Animal carbon dioxide renewable sugar vehicles wood

Начало формы

Biomass means burning [?] waste or plant materials such as [?] , or [?] cane. We can also make biofuels for [?].It's a [?] energy resource. It does cause pollution by releasing [?] [?] when the fuel is burned.

Vocabulary

Feedstock

Fume

Combustion

Landfill

Soot

Ash

Municipal solid waste

Swtchgrass

Habitat

Species

Husbandry

methanol

Mercury

Husk

Methane

Volatile

Sustainable

Pollutant

Pesticide

Fertilizer

Anaerobic decay

QUESTIONS

1. What is our largest biomass resource?

2. How long have we used biomass energy?

3. What are other sources of biomass?

4. What is the positive effect of bioenergy?

5. What is the result of biomass combustion?

6. Is there a single biomass technology?

7. What chemical elements pollute the air?

8. What does air pollution depend on?

9. What devices can measure the air pollution?

10. What is the difference between biomass and fossil fuels emission?

Introduction

Wood was once our main fuel. We burned it to heat our homes and cook our food. Wood still provides a small percentage of the energy we use, but its importance as an energy source is dwindling. Sugar cane is grown in some areas, and can be fermented to make alcohol, which can be burned to generate power in the same way as coal. Alternatively, the cane can be crushed and the pulp (called "bagasse") can be burned, to make steam to drive turbines. Other solid wastes, can be burned to provide heat, or used to make steam for a power station. "Bioconversion" uses plant and animal wastes to produce fuels such as methanol, natural gas, and oil. We can use rubbish, animal manure, woodchips, seaweed, corn stalks and other wastes.

How it works

The fuel is burned, which heats water into steam, which turns turbines, which in turn drive generators, just like in a fossil-fuel power station.

More details :- Sugar cane

Sugar cane is harvested and taken to a mill, where it is crushed to extract the juice. The juice is used to make sugar, whilst the left-over pulp, called "bagasse" can be burned in a power station.

The station usually provides power for the sugar mill, as well as selling electricity to the surrounding area.

Advantages

It makes sense to use waste materials where we can. The fuel tends to be cheap. Less demand on the Earth's resources.

Disadvantages

• Collecting the waste in sufficient quantities can be difficult.

• We burn the fuel, so it makes greenhouse gases.

• Some waste materials are not available all year round.

Is it renewable?

Biomass is renewable, as we're going to carry on making waste products. We can always plant & grow more sugar cane and more trees, so those are renewable too.

QUESTIONS

1. What does the municipal waste contain?

2. What fuels can be used instead of conventional gasoline?

3. What are theeir advantages?

4. How is ground-level ozone generated?

5. What is RDF, VOC ?

6. What is the major benefit of substituting biomass for fossil fuels?

7. What are the unexpected side-effects of growing trees or plants for energy?

8. What are the harmful environmental effects of energy farming?

9. What is organic farming?

10. What did we use wood for?

11. What is bioconversion?

12. What kinds of waste can be used for energy generation?

U nit 4. Geothermal Energy is

energy from heat inside the Earth.