Традициональная американская еда

Американцы едят много. У них есть три приема еды в день: завтрак, обед и ужин. Большинство американцев не едят дома, а предпочитают идти в рестораны. Они могут выбрать из многих видов ресторанов. Есть большое число этнических ресторанов в Соединенных Штатах. Итальянская, китайская и мексиканская кухни очень популярны. Американское учреждение - ресторан быстрого питания, который очень удобен, но не очень здоров.

Однако, есть некоторые принципы американской кухни (если мы можем назвать ее так). Американцы пьют много соков и содовой, едят много мяса, фруктов и овощей, не больше количества хлеба. Утром американцы едят тосты или яичницу-болтунью, молоко или апельсиновый сок. Цыпленок или рыба, пожаренный картофель, овощные салаты и пустыня: это - наиболее распространенное меню на обед. Ужин- вероятно, самая важная еда дня, у некоторых людей есть семейный ужин , когда все члены семьи должны быть там. На ужину американцев приято обычно есть мясо, пожаренные или печеные картошки с кетчупом или сметаной, зерном, горохом, иногда макароны и сыр или спагетти; мороженое, фрукты или пирог могут быть на десерт.Индейка, ветчина и яблочный пирог традиционный на обед Рождества и Дня благодарения.

Vocabulary:

ethnic - a

1. 1) этнический

Например:▼

2) национальный

Например:▼

3) туземный

Например:▼

2. рел. языческий

healthy - a

1. 1) здоровый

juice - n

1. сок

cereal - n

1. 1) хлебный злак

2) pl зерновые хлеба

2. амер. изделия из дроблёного зерна (кукурузные хлопья и т. п.); овсянка, овсяная каша

potatoes - )

1. 1) бот. картофель

salad – n

1. 1) салат; винегрет

ketchup - n

кетчуп (острый томатный соус)

ice-cream - a

мороженое

apple pie - - яблочный пирог

Christmas - n

1. церк. рождество (Христово)

Thanksgiving Day - n n - . День благодарения

Questions:

1. How many times a day do Americans eat?

2. Do Americans like to eat at home?

3. What kind of restaurants is popular in the US?

4. What do Americans eat for breakfast?

5. What is the most important meal of the day?

6. What is a family dinner?

7. What dishes are traditional for Christmas and Thanksgiving Day dinners?

Answers:

1. Many Americans eat three times a day.

2. NO, they don’t like it.

3. Italian, Chinese and Mexican restaurants is very popular in US.

4. Americans eat for breakfast cereal or scrambled eggs, milk or orange juice.

5. Dinner is the most important meal of the day.

6. Is when all family members are present at the dinner.

7. Turkey, ham and apple pie are traditional for Christmas and Thanksgiving Day dinners.

Foods of the Ukrainians

1. Read and translate the given text.

2. Do the exercises.

In the southern part of the Ukraine, plains called steppes have what is considered some of the most fertile soil in the world. Abundant rain and a mild climate made the Ukraine famous for its chornozem, or "black earth." For centuries, the Ukraine was called "the breadbasket of Europe."

Ukrainian cuisine stems from peasant dishes based on the plentiful grains and staple vegetables grown in the country. Staple crops include sugar beets, potatoes, grapes, cabbages, and mushrooms. These are often key ingredients in soups and salads. The most popular dish is borshch, a hearty soup made in a variety of ways, depending on the person who is cooking it. Mushroom, bean, and pea soups, and millet (a type of grain) chowders are also common. Other vegetable dishes include holubtsi (stuffed cabbage) and kartoplia solimkoi ("straw potatoes"). Kotlety Po-Kyivskomy (Chicken Kiev), a chicken breast stuffed with a buttery filling, is a well-known dish outside Ukraine.

In Ukrainian cuisine, when the dough isn't baked, it is usually boiled, such as kasha (hot cereal), or fried in the form of dumplings or fritters. Freshly made dumplings called varenyky are a common Ukrainian staple. Varenyky is dough stuffed with a variety of foods, such as potatoes, meats, cheeses, sauerkraut, and even fruit, such as blueberries or cherries, for dessert. Each region, restaurant, and family has its own recipe.

The foothills of the Carpathian Mountains, located in the western Ukraine, provide pastures for grazing beef and dairy cattle. Meats, such as kovbasa (sausage), poultry, and pork are important to the Ukrainian diet.

Pork is considered the national meat and pork fat is often used in cooking. It is used mostly for frying, but also can be eaten smoked or with salt. Common dairy products include milk, syrnyky (cottage cheese fritters), nalynsnyk (cheese-filled crepes), and riazhanka (fermented, baked milk).

Desserts are often baked into sweet breads, cakes, and cookies, and made with honey and fruits, such as plums, blueberries, and cherries.

Mealtime Customs

In general, Ukrainians eat a light breakfast. It can be bread with butter served with coffee or tea, or pastries, such as a cream-filled blintz. Kasha (cereal), steamed buckwheat, barley, or millet with milk may also be served. Their main meal is eaten around mid-afternoon and usually consists of soup, such as borsch and a dish with meat or poultry. The third meal of the day takes place around 6 or 7 p.m. It is usually a time when all family members get together. Eating at a restaurant is considered a luxury, and is usually not done very often.

Ukrainians eat with a fork in their left hand and a knife in their right hand. It is considered impolite to hold your hands under the table during dinner, or to put your elbows on the table. In order not to seem wasteful, Ukrainians may eat everything on their plates. When they are visiting, Ukrainians may ask for second helpings to show appreciation for the food. Hosts often give guests a loaf of bread with salt on top, a tradition that dates back many centuries. Bread and salt were once considered necessary ingredients for health. The bread represents hospitality and the salt represents friendship.

Vocabulary:

breadbasket –

sugar beet –

grapes –

cabbage –

mushrooms –

bean –

pea –

millet –

grain –

chowder –

cottage cheese –

nalynsnyk –

crepes –

fermented milk –

mealtime –

buckwheat –

barley –