Vocabulary Focus

Ex. 1. Study the meaning of the words monitor, check and control, then use them to fill in the gaps.

• We check something to see if it is correct.

• The word control refers to power and domination. It is both a noun and a verb.

• If you monitor something you regularly check its progress.

1. I’ve … the documentation and everything is in order.

2. Inflation has not gone away but it is under… .

3. We constantly … the situation and if anything goes wrong we take action immediately.

4. We apologize for the delay which is due to reasons beyond our… .

5. Economists … prices, compute total output and perform other useful tasks.

Salary, wages and fringe benefits (also known as perks).

• A salary is paid monthly and usually by bank transfer. We use the word salary for monthly payments to professional employees.

• Wages are paid weekly to manual or unskilled workers.

• Fringe benefits (also known as perks) are extra payments (a company car, free accommodation etc.).

• The combination of salary plus perks is called a remuneration package.

Complete this extract from a job advertisement.

We are offering an attractive …, including basic … of 60 K p. a¹. plus numerous … such as subsidized accommodation, free medical insurance etc.

Note:

1. K p. A. – one thousand per annum.

Ex. 2. Complete the table by inserting the missing forms if possible

Noun	Verb	Adjective/Participle
distribution /distributor
	consume
	qualify
		independent
	engage
		entrepreneurial
satisfaction
	provide
	employ

Ex. 3. Match the following word combinations in column A with their Russian equivalents in column B:

A	B
academic argument to provide fringe benefits total output a private entrepreneur an independent entrepreneur to show a flair to engage in business to monitor performance to qualify as an economist tax revenue interest rate	приобрести профессию экономиста заниматься коммерцией чисто теоретическое доказательство доход от налогов, налоговые поступления частный предприниматель процентная ставка общий объем производства обнаруживать способность (к чему-либо) независимый предприниматель управлять работой предоставить дополнительные льготы

Ex. 4. Express in one word.

Involving a greater amount of reading and study than technical or practical work; manufacturing; extra things that some people get from their job in addition to their salary; a person who starts or organizes a commercial enterprise; expenditure on goods and services for final personal use; a natural ability to do sth well; the place of work; to watch and check sth over a period of time; to reach the standard of ability; knowledge required in order to enter a particular profession; working independently for customers or clients and not for an employer; to say in advance what is expected to happen; an amount of money needed for a particular activity or purpose, esp. in business; to make sth available for sb to use by giving it; the act of distributing.

Words for reference: costs, production, provide, academic, distribution, entrepreneur, self-employed, perks (fringe benefits), monitor, consumption, forecast, job-setting, flair, qualify.

Ex. 5. Choose the words with similar meaning from two columns and arrange them in pairs.

A	B
costs (n) monitor (v) flair (n) forecast (n) provide (v) job-setting (n) liable (a) production (n) distribute (v) consumption (n)	supply (v) expenses (n) manufacture (n) control/manage (v) dispense (v) skill/talent (n), responsible (a) place of work prediction (n) use (n)

Ex. 6. Complete the sentences using the words given below.

1. An … is a person who sets up business and business deals.

2. A … is a person who is successful in business and so has become rich and powerful.

3. The industry will have to pass its increased … on to the consumer.

4. The management will … accommodation, food and drinks for thirty people.

5. He won’t … as an economist until next year.

6. An individual hoping to start up a new company needs to have entrepreneurial … or talent.

7. Unfortunately … of higher profits did not come true.

8. Economists are concerned with the production, … and … of goods and services.

9. The … … of the job include a car and free health insurance.

Words for reference: forecasts, perks or fringe benefits, qualify, flair, entrepreneur, costs, provide, tycoon, distribution, consumption.