4. Виконайте вправy на вживания Participle і.

1.Розкрийте дужки, вставте Participle І в активній и пасивній формі. 1. (To impress) by the film, they kept silent. 2. (To lose) the book, the student couldn’t remem- ber the topic. 3. He spent the whole day (to repair) an engine. 4. (To travel) around America for a month, she returned to England. 5. He watched Mike (to go) out of the door and (to cross) the street. 6. The question (to discuss) now is very important. 7. (To descent) the mountains, they heard a man calling for help.

Самостійне вивчення № 38

Тема: Електричне обладнання тракторів і автомобілів. Вживання Participle IІ.

Мета: Ознайомити студентів з новою лексикою, тренувати їх у читанні тексту за професійним спрямуванням, усному мовленні, робота над граматикою.

Тривалість 90 хвилин

Вид заняття: самостійне

Література:

основна:

1. Верба Л.Г. «Граматика сучасної англійської мови» с 103 .. 107

додаткова:

1. Інтернет - ресурси

Методичні вказівки:

1. прочитайте нову лексику, напишіть транскрипцію та перекладіть. 2. перекладіть українською текст “ Automobile – Electrical System ”. 3. дайте відповіді на питання. 4.виконайте вправи на вживания Participle II.

1.Прочитайте нову лексику, напишіть транскрипцію та перекладіть. ignition time, current leakage, sparking plug, burst of sparks, headlights, windmills,

2. Перекладіть українською текст “ Automobile - Electrical System ”.

Electricity is used for many parts of the car, from the headlights to the radio, but its chief func-tion is to provide the electrical spark needed to ignite the fuel in the cylinders. This is performed by an electrical system comprises a battery, starter motor, alternator, distributor, ignition coil, ignition switch. As discussed above, the starter motor is necessary for generating the power to carry the engine through its initial movements. Initial voltage is supplied by the battery, which is kept charged by the alternator. The alternator creates electrical current from the movement of the engine, much as windmills and watermills generate current from the movement of air or water.

Turning the key in the ignition switch draws current from the battery. This current, however, is not strong enough to provide spark to the spark plugs so it is drawn through the ignition coil, which is comprised of the tight primary winding and the looser secondary winding. The intro-duction of current between these windings creates a powerful magnetic field. Interrupting the current flow, which hap-pens many times a second, causes the magnetic field to collapse. The collapsing of the magnetic field produces a powerful electrical surge. In this way, the 12-volt current from the battery is converted to the 20,000 volts needed as spark to ignite the gasoline.

Because there are two or more cylinders, and therefore as many spark plugs, this powerful cur-rent must be distributed—by the distributor—to each spark plug in a carefully controlled sequen-ce. This sequence must be timed so that the cylinders and the pistons powering the crankshaft work smoothly together. For this reason, most automobiles manufactured today utilize an elec-tronic ignition, in which a computer precisely controls the timing and distribution of current to the spark plugs.