
- •Учебное пособие
- •Учебное пособие по английскому языку для студентов экономических специальностей
- •Introduction Предисловие
- •Chapter one. Skimming reading Unit one. Business education Part 1
- •Text 1 London College of International Business Studies
- •Text 2 Bentley College
- •Text 3 University of Wales: Degree Courses
- •Unit two. Applying for a job Part 1
- •Text 1 Employment Letters
- •Text 2 Resume
- •Text 3 The Employee Selection Process
- •Unit three. Your career in business and management Part 1
- •Text 1 Accountant
- •Text 2 Hotel and Motel Manager
- •Text 3 Computer Programmer
- •Unit four. Famous people and companies Part 1
- •Text 1 Walt Disney Company
- •Text 2 General Motors Worldwide
- •Text 3 People in Business: the History of Success
- •Unit five. Forms of business ownership Part 1
- •Text 1 Sole Proprietorships
- •Text 2 Partnerships
- •Text 3 Corporations
- •Unit six. Management Part 1
- •Text 1 Management and Managers
- •Text 2 Functions of Management
- •Text 3 Managerial Skills
- •Text 4 Organizational Structure
- •Text 5 Production Management
- •Text 6 Financial Management
- •Unit seven. Marketing and advertising Part 1
- •Text 1 Marketing Management
- •Text 2 Marketing Plan
- •Text 3 Advertising
- •Unit eight. Accounting and information systems Part 1
- •Text 1 Accounting
- •Text 2 Computers
- •Text 3 Management Information Systems
- •Unit nine. Trade Part 1
- •Text 1 The Importance of International Trade
- •Text 2 Wholesaling and Retailing
- •Text 3 Product and Price
- •Unit ten. Money Part 1
- •Text 1 What is Money?
- •Text 2 The Functions of Money
- •Text 3 The Supply of Money
- •Text 2 The Degrees of the University
- •Text 3 Undergraduate School of Studies in Managerial Sciences (Bradford University)
- •Text 4 Management and Administration
- •Unit two. Applying for a job Text 1 Types of Job-Search Letters
- •Text 2 The Internet Job Search
- •Text 3 Dressing for Success
- •Unit three. Your career in business and management Text 1 Business Careers
- •Text 2 Part-Time Work while Attending School
- •Text 3 Working for the Government
- •Text 4 Considering an International Career
- •Unit four. Famous people and companies Text 1 Lexmark International, Inc.
- •Text 2 The Halifax Building Society
- •Text 3 Paula Lambert and Her Company
- •Text 4 Sovereign Sponsor
- •Unit five. Forms of business ownership Text 1 Partnerships for Life
- •Text 2 The Corporate Structure
- •Text 3 Joint Ventures
- •Text 4 Recipe for Success
- •Unit six. Management Text 1 The Managerial Hierarchy
- •Text 2 Human Resource Management
- •Text 3 Managing for Quality
- •Text 4 Management of Corporate Culture
- •Unit seven. Marketing and advertising Text 1 Successful Market Research
- •Text 2 Choosing a Marketing Strategy
- •Text 3 The Marketing Mix
- •Text 4 Promotion
- •Unit eight. Accounting and information systems Text 1
- •International Accounting
- •Text 2 Components of Computerized Systems
- •Text 3 Accounting Software in Small Business
- •Text 4 Office Automation Systems
- •Unit nine. Trade Text 1 The Economic Basis for Trade
- •Increasing International Trade
- •Text 3 Trade Barriers
- •Text 4 Your Rights when Buying Goods
- •Unit ten. Money Text 1 From the History of Money
- •Forms of Money
- •Text 3 Credit Cards
- •Text 4 Traveller’s Cheques
- •Word list
- •Contents Содержание
- •Управление и бизнес Учебное пособие по английскому языку для студентов экономических специальностей
Text 2 Computers
Managers use information systems, methods and equipment that provide information about all aspects of a firm’s operations, to get what they need to make decisions. Information systems existed before computers. But computers greatly improved the quality, quantity and accessibility of management information.
Computers are very accurate, assuming they have been given correct instructions. They can also follow instructions prepared in advance, called programs. Thus they can work continuously without having to stop at every step for more instructions. Most experts divide today’s computers into four categories by size.
The first type is microcomputers, often called personal computers (PCs) or desk-top computers. Smaller, portable microcomputers are called laptop (notebook) computers. They work almost exactly like full-size microcomputers.
The second group of computers is minicomputers. They are too large to fit on a desktop but small enough to fit in an office. They are often housed in one or two cabinets about the size of a file cabinet. Unlike microcomputers, they can perform different tasks for several users at the same time.
The third group of computers is mainframe computers. They are typically housed in several large cabinets, each bigger than a file cabinet. Mainframe computers nearly always need a room with special power and cooling system, raised flooring to cover the maze of cables, and security safeguards to reduce the fire hazards and keep intruders out. A mainframe computer can serve many users at the same time.
The final group is supercomputers, which are used to do complex scientific computations. They can perform many interrelated calculations quickly. Their size usually ranges between minicomputers and mainframe computers.
6. Ответьте на вопросы:
1) What do managers use information systems for?
2) Did information systems exist before computers?
3) What did computers greatly improve?
4) Computers are always accurate, aren’t they?
5) How do most experts divide today’s computers?
7. Дайте на английском языке развернутое определение понятиям:
laptop computers –
minicomputers –
mainframe computers –
supercomputers –
8. Согласитесь или не согласитесь со следующими утверждениями:
1) Computers can’t follow instructions prepared in advance.
2) There are five categories of computers today.
3) PCs don’t work exactly like full-size computers.
4) Mainframe computers nearly always need much space.
5) All types of computers can do complex scientific calculations.
9. Вы собираетесь
1. купить компьютер для командировок;
2. оборудовать компьютерами офис своей маленькой фирмы;
3. предложить для продажи компьютеры крупному научно-исследовательскому центру.
На английском языке назовите выбранный вами тип компьютеров для каждого конкретного случая и обоснуйте свой выбор.
Part 3
1. Прочтите и запомните значение следующих слов и словосочетаний:
store v |
хранить, сохранять; запасать |
data processing system |
система обработки (данных) |
management reporting system |
система отчетности на предприятии |
decision support system |
система поддержки решения |
office automation system |
система автоматизации делопроизводства |
expert system |
экспертная система |
permanent a |
постоянный; долговременный |
data base (database) |
база данных |
convert v |
превращать; конвертировать |
keep v |
держать; иметь; хранить, сохранять |
common a |
общий, общепринятый |
word processing |
электронная обработка текстов |
artificial intelligence |
искусственный разум |
2. Переведите следующие слова, обращая внимание на суффиксы, характерные для разных частей речи:
component, vastly, efficient, normally, exception, universal, consultant, total.
3. Подберите слова близкие по значению:
1) store v |
a) post n |
2) mail n |
b) instrument n |
3) application n |
c) usual a |
4) update v |
d) brain n |
5) common a |
e) man n |
6) tool n |
f) modernize v |
7) intelligence n |
g) keep v |
8) human n |
h) every day |
9) daily adv |
i) use n |
4. Соотнесите английские фразы из левой колонки с их русскими эквивалентами в правой:
1) key data |
a) по требованию |
2) more or less |
b) время от времени |
3) are normally stored |
c) она во многом схожа |
4) a singe huge file |
d) основные данные |
5) from time to time |
e) краткие отчеты |
6) are specially designed |
f) обычно хранятся |
7) on demand |
g) некоторые изменения |
8) it is similar in many ways |
h) специально создаются |
9) exception reports |
i) один огромный файл |
10) summary reports |
j) более или менее |
11) certain changes |
k) сводки с негативной информацией о платежеспособности клиентов |
5. Прочтите текст и постарайтесь понять его содержание: