал з колін і хотів кинути його на ліжко, де я сидів.

5. The Prime-Minister spoke a few words from a window in Number 10.

Прем’єр-міністр промовив декілька слів з вікна своєї резиденції.

6. The temperature was an easy ninety, – he said.

Спека нестерпна, – сказав він.

7. …for dessert you got Brown Betty, which nobody ate (Salinger)

…на солодке давали “руду Бетті” – пудінг з патокою, тільки його ніхто не їв.

8. Він пішов у армію 22 червня 1941 року.

On the day when Germany attacked Russia, he joined the army.

9. I could see my mother going in Spaulding’s (Salinger)

Я уявив собі, як мама пішла у спортивний магазин.

10. I lit a cigarette and got all dressed and then I packed these two Gladstones I have.

Я закурив, вдягнувся, потім склав обидва свої чемодани.

№3. Translate the following pragmatic idioms:

1. Будь-ласка, сплачуйте за проїзд! (прохання кондуктора до пасажирів)

2. Про вовка промовка!

3. Tell me another! (вислів недовіри)

4. All change!

5. Службове приміщення!

6. Слово честі!

7. You are another!

8. Стоянку заборонено!

9. Обережно, пофарбовано!

10. Постукай по дереву! (Щоб не зурочити)

11. Поживемо – побачимо.

12. Щасти тобі!

13. Як скажеш!

14. Stop where you are!

15. Ladies are requested not to have babies in the bar!

PRACTICAL CLASS 3

GRAMMATICAL TRANSFORMATIONS

IN THE PROCESS OF TRANSLATION

1. The notion of equivalence-lacking units

2. The concept of grammatical transformations.

3. Inner/ implicit transformations.

4. Outer/ explicit transformations.

5. The reasons which call forth grammatical transformations.

6. Types of grammatical transformations.

– Rearrangement/ permutation/ transposition;

• Substitution/ replacement;

• Addition / transformation through extension;

• Omission;

• Reduction

• Integration/ merger

• Partitioning/ breaking

6. The cases in which a translator resorts to grammatical transformations

References:

1. Korunets’ I.V. Theory and Practice of Translation. – Vinnytsia: New Book, 2000. – PP. 377-382.

2. Komissarov V.N., Koralova A.L. A Manual Of Translation from English into Russian – М.: Высшая школа, 1990. – CС. 97-105.

3. Miram G.E., Daineko V.V., Taranukha L.A., Gryshchenko M.V., Gon O.M. Basic Translation. – Київ: Ельга Ніка-Центр, 2003. – СС. 90-96. Бархударов Л.С. Язык и перевод. – М.: Международные отношения, 1975. – СС. 190-209.

4. Рецкер Я.И. Теория перевода и переводческая практика. – М.: Международные отношения, 1974. – СС. 80-87.

PRACTICAL ASSIGNMENT

№1.Translate into Ukrainian using rearrangement and give reasons for employing it:

1. There is the greatest future for the British people once they take their destinies into their own hands.

2. There is a secret mark on the document to guard against forgery.

3. A loud bell rang for the servants’ dinner.

4. A stranger was before him – a boy a shade larger than himself.

5. Ashley Ferrars had been a drunkard for many years before his death.

6. There was something of the fawn in her shy grace and startled eyes.

7. Mr Casaubon turned his eyes very markedly on Dorothea while she was speaking and seemed to observe her newly.

8. He pursued his theme, however without noticing my deprecation.

9. Dorian bowed to him shyly from the end of the table, a flush of pleasure stealing into his cheek.

10. There were two sentries seated on chairs inside the door, one on each side of the marble entrance hall …

№2. Translate into Ukrainian using omission and give reasons for employing it. Point to the redundant elements in the English sentences and phrases:

1. Rejected and omitted;

he is head and shoulders above his comrades;

prim and proper;

power to execute and perform the duties and responsibilities;

continue in full form and effect;

null and void.

2. “ She had a fall”, said Bessie, again putting in her word.

3. He saw the huge pile of sawdust that rose behind the open shed where the circular was.

4. Her voice, when it came, was politely ironic.

5. She could hardly believe it has happened like it had.

6. The glass has water in it.

7. Today there are very few horses working on the farm.

8. There are not many jobs to be had nowadays.

9. He gave us coffee to drink, sweet cakes to eat, and cheroots to smoke.

10. The first thing I did, after we were left together alone, was to make a third attempt to get up from my seat on the sand.

11. She pressed her hand against the sides of her head and seemed to despair of her memory.

№3. Translate into Ukrainian using substitution:

1. The establishment of the United Nations Office in November 1992 followed the signing in New York a host agreement between Ukraine’s Foreign Minister and the United Nations Secretary-General.

Scientists are on the point of making a vital breakthrough.

3. This agreement may not be amended or supplemented except by written agreement signed by both parties hereto.

4. She shrugged an indifferent shoulder.

5. The Chancellor of the Exchequer shrugged off the unemployment figures as “swollen”.

6. The Times yesterday warned editorially that the government was going to resign.

7. Grouped under this topic are very diverse questions.

8. I don’t think your aunt is a great child-lover.

9. We appeared to be the only lunchers there.

10. His luck was proverbial.

11. She made an embarrassed laugh, though there was nothing funny.

12. This system of writing is quite different from the one described in the book.

13. After the excitement she slept heavily and dreamlessly.

№4. Translate into Ukrainian using addition and explain why you used it:

1. Green Party federal election money.

2. Fuel tax protests.

3. He watched the young man out of the room.

4. Bluebells carpeted the ground there.

5. “Ready?”, said the old man inquiringly, when his guests had been washed, mended, brushed and branded.

6. “Mr Casabon is so sallow”.

7. If I am late he is sure to be furious and I couldn’t have a scene in this bonnet.

8. “There, Celia! You can wear it with your Indian muslin”.

9. She loved the fresh air and the various aspects of the country.

10. She wiped her hands and turned and smiled at him. She couldn’t hear what Pilar was saying, but as she smiled at Robert Jordan she blushed dark under the tanny skin and then smiled again.

№5. Translate into Ukrainian using reduction. State what forms of reduction were used and give reasons for employing it:

1. Young Jolyon looked after him as he walked away, and resting his head on his hand, sighed.

2. My heart really warmed to the worthy lady, as I heard her talk (Ch. Bronte).

3. It is in the nature of a Forsyte to be ignorant that he is a Forsyte; but Young Jolyon was well aware of being one.

4. I got the new coat as cheap as I could, and I went through all the rest of it as cheap as I could (Collins).

5. As he moved, a chain clanked; to his wrists were attached fetters (Ch. Bronte).

6. She remembered as though it had been only yesterday the first time she had met him (Cusack).

7. When we passed the tree, Jem remained in deep thought.

8. He was waking up now although it was still hard for him to leave his sleep.

PRACTICAL CLASS 4

TRANSLATION ON THE REFERENCE LEVEL.

LEXICAL TRANSFORMATIONS.

1. The classes of sense units which do not undergo any structural transformations in the process of translation.

2. The concept of lexical transformations.

3. The reasons which call forth lexical transformations.

4. The types of lexical transformations.

5. The cases in which a translator employs lexical transformations:

– concretization of meaning;

– generalization of meaning;

– “modulation” (sense expansion);

– antonymic translation;

– the compensation technique.

1. The main transformations employed in the process of translating Ukrainian evaluative lexis (diminutives and augmentatives).

References:

1. Korunets’ I.V. Theory and Practice of Translation. – Vinnytsia: New Book, 2000. – P. 17-26; 361-367, 367-368, 369-370, 382-386.

2. Komissarov V.N., Koralova A.L. A Manual of Translation from English into Russian. – М.: Высшая школа, 1990. – С.30-34, 37-38.

3. Левицкая Т.Р., Фитерман А.М. Проблемы перевода. – М.: Междунар. отношения, 1976. – С. 28-47.

4. Рецкер Я.И. Теория перевода и переводческая практика. – М.: Междунар. отношения, 1974. – С. 38-63.

5. Бархударов Л.С. Язык и перевод. – М.: Междунар. отношения, 1975. – С. 210-221.

PRACTICAL ASSIGNMENT

№1. Translate the following word combinations and sentences into Ukrainian, using the antonymic device and give your reasons for employing it:

• Did you remember to post the letters I gave you?

• Four men in their shirt-sleeves stood grouped together on the garden path.

• …She scarcely took her eyes from the ground and she was timid and afraid.

• It wasn’t until 1983 that Connor could afford a holiday.

• Why doesn’t Amy marry again? She is comparatively young and she’s not unattractive.

• Valid with diploma only.

• Staff only.

• Keep off the grass.

• It was late and everyone left the cafe except an old man who sat in the shadow of the leaves of the tree made against the electric light.

• ….I thought over what had happened, and wondered if it were a dream.

№2. Translate the following sentences into Ukrainian. Use concretization for the underlined words and word combinations and give reasons for employing it:

1. “I’ll bring the food and the papers”,the boy said. “Rest well, old man. I will bring stuff from the drug-store for your hands.

2. You have no business to say such a thing.

3. Her progress about London during the first week was one thrilling adventure.

4. It was a good solid house built to withstand time and exposure.

5. I arrived home from Ranelagh to find that the telegram had got all the servants except my maid out of the house.

6. How does it feel, my dear, to have the woman you hate stand by you and cloak your sins for you?

7. His hands felt so warm and strong, so comfortable to cling to.

8. You don’t know what a life she led me in

9. Some of these countries have established new constitutions.

№3. Translate the following sentences into Ukrainian. Use generalization for the underlined words and word-combinations. Substantiate the way in which you decided to translate them:

1. Have you washed your hands and face this morning?

2. The next day in the morning we left for Milan and arrived forty eight hours later.

3. …I had put on some clothes, though horror shook all my limbs; I issued from my apartment...

4. If Harris’s eyes fill with tears, it is because Harris has been eating raw onions, or has put too much Worcester over his chop.

5. He had no mysticism about turtles although he had gone in turtle boots for many years.

6. After changing to park clothes he went into the drawing room.

7. He should have a pot of money waiting for him if Kelso did the right thing for him.

8. There’s someone at White’s who wants immediately to know you.

9. He was just six foot tall and he had a gallant bearing.

№4. Translate the following sentences into English using “modulation” (sense extension) for the underlined sentences. State the types of the substitutions you resorted to:

1. A lot of schools were home for vacation already…

2. But she didn’t even touch it. She left her cup full of poisoned wine.

3. “Leave your name on the desk”, she said quickly.

4. In the fall the war always there, but we didn’t go to it any more

5. School was dismissed, and all were gone into the refectory to tea.

6. Middlepool was delighted to discover that it had in its midst an actress, who was better than any star in London.

7. All my life the early sun has hurt my eyes, he thought.

8. I began to feel that we were getting very far indeed from Gateshead; we ceased th pass through towns.

9. Daylight began to forsake the red room…

10. He saw that she was near tears.

11. In the office he was one of the most consistent nine-to-fivers.

№5. Translate the following sentences into Ukrainian. Use compensation technique for the underlined words and word combinations. Substantiate the ways in which you decided to translate them:

1. – How you keep from be evacuate?

2. Oh, I just stay on.

3. He is an Oggsford man.

4. “Why, I never seen anything like it. What did make him act so?”.

5. “Mr. Reed had been dead nine years”

6. Clyde, whose education was not a little superior to that of his guite commented sharply in his own mind on the use of such works as “knowed” and “gotta’ and so on.

7. Let him say what he likes. I don’t want to have no truck with him.

8. He is off his chump, he is. I don’t want no balmies teaching me.

9. You had a drop in, hadn’t you?

PRACTICAL CLASS 5

LEXICOLOGICAL ASPECTS OF TRANSLATION

TRANSLATION OF THE NATIONALLY BIASED LEXICON

1. The problem of translating untranslatable lexical units.

2. The concept of the nationally biased lexicon.

3. The penetration of a nation’s specific lexicon into other national languages.

4. Classification of the units of specifically national lexicon.

5. Ways of rendering the meaning of the nationally biased units of lexicon:

1. the factors which predetermine the choice of the ways of translation;

2. the ways of translation:

• transcription (transliteration) exclusively;

• transcription or transliteration and explication;

• descriptive explaining/ explication only (descriptive paraphrase);

• word-for-word or loan-translation;

• translation of componental parts and additional explication;

• semantic analogy;

• hyperonymic recreation;

• interlingual transposition on the connotative level;

• contextual explication of the units of specifically national lexicon;

• situational substitutes.

References:

1. Korunets’ I.V. Theory and Practice of Translation. – Vinnytsia: New Book, 2000. – P. 151-169.

2. Зорівчак Р. Реалія і переклад. – Львів: Вид-во при Львівському держ. ун-ті, 1989.

3. Читалина Н.А. Учитесь переводить. – М.: Международные отношения, 1975. – С. 16-20.

6. Крупнов В.Н. Курс перевода. – М.: Международные отношения, 1979. – С. 27-31.

7. Крупнов В.Н. В творческой лаборатории переводчика. – М.: Международные отношения, 1976. – С. 146-153.

PRACTICAL ASSIGNMENT

Define the ways the English and Ukrainian units of the national lexicon are translated:

1. sit-in – сіт-ін, сидячий страйк (часто студентський, проявляється в бойкоті лекцій, захопленні учбових приміщень і т.п.)

2. supply teacher – тимчасовий замісник учителя (не є штатним працівником даної школи)

3. bussing – (розм.) “басинг” (доставка учнів автобусами в школу і назад з одного району в інший)

4. careers master – консультант з професійної орієнтації

5. casuals – зручне взуття (зазвичай на низьких підборах без шнурків)

– одяг вільного крою (зазвичай для поїздки за місто і т.п.)

6. classman – випускник, який отримав ступінь бакалавра з відзнакою (honours degree) в Оксфордському ун-ті

7. passman – випускник, який отримав ступінь бакалавра без відзнаки

8. pass degree – ступінь бакалавра без відзнаки; диплом без відзнаки (присуджується після складання випускних іспитів (final examinations) в університеті за полегшеною програмою

9. honours degree – ступінь бакалавра з відзнакою; диплом з відзнакою (присуджується після складання випускних іспитів (final examinations) в університеті за ускладненою програмою

10. poll degree – (розм.) ступінь бакалавра, диплом без відзнаки (в Кембріджському ун-ті)

11. clock card – картка обліку (з зазначенням часу, коли робітники чи службовці приходять на роботу та йдуть з підприємства); букв. “часова/ годинникова картка”

12. freelance – журналіст, що не працює в певній газеті чи журналі, позаштатний журналіст (букв. “ландскхнет”)

13. “Bily” or white mushroom: growing in coniferous forests, bily have a brown cap with a whte strip that does not darken after being picked;

“Maslyata”, or butter mushrooms can be found under pine trees. They have greesy, brown caps with yellow stripes. The inner surface of the cap is also yellow. Sunny weather is not favourable for maslyata, but when it rains, dozens of them appear one after another;

“Pidberozovyky” – under-birch, grow in birch or aspen woods – under tree trunks and on stumps .

“Openky” is the tastiest mushroom. Bright yellow or orange-capped, openky thrive in pine forests, under rasperry bushes or on rotten stumps – and that’s where thir name comes from. “Pen” means “stump” in Ukrainian. Openky are the most common fall mushrooms in this area.

“Pidosonovyk”– under aspen;

“Lysychky”– fox mushrooms.

(From: «Mushroom Hunting» in: “Day and Night” – October 18-th, 2001.)

14. макітра – large earthen vessel; earthen mixing bowl

15. макогін – wooden pestle (for grinding poppy seeds, millet etc.)

16. макух – poppy-seed cake; oil cake; linseed cake

17. Маланка – Malanka (New Year’s Eve feasting)

18. могорич – bargain drink

19. м’ясниці – Myasnytsi (winter season of weddings);

• season during which it was allowed to eat meat especially after Christmas to Shrovetide

20. покрова – church feast of St. Mary the Protectress (October 14)

21. поминки – burial feast; commemoration of the dead

22. проводи – the first Sunday after Easter

23. дев’ятини – memorial feast (on the ninth day after the death of a person devoted to his (her) memory)

24. тризна – funeral feast

25. сороковини – fortieth day after a person’s death

26. спасівка – Lent of Assumption

– pear that ripens in August during lent of the Assumption

27. стрітення – Candlemass-day; the feast of Christ’s presentation at the Temple (February 15)

28. благовіщення – Annunciation of the Mother of God; the feast of the Annunciation

29. …he’s a Muscovite [Russian], and she’s a Rusynka [Ukrainian] (Olha Kobylyanska).

30. Some time later, I was carrying some salt to the styna. Do you know what a styna is? It is a hut where shepherds spend the summer, living with the sheep, milking them, and making cheese (Olha Kobylyanska).

31. I didn’t take or borrow – even so much as a fenyk [penny] (Olha Kobylyanska).

32. Her house is an ordinary peasant cottage with a pryz’ba (an earthen enbankment abutting the cottage) and whitewash around the windows (Olha Kobylyanska).

33. Then, slamming her down on the pryz’ba, he left her there (Olha Kobylyanska).

34. At one time I’d pick up a korets’ (100 kiliograms) of corncobs and heave it on a horse so hard that his back would sag (Olha Kobylyanska).

PRACTICAL CLASS 6

LEXICOLOGICAL ASPECTS OF TRANSLATION.

METHODS AND WAYS OF TRANSLATING VARIOUS PROPER NAMES.

1. The main rules of conveying different English sounds in Ukrainian translations of proper nouns.

2. Rules and methods of romanization of different Ukrainian proper nouns in English (names/family names of people, place names etc).

3. Methods of conveying the nicknames of people in English and Ukrainian (the general rules and exceptions).

4. Rules of translating the names of companies, corporations, firms and their equivalent bodies in English and Ukrainian.

5. The rule of translating the names of institutions bearing honorary names in English and Ukrainian.

6. The rule of translating the names of hotels, guest houses, hostels in English and Ukrainian.

7. Rules of translating the names of streets, squares and residential areas from Ukrainian into English.

8. The rule of translating the names of English/ Ukrainian publishing houses, news agencies, etc.

9. Rules of translating the names of public bodies into English and Ukrainian.

10. Rules of translating geographical names.

References:

1. Korunets’ I.V. Theory and Practice of Translation. – Vinnytsia: New Book, 2000. – P. 91-113.

PRACTICAL ASSIGNMENT

№1. Translate into Ukrainian paying special attention to proper names.

1. Jimmy’s grin didn’t flicker. <…> Him and his boys outnumbered the strangers three to one. “Just having me a little fun, Mr Swanky Pants.”

2. “Right, you’re right.” Rimmer tensed his jaw, then fell back in step with the Cat. “You’re absolutely right. We’re not looking for Trouble. But if Trouble comes, it’s going to regret the day Mr and Mrs Trouble decided to have it off.”

3. When the black-plumed horses hauled the hearse level, Rimmer could make out the sorry, cheap coffin, and the inscription on the hastily chiseled tombstone resting above it. It read: “Here lies Cecil Central Processing Unit, plum dead.”

4. “M’Aiden Ty-One. Like all of us, you were given an insulting name by our human manufacturers. It amused them. my own name is Djuhn’Keep. A fine joke, eh?’

5. Thanks to the king’s tolerance Augustine was able to convert the south-east of England to the Church of Rome, and become the first Archbishop of Canterbury.

6. Following Merlin’s advice, Aurelius Ambrosius crossed the Irish Sea with a powerful force of warriors and marched upon Killaraus. Understandably the local Irish had no wish to see their Dance of the Giants removed by a foreign army and they massed to defend the stones. The Romanized Celts fought their way to the Dance – and then discovered it would be impossible for them to move the megaliths. It seemed there had been no need for the Irish to give their lives, the stones’ size and weight was their natural protection.

7. King Edward – known in history as Edward the Martyr – was fifteen years old when his father King Edgar died in 975.

8. In response to the tyranny of King John (1199-1216), the noblemen of England drew up a document designed to limit the power of the king and guarantee the rights of the people.

9. Charles Stuart, King of England, stood convicted, attained and condemned of high treason; and the penalty for high treason was death.

10. It was true that Anne of Austria was protesting against the celebration of the rites of the Church of England in the Louvre; it was true that she was ready to help Henrietta Maria in her battle for little Henry’s soul; but no one in France was ready to go to war with the Protector of England to help the King regain his throne.

11. They remained passive, therefore, resolved to await with patience the time when, in the course of nature, the Princess Mary, the wife of William of Orange, would mount the throne.

12. The stubborn persistence is what surely makes our British Tommy and his officers such splendid clean fighters.

PRACTICAL CLASS 7

TRANSLATION OF PHRASEOLOGICAL EXPRESSIONS

I. The notion of phraseological units.

II. The main factors influencing the reproduction of phraseological expressions.

III. The ways of faithful reproduction of phraseological expressions:

1. Translating by way of absolute equivalents.

2. Translating by way of relative equivalents

2.1. Translating by way of near (quasi) equivalents.

2.2. Translating by way of genuine analogies.

2.3. Translating by way of approximate analogies.

3. Translating by way of word-for-word reproduction.

4. Reproduction by way of descriptive translation.

IV. Monoequivalents vs multiple (synonymic) equivalents of phraseological units.

References:

1. Korunets’ I.V. Theory and Practice of Translation. – Vinnytsia: New Book, 2003. – P. 182-198.

2. Рецкер Я.И. Теория перевода и переводческая практика. – М.: Международные отношения, 1974. – С. 145-166.

3. Карабан В. Переклад англійської наукової і технічної літератури. – Вінниця: Нова книга, 2002. – С. 459-460.

4. Карабан В.І. Переклад з української мови на англійську мову. Навчальний посібник-довідник для студентів вищих закладів освіти. – Вінниця: Нова книга, 2003. – С. 321-324.

Additional sources:

1. Зорівчак Р.П. Фразеологічна одиниця як перекладознавча категорія. – Львів, 1983.

2. Крупнов В.Н. В творческой лаборатории переводчика. – М.: Международные отношения, 1976. – С. 118-135.

3. Федоров А.В. Введение в теорию перевода. – М., 1953. – С. 148-158.

4. Читалина Н.А. Учитесь переводить. – М., 1975. – С. 39-46.

PRACTICAL ASSIGNMENT

№1. Define the way of translation of the following phraseologisms: