- •1. Outline Comparative Stylistics as a science: object, subject, theory and practice.
- •3. Speak on the functional styles of the English and Ukrainian
- •6. Speak on the Stylistic analysis on the graphic level.
- •7. Specify syntactic stylistic devices.
- •15. Speak on word meaning: the problem of definition, referential and functional approaches to meaning.
- •16. Polysemy and homonymy
- •23. The category of Voice: passive voice in English and Ukrainian
- •26. Specifu the goals of translation.
- •27.Outline the functions of translation.
- •28. Speak on the objectives of the Theory of Translation.
- •29.Dwell on the earliest mentions of Translation.
- •29.Dwell on the earliest mentions of Translation.
- •29.Dwell on the earliest mentions of Translation.
- •30.Speak on translation and interpretation during the Middle Ages.
- •Germany- Albrecht von Eyb (translator of Plautu’s works),Heinrich Steinhowel (translator of Aesop’s and Boccaccio’s works)
- •32. Speak on translation during the period of Classicism and Enlightenment.
- •33.Speak on the epoch of Romanticism and Establishment of the principles of
- •34.Dwell on translation in Ukraine.
- •35. Specifu criteria for translation classification.
- •37.Dwell on genre classification of translation.
- •39.Specify equivalents in translation: the notion of equivalence.
- •4O.Elucidate formal vs. Dynamic equivalence.
- •4 1 .Elucidate referential vs. Functional equivalence.
- •43.Speak on differentiation of meaning.
- •44. Speak on generalization of meaning.
- •45. Speak on semantic development of meaning.
- •46. Speak on antonymic translation.
- •48.Elucidate basic translation devices.
34.Dwell on translation in Ukraine.
Biletskiy-Nosenko, Hulak-Artemovsky, Borovykovskyi’ were well-known translators of those times.
Near faithful versification can be observed in Hrebinka’s translation of Pushkin’s Poltava, which the poet himself identified as free translation. Both these versifictions convey almost completely the content, the iambic or choric rhythm, their vocalic and consonantal lines, their ease and melody. Despite some divergences in picturesqueness, phraseology, these translated works already bear all the characteristic features of a faithful versification.
Consequently, the first half of the 19th century may be considered to have been the starting date in the history of faithful Ukrainian versification/translation.
Actively participating in the literary process of that period were poet Metlynskyi (translations of German, French poets) and Maksymovych (versification of the Tale of the Host of Ihor).
Other translators –Holovatskyi (Serbian songs), Hrebinka,Maksymovych, Borovykovsky, Fedkovych (Austrian and German poetry), Kostomarov (Byron’s works), Starytskyi,Potebnya, Puliuy. Kulish, Franko, Lesya Ukrainka.
In the 10th-11th century only the materials necessary for the church services were translated, but soon the Bible began to appear in different cities of Kyivan Rus’. Among the fully preserved Bibles of those timed today are the Reims Bible, the Ostomyr’ Bible, the Mstyslaw’s Bible, Halych Bible.
In the 11-12th centuries there also appeared several Psalm books (Psalters) which were followed by the “Apostles”. It is important to note, that the Old Slavonic translations of Psalms and larger works as The Jewish Wars by Josephus Flavius contained several lexical, morphological (vocative case forms), syntactic features of the then old Ukrainian which are used in present-day Ukrainian.
A considerable intensification was witnessed in Ukrainian translation during the 17th century, which could have been influenced by the activities in the Kyiv Mohyla Academy(1632). In the first half of the 17th century there appeared the translations from the Greek (by Slilskyi and Nalyvaiko), from the Latin (by Sakovych).These translations were of high quality and were mostly free adaptations.
During the second half of the 17th century after the domination over Ukraine was divided between Russia and Poland (Andrussovo treaty), translation practically survived only in the Kyiv Mohyla Academy.
Translators – Symeon Polotskiy, Tuptalo, Mokiyevych (Old and new Testament, the Bible of Matthew).
17-18th century. Ivan Maksymovych translated the works of German poet Hugo.
The psalms, poetic worksof the Roman poets Ovid, Martail and of the French Renaissance poet Scaliger were often translated at the Academy as well.
A considerable intensification was witnessed in Ukrainian translation during the 17th century, which could have been influenced by the activities in the Kyiv Mohyla Academy(1632). In the first half of the 17th century there appeared the translations from the Greek (by Slilskyi and Nalyvaiko), from the Latin (by Sakovych).These translations were of high quality and were mostly free adaptations.