Cardinal ['kRdinl] (n)  numeral case (n) падеж a grammatical category of a  noun or  pronoun indicating its relationship to other words in the sentence.

• COMMON CASE общий падеж The uninflected form of the noun in opposition to the Genitive case, e.g. Mary, boy. Alternative term: Nominative case.

• GENITIVE CASE родительный падеж The case form of a noun with ‘s inflection, e.g. Mary’s, boy’s. Alternative term: Possessive case.

• NOMINATIVE ['nOminqtiv] CASE именительный падеж A case form indicating that the personal pronoun in question is functioning as the subject of the sentence, e.g. she; they.

• OBJECTIVE [qb'Gektiv] CASE объектный падеж The oblique form indicating that the personal pronoun in question is not used as the subject, e.g. her, them.

CATEGORY ['kxtigqri] (n) категория A class of grammatical items in which each member has a characteristic common to all the rest, e.g. number, case, tense, voice.

CAUSATIVE-CONSECUTIVE ['kLzetiv-kqn'sekjutiv] CONJUNCTION причинно-следственный союз A conjunction introducing a clause which expresses a reason, purpose or effect, e.g. because, so, therefore.

CENTRE OF COMMUNICATION центр коммуникации The part of the sentence providing ‘new’ information, which is the most important in the sentence.

CLASS NOUN = COUNTABLE NOUN A noun which may form a plural, e.g. chair, table.

CLASSIFYING FUNCTION OF THE INDEFINITE ARTICLE классифицирующая функция неопределенного артикля This function of the indefinite article is evident when the indefinite article used with a countable noun in the singular indicates that the object denoted by the noun is one of the class without defining its place in the class, e.g. a student, a window.

CLAUSE предложение, входящее в сложное предложение A syntactical unit containing a subject and a predicate, which makes part of a composite sentence.

• COORDINATE ['ko(V)'LdnIt] CLAUSE предложение, входящее в сложносочиненное предложение A  clause in a  compound sentence, e.g. He tried hard, but he failed.

• MAIN CLAUSE главное предложение A clause which has full meaning when standing alone and which is not dependent on any other clause, e.g. You can do it if you try. Alternative term: principal clause.

• SUBORDINATE [sq'bLdinIt] CLAUSE придаточное предложение А clause which is dependent on another clause for its full meaning; a constituent of the main clause, e.g. You can do it if you try.

COGNATE ['kOgneit] (adj) родственный Having the same source or origin.

COGNATE ['kOgneit] (n) родственное слово A word that is  cognate with another, e.g. English “mother”, German “Mutter”, Latin “mater”.

• COGNATE OBJECT родственное дополнение The  object which is etymologically or semantically related to the verb by which it is governed, e.g. They lived a happy life: He runs a race.

COMBINABILITY [kqm"bInq'bIlItI] (n) сочетаемость The ability of a word to co-occur with words of different classes.

COMPARATIVE  DEGREE OF COMPARISON  COMPARATIVE DEGREE

• DOUBLE COMPARATIVE двойное сравнение The formation of the comparative using two markers is one form, e.g. the Lesser Bear.

• COMPARISON (n) сравнение A grammatical category reflecting various qualitative and quantitative degrees of properties.

• COMPLEMENT ['kOmplimqnt] (n) предикативный член A constituent that is necessary to complete a grammatical construction, usually that part of a verb phrase which is required to make it complete, e.g. The food tasted good.

• OBJECT(IVE) COMPLEMENT объектно-предикативный член A noun or its equivalent required to complete the meaning of a transitive verb; it re-identifies the direct object of the verb and makes part of a  complex object, e.g. They made him chairman.

• SUBJECT(IVE) COMPLEMENT субъектно-предикативный член A noun or its equivalent that completes the meaning of a link verb or a transitive verb in the passive and at the same time refers to the subject making a  complex subject with it, e.g. The house appeared deserted: He was appointed an associate justice.

COMPLETE SENTENCE полное предложение A simple or a complex sentence without any part felt as missing.

COMPLEX  CONSTRUCTION  PREDICATIVE CONSTRUCTION

COMPLEX ADVERBIAL MODIFIER сложное обстоятельство An adverbial modifier expressed by a  predicative construction, e.g. All that was after Nick’s leaving the place.

COMPLEX ATTRIBUTE сложное определение An attribute expressed by a  predicative construction, e.g. There’s little sense in your staying here now.

COMPLEX OBJECT сложное дополнение An  object expressed by a predicative construction, e.g. I’m surprised at John making that mistake.

COMPLEX PREDICATIVE сложный предикатив A  predicative expressed by a  predicative construction, e.g. It’s all their doing.

COMPLEX SUBJECT сложное подлежащее A  subject expressed by a predicative construction, e.g. Their being bothered amused him.

COMPOSITE SENTENCE сложное предложение A sentence with coordinate and/or subordinate clauses.

COMPOUND ['kOmpaund] (adj) сложный Made up of two or more parts.

• COMPOUND NOUN сложное существительное A noun which is made up of two or more stems, e.g. Bluebeard, machine-gun.

• COMPOUND PREDICATE составное сказуемое A  predicate consisting of a finite verb and other elements, e.g. can do; began to speak; is right.

• COMPOUND SENTENCE сложносочиненное предложение A sentence which is made up of at least two independent clauses connected by  coordinating conjunctions or asyndetically, e.g. Harry was at the party, and Fred was also there.