Устные темы

Family

I. Words and combinations to be remembered:

a good-looking woman хорошо выглядящая женщина

fair hair светлые волосы

to look much younger выглядеть намного моложе

slim стройный

by character по характеру

talkative разговорчивый

to keep house вести домашнее хозяйство

to take care of smb присматривать (ухаживать) за кем-то

to be good at smth хорошо что-то делать

strong-willed волевой

broad-shouldered широкоплечий

to be married быть женатым

to have much in common иметь много общего

to have different views on smth иметь разные взгляды на что-либо

to be fond of smth увлекаться чем-то

to have the same opinion about smth иметь то же самое мнение о чем-то

upbringing воспитание

hard-working трудолюбивый

accountant бухгалтер

scientist ученый

to go to a nursery- school посещать ясли

to take after быть похожим

appearance внешность

regular features правильные черты

sociable общительный

to be sure быть уверенным

relatives родственники

to be retired быть на пенсии

to be united быть сплоченным

to spend time together проводить время вместе

to go out of town выезжать загород

II. Read, translate and retell the text:

My Family

I want to tell you about my family. I have got a mother, a father, a sister and a brother, there are 5 of us in the family.

First of all I'll tell you some words about my parents. My mother is a teacher of biology. She likes her profession very much. She is a good-looking woman with fair hair. She is forty-five but she looks much younger. She is not tall but slim. By character my mother is energetic and talkative. My mother keeps house and takes care of us. She is good at cooking.

My father is a strong-willed man. My father is a broad-shouldered man with short black hair and grey eyes. He is forty-six. My father often sings and when we are at home and have free time I play the guitar and we sing together.

My parents have been married for twenty-six years. They have much in common, but they have different views on music, books, films and sports. For example, my father likes detective stories and my mother likes fantasy. My father is fond of sports. My parents have the same opinion about our education and upbringing. My parents are hard-working people.

My sister Helen is twenty-five. She is married and has a family of her own. She works as an accountant in a company. Her husband is a scientist. They have got a daughter and a son. They go to a nursery- school.

My brother Boris is eleven. Boris takes after his father in appearance and character. His face is long and thin. His features are regular. People find him sociable. He wants to be a pilot but he is not sure yet.

We have a lot of relatives. Our grandparents are retired. My aunts, uncles, cousins live in different parts of Russia. On holidays they often come to our place. Our family is very united. We like to spend time together. Sometimes we stay at home and watch TV or just talk, and on weekends we go out of town. We are always happy to be together, and I think that we are a friendly family.

Our University

I. Words and combinations to be remembered:

to found основать

to train обучать, готовить

a higher institute вуз

full-time дневной, очный

extra-mural заочный

five-point scale пятибалльная шкала

a shift смена

the course of studies курс обучения

an academic year учебный год

a term семестр

a senior student старшекурсник

research исследование

to take an exam in сдавать экзамен по …

a state exam государственный экзамен

a credit test зачет

post-graduate student аспирант

Doctor of science кандидат наук

practical training практические занятия

general subjects общеобразовательные предметы

on graduation по окончании

a scientific adviser научный руководитель

to receive получать

a field область

to head возглавлять

a scientific circle научный кружок

hostel общежитие

a publishing house издательство

a skiing lodge лыжная база

to provide снабжать, обеспечивать

an assembly hall актовый зал

II. Read, translate and retell the text:

Altai State Agrarian University

Altai State Agrarian University (ASAU) is one of the largest higher institutions of our country. It was founded in 1943. The University trains specialists for our agriculture. The university has several buildings. The main building is in Krasnoarmeisky Avenue.

There are two forms of training in the University: full-time and extra-mural. The course of studies lasts five years. Extra-mural students study six years. Classes begin in September and are over in June. Students study in 2 shifts. A student's work is given a mark on a five-point scale.

The academic year is divided in 2 terms. After a term students take exams and pass credit tests. After every session students have vacations in winter and in summer. Students also have their practical training on different farms in the Altai Territory. Students who study well get stipends.

The first- and second- year students study general subjects such as mathematics, physics, foreign languages and a number of others. The third- year students begin to concentrate on their special interests. Specialized study and courses help students to prepare for their future work.

A student's research work is a natural part of training. Leading scientists of the University work as scientific advisers. In the final year senior students write diploma papers and take state exams. On graduation students receive diplomas of specialists.

There is a post-graduate course in the University. Students may become post-graduate students and begin their researches in different fields of science. After some years of studies they may become Doctors of science.

The University has some faculties and institutes. For example: the Agronomy faculty, the Zooengineering faculty, the Faculty of Economics and Management, the Bookkeeping faculty, the Institute of Technics and Agroengineering Researches, the Institute of Nature Management, the Institute of Veterinary Medicine and the Center of Humanity Education.

The Rector heads the university. Every faculty is headed by the dean. Every institute is headed by the director. There are many chairs at the University. There are many different scientific circles at the University.

The University has some hostels, several libraries, a publishing house, a students' club, a skiing lodge, gymnasiums, an assembly hall. Students can take part in different art activities and go in for sports.

Engineer

I. Words and combinations to be remembered:

engineering инженерное искусство, инженерия

to be defined as определять как

application применение

science наука

branch отрасль

empirical information эмпирическая информация

to depend on зависеть

observation наблюдение

experience опыт

to calculate подсчитывать, расcчитывать

mechanical advantage механическое преимущество

interaction взаимодействие

strong material прочный материал

sources of power источники энергии

analytical frame of mind аналитический склад ума

design проектирование

equipment оборудование

the like тому подобное

to require требовать

working knowledge практическое знание

various различный

available доступный

area область

manufacture производство

research исследование

development развитие

to keep up следить за

successfully успешно

to compete конкурировать

table таблица

to apply применять

to prepare подготавливать

educational establishment образовательное учреждение

equipment engineers инженер по оборудованию

car serviceman инженер по сервисному обслуживанию

product processing переработка продуктов

preventive maintenance превентивное техобслуживание

repair ремонт

resistance сопротивление

sowing and harvesting seasons сезоны посадки и сбора урожая

II. Read, translate and retell the text:

Engineer

Engineering is an old profession. Engineering is often defined as a practical application of theoretical sciences such as physics and mathematics. Many of the early branches of engineering were based not on science but on empirical information that depended on observation and experience.

Nowadays the mechanical engineer has the mathematical ability to calculate the mechanical advantage from the complex interaction of different mechanisms. He also has new and strong materials to work with and different sources of power. The engineer has an analytical frame of mind and imagination.

Engineers design and make machines, equipment and the like. Such work requires creative abilities and working knowledge of scientific principles. The engineer must also have the understanding of the various processes and materials available to him. He can work in any of the following areas: the organization of manufacture, research and development, design and construction.

This profession requires special education. Engineers must keep up with changes in their profession. A mechanical engineer who does not know about new materials and "know-how" cannot successfully compete with one who does. An engineer must understand engineering tables and formulas and apply them in his work.

The Altai territory is an agricultural region, that's why it is important here to prepare good specialists for agriculture. The main higher educational establishment working in this direction is Altai State Agrarian University where I study now. I'm a second-year student of the Institute of Technics and Agroengineering Researches. Our Institute trains agricultural equipment engineers, car servicemen and specialists in the area of agricultural product processing.

An engineer is responsible for machinery fluent operation, its preventive maintenance and repair. It is necessary for an engineer to know the equipment with which he works. Some modern agricultural machines are equipped with computers. That's why we study many theoretical subjects, such as theoretical mechanics, resistance of materials, theory of machines and mechanisms, modern computer science, tractors and automobiles, details of machines, agricultural equipment, mathematical modeling and many others.

To study theoretical subjects is not enough to become a good engineer, so every year the students of our university have practice on different farms of our region. Students work on combines, tractors and other agricultural equipment during sowing and harvesting seasons, help technicians and mechanics to repair and maintain machines.