
- •Other titles in the series include:
- •Overcoming chronic pain a self-help manual using Cognitive Behavioral Techniques frances cole, helen macdonald, catherine carus and hazel howden-leach
- •Isbn: 978-1-84119-970-2 eIsbn: 978-1-47210-573-8
- •Table of contents
- •Acknowledgements
- •Foreword
- •Introduction by Peter Cooper Why cognitive behavioral?
- •Introduction
- •Who might benefit from using this book?
- •What does chronic pain mean?
- •What is Cognitive Behavioral Therapy?
- •How can a book help?
- •How can I get the most out of using this book?
- •What do the chapters cover?
- •How do I start using this book?
- •Four case histories
- •Using the person-centred model
- •Maria and the person-centred model
- •How did the model help Maria make changes for the better?
- •How can the person-centred model help you get ready tomake some changes?
- •Getting started
- •Reducing the impact of pain on your daily life
- •How do you or others see these changes occurring?
- •Understanding chronic pain and pain systems
- •Understanding pain
- •Acute and chronic pain
- •What is acute pain?
- •What is chronic pain?
- •Acute and chronic pain systems
- •The acute pain system
- •The chronic pain system
- •Theories of pain The Gate Control Theory of Pain
- •Other theories of pain
- •Frequently asked questions
- •Understanding investigations for pain
- •Blood tests
- •Waiting for tests and results
- •Understanding the roles of healthcare professionals
- •Healthcare professionals
- •What is the role of a physiotherapist?
- •How do physiotherapists work?
- •What is the role of a specialist pain nurse?
- •What is the role of a pain specialist?
- •What is the role of a psychologist?
- •What is the role of a psychiatrist?
- •Talking therapies
- •Cognitive Behavioral Therapy
- •Pain management programmes
- •Understanding medicines and using them better
- •What types of medicines are used to manage chronic pain?
- •How are medicines used? Analgesics
- •Problems with medicines
- •Making better use of medicines
- •Four suggestions for using medications more helpfully
- •Stopping or reducing your medicines
- •Part two Overcoming Chronic Pain
- •Introduction
- •Setting goals
- •What are goals?
- •Informal and formal goals
- •What are smart goals?
- •Setting goals
- •Using a goal ladder
- •Achieving your goals
- •Giving yourself rewards
- •What are rewards?
- •Creating a ‘fun presciption’
- •50 Mg of fun three times a day (at least) For maximum benefit, use imagination!
- •Understanding pacing skills
- •What is pacing?
- •What are the different styles of pacing?
- •What type of pacing style do you use at present?
- •If pain levels are low, do you:
- •If pain levels are high, do you:
- •How to change your pacing style
- •Experimenting
- •Planning
- •Priorities
- •How to deal with barriers to realistic pacing
- •Getting fitter and being more active
- •How being more active can help you manage your pain
- •Trying to get fitter: What does having more pain mean?
- •Why do these types of activity cause aches and pains?
- •Assessing your present activity level
- •Frequently asked questions about increasing physical activity
- •How to get started on a basic exercise programme
- •Strength exercises – do slowly
- •Stretches for flexibility
- •Understanding problem-solving
- •What is problem-solving?
- •The main steps in problem-solving
- •Putting the problem-solving process into practise
- •Problem-solving guide
- •Understanding sleep and sleep problems
- •What sort of sleeping problems can be caused by chronic pain?
- •What kind of sleep pattern do you have at present?
- •How much sleep do you need?
- •How to use a sleep diary
- •How can you change unhelpful sleep habits?
- •Relaxation
- •What is relaxation?
- •How can relaxation help with chronic pain?
- •What can help you relax?
- •How to practise relaxing
- •Time out relaxation
- •What can make it difficult to practise relaxation?
- •Pain, communication and relationships
- •Part 1: communication and sharing concerns How close relationships can be affected by pain
- •How to manage difficulties in relationships
- •How to change behavior
- •How to communicate and share your concerns
- •Part 2: chronic pain and sexual relationships
- •How to deal with sexual problems
- •How to make sexual relationships easier
- •Managing depression, anxiety and anger
- •What moods can occur because of pain?
- •Part 1: managing depression
- •Why do people become depressed with chronic pain?
- •How depression affects people’s thinking
- •What factors can contribute to depression?
- •Unhelpful thinking in depression
- •Using anti-depressants
- •Part 2: managing anxiety
- •What is anxiety?
- •What are the effects of anxiety?
- •How does anxiety affect the body?
- •Anxiety and chronic pain
- •Managing anxiety by dealing with unhelpful thinking
- •Overcoming avoidance
- •Changing unhelpful behaviors
- •Part 3: managing anger
- •How anger affects you and your pain
- •How chronic pain and anger are linked
- •How being angry can affect other people
- •How to manage anger better
- •A coping plan
- •Acceptance
- •What is acceptance?
- •How can acceptance help you manage chronic pain?
- •What is attentional control or mindfulness?
- •1. Reasonable (thinking reasonably)
- •2. Emotional (thinking emotionally)
- •3. Wise (being mindful)
- •Mindfulness skills
- •1. Observing
- •2. Being ‘non-judgemental’
- •3. Focusing on one thing now and being in the present
- •4. Doing what works
- •Mindfulness exercises
- •Maintaining progress and managing setbacks
- •How can you maintain progress?
- •Obstacles to progress
- •What is a setback?
- •How can you manage a setback?
- •Looking to the future and managing work
- •How are new ways of life and new roles possible?
- •How can you use a positive data log?
- •Thinking through work, training and other options
- •How can you stay at work or return to work successfully?
- •Useful information
- •Professional organizations
- •Self-help groups and organizations
- •Books and publications
- •Self-help books
- •Tapes and cDs
- •Useful videos
- •Wordlist
Frances Cole is a GP and Cognitive Behavioral Therapist. In 1996 she developed a primary care-run pain rehabilitation programme and continues to develop her interest in chronic pain management.
Helen Macdonald is a Cognitive Behavioral Psychotherapist and university lecturer specializing in pain management. She has obtained a Master’s degree in Cognitive-Behavioral Psychotherapy, with a dissertation examining the effectiveness of assisted self-help for chronic pain. She was recognized as a Chartered Health Psychologist in 2004.
Catherine Carus is a registered Physiotherapist and university lecturer currently teaching at the University of Bradford, she specializes in the assessment and management of musculoskeletal conditions.
Hazel Howden-Leach is a Consultant Academic Developer, working in the UK and Africa. Her expertize lies in designing health-related educational materials and programmes.
The aim of the Overcoming series is to enable people with a range of common problems and disorders to take control of their own recovery program. Each title, with its specially tailored programs, is devised by a practising clinician using the latest techniques of cognitive behavioral therapy – techniques which have been shown to be highly effective in changing the way patients think about themselves and their difficulties. The series was initiated in 1993 by Peter Cooper, Professor of Psychology at Reading University and Research Fellow at the University of Cambridge in the UK, whose original volume on overcoming bulimia nervosa and binge-eating continues to help many people in the UK, the USA, Australia and Europe.
Other titles in the series include:
OVERCOMING ANGER AND IRRITABILITY
OVERCOMING ANOREXIA NERVOSA
OVERCOMING ANXIETY
OVERCOMING BODY IMAGE PROBLEMS
OVERCOMING BULIMIA NERVOSA AND BINGE-EATING
OVERCOMING CHILDHOOD TRAUMA
OVERCOMING CHRONIC FATIGUE
OVERCOMING COMPULSIVE GAMBLING
OVERCOMING DEPERSONALIZATON AND FEELINGS OF UNREALITY
OVERCOMING DEPRESSION
OVERCOMING GRIEF
OVERCOMING HEALTH ANXIETY
OVERCOMING LOW SELF-ESTEEM
OVERCOMING MOOD SWINGS
OVERCOMING OBSESSIVE COMPULSIVE DISORDER
OVERCOMING PANIC AND AGRAPHOBIA
OVERCOMING PARANOID AND SUSPICIOUS THOUGHTS
OVERCOMING PROBLEM DRINKING
OVERCOMING RELATIONSHIP PROBLEMS
OVERCOMING SEXUAL PROBLEMS
OVERCOMING SOCIAL ANXIETY AND SHYNESS
OVERCOMING STRESS
OVERCOMING TRAUMATIC STRESS
OVERCOMING WEIGHT PROBLEMS
OVERCOMING WORRY
OVERCOMING YOUR CHILD’S FEARS AND WORRIES
OVERCOMING YOUR CHILD’S SHYNESS AND SOCIAL ANXIETY
OVERCOMING YOUR SMOKING HABIT
All titles in the series are available by mail order. Please see the order form at the back of this book. www.overcoming.co.uk
Overcoming chronic pain a self-help manual using Cognitive Behavioral Techniques frances cole, helen macdonald, catherine carus and hazel howden-leach
ROBINSON London
Constable & Robinson Ltd 55–56 Russell Square London WC1B 4HP www.constablerobinson.com
First published in the UK by Robinson, an imprint of Constable & Robinson Ltd, 2005, 2010
This edition published in 2010
Copyright © 2005, 2010
The right of Frances Cole, Helen Macdonald, Catherine Carus and Hazel Howden-Leach to be identified as the authors of this work has been asserted by them in accordance with the Copyright, Designs and Patents Act 1988.
All rights reserved. This book is sold subject to the condition that it shall not, by way of trade or otherwise, be lent, re-sold, hired out or otherwise circulated in any form of binding or cover other than that in which it is published and without a similar condition including this condition being imposed on the subsequent purchaser.
A copy of the British Library Cataloguing in Publication data is available from the British Library
Important Note This book is not intended as a substitute for medical advice or treatment. Any person with a condition requiring medical attention should consult a qualified medical practitioner or suitable therapist.
Isbn: 978-1-84119-970-2 eIsbn: 978-1-47210-573-8
Typeset by TW Typesetting, Plymouth, Devon Printed and bound in the EU
1 3 5 7 9 10 8 6 4 2
Table of contents
Acknowledgements
Foreword
Introduction by Peter Cooper
Introduction
PART ONE: What is Chronic Pain?
1 Understanding the impact of pain and making changes
2 Understanding chronic pain and pain systems
3 Understanding investigations for pain
4 Understanding the roles of healthcare professionals
5 Understanding medicines and using them better
PART TWO: Overcoming Chronic Pain
Introduction
6 Setting goals
7 Giving yourself rewards
8 Understanding pacing skills
9 Getting fitter and being more active
10 Understanding problem-solving
11 Understanding sleep and sleep problems
12 Relaxation
13 Pain, communication and relationships
14 Managing depression, anxiety and anger
15 Acceptance
16 Maintaining progress and managing setbacks
17 Looking to the future and managing work
Useful information
Wordlist
Appendix
Index