16. Ответьте на вопросы.

1. The United Kingdom judiciary is in entirely independent of the Government.

2. The main sources of law are legislation, common law and European Community law.

3. Legislation consists of Acts of Parliament, orders (rules and regulations made by ministers under the authority of an Acts of Parliament) and by laws, made by local government or other authorities exercising powers conferred by Parliament. 

4. Common law, the ancient law of the land deduced from customs and interpreted in court cases by the judges, has never been precisely defined or codified but forms the basis of the law.

5. European Community Law is confined mainly to economic and social matters.

6. The criminal law is concerned with wrongful acts harmful to the community.

7. The civil law is concerned with individuals' rights, duties and obligations towards one another.

8. British criminal justice comprises four stages:

1 – making laws which define illegal actions;

2 – preventing crime and enforcing the law – largely matters for the police;

3 – determining in the courts the guilt or innocence of the people accused of crimes and sentencing the guilty;

4 – dealing with convicted offenders.

9. The criminal law is government-sponsored.

10. Еhe Institute of Criminology at Cambridge carries out criminological researches.

11. The civil law is subdivided into: family law, the law of property, the law of contract and the law of torts.

12. There are Magistrates' Courts and the Crown Courts in Britain.

13. Magistrates' courts deal with nearly all less criminal cases and conduct preliminary investigations into offences.

14. Magistrates are sitting in courts without a jury.

15. The Crown Court deals with more serious criminal cases.

16. The trials of the Crown Court are held before a jury.

17. A jury is completely independent of the judiciary.

17. Закончите предложения, выбрав соответствующее по cмыслу определение. 1. b; 2. a; 3. a; 4. b.

Выполните тест.

1. 3; 11. 4; 21. 3;

2. 2; 12. 2; 22. 4;

3. 1; 13. 2; 23. 3;

4. 2; 14. 1; 24. 3;

5. 4; 15. 3; 25. 4;

6. 2; 16. 3; 26. 1;

7. 3; 17. 2; 27. 4;

8. 3; 18. 2; 28. 4;

9. 1; 19. 3; 29. 4;

10. 3; 20. 3; 30. 2.