Present continuous

active: am/is/are + (do)ing Somebody is cleaning the room at the moment.

passive: am/is/are + being (done) The room is being cleaned at the moment.

There's somebody walking behind us. I think we are being followed. (in a shop) 'Can I help you?' 'No, thank you. I'm being served.'

Past continuous

active: was/were + (do)ing Somebody was cleaning the room when I arrived.

passive: was/were + being (done) The room was being cleaned when I arrived.

There was somebody walking behind us. We were being followed.

Sources of food

     Plants supply most of the food people eat. In many African, Asian, and Latin-American countries, the people depend on plants for more than two-thirds of their food. In Australia, Europe, North America, and parts of South America, the people eat much meat. But even these areas, over half the diet consists of food from plants.

Consumers commonly buy some basic foods, including eggs, fruits, and vegetables, in their natural form. But basic foods are also processed before they reach the market. Most of foods have been processed. Processors also produce baked goods, frozen dinners, and many other convenience foods, which save work for the cook when preparing a meal.

The most important food obtained from plants are grains and fruits and vegetables.

Grains, also called cereals, are the seeds of such plants as barley, corn, millet, oats, rice, rye, sorghum and wheat. The human diet has been based on grains for thousands of years. Rice or a grain product, particularly bread, is the main food in many cultures. Millers grind much of the world’s grain, especially wheat, into flour. Wheat flour is used in almost all breads, in pastries, and in macaroni and other kinds of noodles. Processors also make breakfast cereals from grains.

Fruits and vegetables add a variety of colors, flavors, and textures to the diet. Popular fruits include apples, bananas, cherries, melons, oranges peaches, pineapples and strawberries. Most fruits are eaten as snacks or in a salad or dessert.

Favorite vegetables include beans, broccoli, cabbage, carrots, celery, lettuce, onions, peas potatoes, and sweet corn. Vegetables are commonly eaten during the main part of a meal. They may be served raw in a salad, cooked and served with a sauce, or added to a soup.

Other foods from plants include nuts, herbs and spices, and beverages. Coffee, cocoa, tea and many other drinks are made from plants. Nuts are popular snacks and can be used as flavorings in other foods.

Exercises

1. Translate these interesting facts about food into your own language

Dumplings are eaten in various forms around the world. Chinese won ton, Italian ravioli, Jewish kreplach, and Polish pierogi are types of dumplings filled with meat, cheese, or vegetables.

Frankfurters were named after Frankfurt, Germany. Experts believe these sausages were first made in Germany during the middle ages. About 1900, an American vendor selling cooked frankfurters supposedly called them “hot dachshund sausages” because they resembled the long-bodied dog. Later, the term hot dog came to be used.

Hamburger was originally called Hamburg steak. It was named after Hamburg, Germany.

Hundred-year-old eggs, a delicacy in China, are preserved duck eggs. They are curved in the shell for about six months in a mixture of ashes, lime, salt, and tea. The curing makes the eggs taste like cheese.

Ice cream cones were first served at the St. Louis World’s Fair in 1904. A thin, crisp waffle was rolled into a handy holder for a scoop of ice-cream.

Pancakes are probably the oldest prepared food. The first pancakes were a mixture of pounded grain and water spread on a hot stone. Today, people enjoy such pancake variations as French crepes, Hungarian palacintas, Indian dosai, Italian cannelloni, Jewish blintzes, and Russian blini.

Pizza, an international favorite, originated in Italy. Pizza is the Italian word for pie.

Sandwiches were named after the Earl of sandwich, an English nobleman of the 1700s. while playing cards, he ordered a servant to bring him two slices of bread with a piece of roast meat between them.

2. Find the Passive sentences from the text and determine its Tense

3. Learn by heart the new words:

Canned food, cereal, seed, barley, corn, millet, oat, rye, sorghum, wheat, noodle, melon, peach, pineapple, bean, broccoli, cabbage, carrot, celery, lettuce, onion, pea, raw, herb, spice, mixture

4. What do these words mean? Use it can ... or it can't... . Use a dictionary if necessary.

If something is

1 washable,................................ 4 unusable, ........................

2 unbreakable, it........................ 5 invisible,............... ...........

3 edible,..................................... 6 portable,..................... .....

5. Complete these sentences with the following verbs (in the correct form):

arrest carry cause -do make repair send spend wake up. Sometimes you need have (might have, should have etc.).

1 The situation is serious. Something must........ before it's too late.

2 I haven't received the letter. It might...........to the wrong address.

3 A decision will not. ...................................until the next meeting.

4 Do you think that more money should .....................on education?

5 This road is in very bad condition. It should ................a long time ago.

6 The injured man couldn't walk and had to. ......................................

7 It's not certain how the fire started, but it might ........................... by an

electrical fault.

8 I told the hotel receptionist I wanted to .............................at 6.30 the next morning.

9 If you hadn't pushed the policeman, you wouldn't ................................